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SIOP LESSON PLAN FOR:
ELISE KESLER, ALLIE BLACKWELL AND CHRISTA GARRISON
Date: 11/4/13
Grade/Class/Subject: 7th Grade/Science/Cell Biology *15 student total
Unit/Theme: Cell Components and function
Standards: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RST.6-8.8 Distinguish among facts, reasoned judgment based on research
findings, and speculation in a text.
Content objective(s): Students will be able to name and describe the parts of the cell
Language objective: Student will verbalize the structures and function of the structure of the cell. Standard 2:
The student will acquire English language vocabulary and use it in relevant contexts, HI-1: reading and
classifying words into conceptual categories and providing rationale for classification
Key Vocabulary: Cell Membrane, Nucleus, Organelles, Mitochondria, Endoplastic Reticulum, Golgi Bodies,
Vacuoles and Vesicles, Perioxisomes & Lysosome
Supplementary Materials: paper, markers, scissors, glue, PowerPoint, Smartboard
SIOP Features:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
Preparation: all features
Scaffolding: all
Grouping options: whole class and small groups
Integration of Processes: (all) Reading writing speaking listening
Application: all
Assessment: oral, written, group
Lesson Sequence:
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
Anticipatory set: Jobs of a City (5 minutes)
Overall View of Cell- Introduction (2 minutes)
Parts of cell: Compare Contrast to City (10-15 minutes)
Activity with a fact sheet on each organelle (15 minutes)
Independent practice : draw picture at home for each description of the organelle (1 minute to
explain)
SIOP refection- Lesson Planning (15 minutes)
Anticipatory Set
Students will be assigned an English Language Learner Description that they will act out during class.
The students will also be given a card with a picture and description of a component of either a city or a cell that
relates to one another. Once the cards are passed out, the students will need to find the person with the card that
matches theirs.
Direct Instruction
Visual aides will be supplied as a discussion on how the parts of the cell are compared to that of the city.
A PowerPoint demonstration will be given to assist in the students understanding. To increase student
involvement within the class presentation questions will be asked throughout the demonstration to check for
understanding.
Guided Practice
In groups the students will draw their assigned part of the cell given the handout describing the function.
They will draw pictures displaying information to explain how the cell functions. Once the majority of the class
has completed the activity a short informal presentation will be done by each group and students will write facts
about the cell on a fact sheet given at the beginning of class.
Independent Practice
Students will complete the fact sheet with their own drawings of different components of the parts of the
cell discussed in class. The students are to complete this page before the next class and turn the sheet in at the
assignment folder before the bell rings.
Conclusion
Review components of cell. Ask students if there are any questions. Review assignment that is due next
class.
SIOP Explanation
The SIOP component we are demonstrating is lesson delivery. These are ways we incorporated this
model into our lesson plan: active engagement through anticipatory set activity, visuals through PowerPoint,
student involvement in lesson by asking questions, hands-on learning through group activity to draw component
of the cell, practice on own at home for additional learning, supplemental material given to ELLs in case they
have questions (all fact sheets are available for students that need additional information). *Engagement 90%
to100% of time, chew and chunk for every 10 minutes of input 2 min of processing time, Corners Method? Of
instruction (corners with descriptions of part of the cell)
POWERPOINT:
SLIDE: Intro to cells
SLIDE: Find a partner
SLIDE: Cell Membrane: City limits
WHAT IS A CELL? The cell is the basic structural, functional and biological unit of all known living organisms. Cells
are the smallest unit of life that is classified as a living thing, and are often called the "building blocks of life".
Cells consist of a protoplasm enclosed within a membrane, which contains many biomolecules such
as proteins and nucleic acids.[1]Organisms can be classified as unicellular (consisting of a single cell; including
most bacteria) or multicellular (including plants andanimals). While the number of cells in plants and animals varies from
species to species, humans contain about 100 trillion (1014) cells.[2]Most plant and animal cells are visible only under the
microscope, with dimensions between 1 and 100 micrometres.[3]
The cell was discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665. The cell theory, first developed in 1839 by Matthias Jakob
Schleiden and Theodor Schwann, states that all organisms are composed of one or more cells, that all cells come from
preexisting cells, that vitalfunctions[disambiguation needed] of an organism occur within cells, and that all cells contain
the hereditary information necessary for regulating cell functions and for transmitting information to the next generation of
cells.[4] Cells emerged on Earth at least 3.5 billion years ago.[5][6][7]
The word cell comes from the Latin cella, meaning "small room".[8] It was coined by Robert Hooke in his
book Micrographia (1665), in which he compared the cork cells he saw through his microscope to the small rooms monks
lived in.[9]
The 'cell membrane' (also known as the plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane) is a biological membrane that
separates the interior of all cells from theoutside environment.[1][2] The cell membrane is selectively permeable to ions and
organic molecules and controls the movement of substances in and out of cells.[3] The basic function of the cell membrane
is to protect the cell from its surroundings. It consists of the phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. Cell membranes
are involved in a variety of cellular processes such as cell adhesion, ion conductivityand cell signaling and serve as the
attachment surface for several extracellular structures, including the cell wall,glycocalyx, and intracellular cytoskeleton.
Cell membranes can be artificially reassembled.[4][5][6]
SLIDE: Nucleus: Control Center, DNA, information, news paper (Town Hall)
In cell biology, the nucleus (pl. nuclei; from Latin nucleus ornuculeus, meaning kernel) is a membraneenclosed organelle found ineukaryotic cells. It contains most of the cell's genetic material, organized as multiple long
linear DNA molecules in complex with a large variety of proteins, such as histones, to form chromosomes.
Thegenes within these chromosomes are the cell's nuclear genome. The function of the nucleus is to maintain the
integrity of these genes and to control the activities of the cell by regulating gene expression — the nucleus is, therefore,
the control center of the cell. The main structures making up the nucleus are the nuclear membrane, a double membrane
that encloses the entire organelle and isolates its contents from the cellular cytoplasm, and the nucleoskeleton (which
includes nuclear lamina), a network within the nucleus that adds mechanical support, much like the cytoskeleton, which
supports the cell as a whole. Movement of large molecules such as proteins andRNA through the pores is required for
both gene expression and the maintenance of chromosomes. Because the nuclear membrane is impermeable to large
molecules, nuclear pores are required that regulate nuclear transport of molecules across the envelope. The pores cross
both nuclear membranes, providing a channel through which larger molecules must be actively transported by carrier
proteins while allowing free movement of small molecules and ions. The interior of the nucleus does not contain any
membrane-bound sub compartments, its contents are not uniform, and a number of sub-nuclear bodies exist, made up of
unique proteins, RNA molecules, and particular parts of the chromosomes. The best-known of these is the nucleolus,
which is mainly involved in the assembly of ribosomes. After being produced in the nucleolus, ribosomes are exported to
the cytoplasm where they translate mRNA.
SLIDE: Organelles:
In cell biology, an organelle /ɔrɡəˈnɛl/ is a specialized subunit within a cell that has a specific function, and it is usually
separately enclosed within its own lipid bilayer.
The name organelle comes from the idea that these structures are to cells what an organis to the body (hence the
name organelle, the suffix -elle being a diminutive). Organelles are identified by microscopy, and can also be purified
by cell fractionation. There are many types of organelles, particularly in eukaryotic cells. While prokaryotes do not possess
organelles per se, some do contain protein-based microcompartments, which are thought to act as primitive organelles.[1]
SLIDE: Mitochondria: powerhouse, makes energy (ATP), Power Plant
The mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is a membrane-enclosed structure found in most eukaryotic cells (the cells
that make up plants, animals, fungi, and many other forms of life).[1] Mitochondria range from 0.5 to 1.0 micrometer (μm) in
diameter. These organellesare sometimes described as "cellular power plants" because they generate most of the cell's
supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used as a source of chemical energy.[2] In addition to supplying cellular energy,
mitochondria are involved in other tasks such assignaling, cellular differentiation, cell death, as well as the control of
the cell cycle and cell growth.[3] Mitochondria have been implicated in several human diseases, including mitochondrial
disorders[4] andcardiac dysfunction,[5] and may play a role in the aging process. The word mitochondrion comes from
the Greek μίτος, mitos, i.e. "thread", and χονδρίον, chondrion, i.e. "granule".[6]
Several characteristics make mitochondria unique. The number of mitochondria in a cell varies widely
by organism and tissue type. Many cells have only a single mitochondrion, whereas others can contain several thousand
mitochondria.[7][8] The organelle is composed of compartments that carry out specialized functions. These compartments
or regions include the outer membrane, the intermembrane space, the inner membrane, and the cristae and matrix.
Mitochondrial proteins vary depending on the tissue and the species. In humans, 615 distinct types of proteins have been
identified from cardiac mitochondria,[9] whereas in rats, 940 proteins have been reported.[10] The mitochondrial proteome is
thought to be dynamically regulated.[11] Although most of a cell's DNA is contained in the cell nucleus, the mitochondrion
has its own independent genome. Further, its DNA shows substantial similarity to bacterial genomes.[12]
SLIDE: Endoplasmic Reticulum: rough and smooth (rough: makes energy and translation), (smooth: metabolic
activities), contains Ribosomes, *Highway and City Street comparisions
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a type of organelle in the cells ofeukaryotic organisms that forms an interconnected
network of flattened, membrane-enclosed sacs or tubes known as cisternae. The membranes of the ER are continuous
with the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope. Endoplasmic reticulum occurs in most types of eukaryotic cell but is
absent from red blood cells and spermatozoa. There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum, rough endoplasmic
reticulum (RER) and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). The outer (cytosolic) face of the rough endoplasmic reticulum
is studded with ribosomes that are the sites of protein synthesis. Rough endoplasmic reticulum is especially prominent in
cells such as hepatocyteswhere active protein synthesis is occurring. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum lacks ribosomes
and is concerned with lipid metabolism,carbohydrate metabolism, and detoxification[citation needed] and is especially
abundant in mammalian liver and gonad cells. The lacey membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum were first seen in 1945
by Keith R. Porter, Albert Claude, and Ernest F. Fullam.[1]
SLIDE: Golgi Body: packaging and transport *Mail carrier/post office
The Golgi apparatus (/ˈɡoʊldʒiː/), also known as the Golgi complex, Golgi body, or simply the Golgi, is
an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells.[1] It was identified in 1897 by the Italian physician Camillo Golgi and named
after him in 1898.[2]
Part of the cellular endomembrane system, the Golgi apparatus packages proteins inside the cell before they are sent to
their destination; it is particularly important in the processing of proteins forsecretion.
SLIDE 9: Vacuole
File:A dry fracture of a Vero cell exposing the contents of a vacuole where Coxiella burnetii (the Bacteria that
cause Q Fever) are busy growing - NIAID.jpg
*Store Energy/ self distruct cell,
A vacuole is a membrane-bound organelle which is present in all plant andfungal cells and
some protist, animal[1] and bacterial cells.[2] Vacuoles are essentially enclosed compartments which are filled with water
containing inorganic and organic molecules including enzymes in solution, though in certain cases they may contain solids
which have been engulfed. Vacuoles are formed by the fusion of multiple membrane vesicles and are effectively just
larger forms of these.[3] The organelle has no basic shape or size; its structure varies according to the needs of the cell.
The function and significance of vacuoles varies greatly according to the type of cell in which they are present, having
much greater prominence in the cells of plants, fungi and certain protists than those of animals and bacteria. In general,
the functions of the vacuole include:

Isolating materials that might be harmful or a threat to the cell

Containing waste products

Containing water in plant cells

Maintaining internal hydrostatic pressure or turgor within the cell
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Maintaining an acidic internal pH
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Containing small molecules
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Exporting unwanted substances from the cell
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Allows plants to support structures such as leaves and flowers due to the pressure of the central vacuole

In seeds, stored proteins needed for germination are kept in 'protein bodies', which are modified vacuoles. [4]
Vacuoles also play a major role in autophagy, maintaining a balance betweenbiogenesis (production) and degradation (or
turnover), of many substances and cell structures in certain organisms. They also aid in the lysis and recycling of
misfolded proteins that have begun to build up within the cell. Thomas Boller [5] and others proposed that the vacuole
participates in the destruction of invading bacteria and Robert B Mellor proposed organ-specific forms have a role in
'housing' symbiotic bacteria. In protists, vacuoles have the additional function of storing food which has been absorbed by
the organism and assisting in the digestive and waste management process for the cell. [6]
The vacuole probably evolved several times independently, even within the Viridiplantae.[7]
SLIDE: Lysosome: Digestion of substance *Decomposers/ garbage members *Hospitals?
Lysosomes (derived from the Greek words lysis, meaning "to separate", andsoma, "body") are the cell's waste disposal
system and can digest some compounds. They are used for the digestion of macromolecules fromphagocytosis (ingestion
of other dying cells or larger extracellular material, like foreign invading microbes), endocytosis (where receptor
proteins are recycled from the cell surface), and autophagy (wherein old or unneeded organelles or proteins, or microbes
that have invaded the cytoplasm are delivered to the lysosome).
Other functions include digesting bacteria (or other forms of waste) that invade a cell and helping repair damage to
the plasma membrane by serving as a membrane patch, sealing the wound. In the past, lysosomes were thought to kill
cells that are no longer wanted, such as those in the tails of tadpoles or in the web from the fingers of a 3- to 6-monthold fetus.
SLIDE: Group Activity
SLIDE: Review: Review 3 main categories, what each structure does (what it is compared to)
SLIDE: SIOP LESSON
INTERNET Cell Biology SOURCES
Objective: Students will be able to name and describe the parts of the cell
IDEAS: Bill Nye *YouTube video: 7H-Cells-Bill Nye the Science Guy
A. FROM VIDEO
B. Refrigerator cell demonstration
C. House demonstration
Cell Raps: on YouTube
An Egg is a cell
Prokaryotes, Eukaryotes, & Viruses Tutorial
Eukaryotes
Basic structure
The basic eukaryotic cell contains the following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
plasma membrane
glycocalyx (components external to the plasma membrane)
cytoplasm (semifluid)
cytoskeleton - microfilaments and microtubules that suspend organelles, give shape, and allow motion
5. presence of characteristic membrane enclosed subcellular organelles
Characteristic biomembranes and organelles
Plasma Membrane
A lipid/protein/carbohydrate complex, providing a barrier and containing transport
and signaling systems.
Nucleus
Double membrane surrounding the chromosomes and the nucleolus. Pores allow
specific communication with the cytoplasm. The nucleolus is a site for synthesis of
RNA making up the ribosome.
Mitochondria
Surrounded by a double membrane with a series of folds called cristae. Functions in
energy production through metabolism. Contains its own DNA, and is believed to
have originated as a captured bacterium.
Chloroplasts (plastids)
Surrounded by a double membrane, containing stacked thylakoid membranes.
Responsible for photosynthesis, the trapping of light energy for the synthesis of
sugars. Contains DNA, and like mitochondria is believed to have originated as a
captured bacterium.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)
A network of interconnected membranes forming channels within the cell. Covered
with ribosomes (causing the "rough" appearance) which are in the process of
synthesizing proteins for secretion or localization in membranes.
Ribosomes
Protein and RNA complex responsible for protein synthesis.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)
A network of interconnected membranes forming channels within the cell. A site
for synthesis and metabolism of lipids. Also contains enzymes for detoxifying
chemicals including drugs and pesticides.
Golgi apparatus
A series of stacked membranes. Vesicles (small membrane surrounded bags) carry
materials from the RER to the Golgi apparatus. Vesicles move between the stacks
while the proteins are "processed" to a mature form. Vesicles then carry newly
formed membrane and secreted proteins to their final destinations including
secretion or membrane localization.
Lysosymes
A membrane bound organelle that is responsible for degrading proteins and
membranes in the cell, and also helps degrade materials ingested by the cell.
Vacuoles
Membrane surrounded "bags" that contain water and storage materials in plants.
Peroxisomes or Microbodies
Produce and degrade hydrogen peroxide, a toxic compound that can be produced
during metabolism.
Cell wall
Plants have a rigid cell wall in addition to their cell membranes.
INFORMATION ABOVE FOUND: http://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/tutorials/pev/page3.html
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

One or more per cell
Spherical shape
Denser than surrounding cytoplasm
Chromosomes
- Usually in the form of chromatin
- Contains genetic information
- Composed of DNA
- Thicken for cellular division
- Set number per species (i.e. 23 pairs for human)
Nuclear membrane
- Surrounds nucleus
- Composed of two layers
- Numerous openings for nuclear traffic
Nucleolus
- Spherical shape
- Visible when cell is not dividing
- Contains RNA for protein manufacture



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Collective term for cytosol and organelles contained within
Colloidal suspension
Cytosol mainly composed of water with free-floating molecules
Viscosity constantly changes
Centrioles
- Paired cylindrical organelles near nucleus
- Composed of nine tubes, each with three tubules
- Involved in cellular division
- Lie at right angles to each other
Chloroplasts
- A plastid usually found in plant cells
- Contain green chlorophyll where photosynthesis takes place
Cytoskeleton
- Composed of microtubules
- Supports cell and provides shape
- Aids movement of materials in and out of cells
Endoplasmic reticulum
- Tubular network fused to nuclear membrane
- Goes through cytoplasm onto cell membrane
- Stores, separates, and serves as cell's transport system
- Smooth type: lacks ribosomes
- Rough type (pictured): ribosomes embedded in surface
Golgi apparatus
- Protein 'packaging plant'
- A membrane structure found near nucleus
- Composed of numerous layers forming a sac
Lysosome
- Digestive 'plant' for proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates
- Transports undigested material to cell membrane for removal
- Vary in shape depending on process being carried out
- Cell breaks down if lysosome explodes
Mitochondria
- Second largest organelle with unique genetic structure
- Double-layered outer membrane with inner folds called cristae
- Energy-producing chemical reactions take place on cristae
- Controls level of water and other materials in cell
- Recycles and decomposes proteins, fats, and carbohydrates, and forms urea
Ribosomes
- Each cell contains thousands
- Miniature 'protein factories'
- Composes 25% of cell's mass
- Stationary type: embedded in rough endoplasmic reticulum
- Mobile type: injects proteins directly into cytoplasm
Vacuoles
- Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal
- Contains water solution
- Contractile vacuoles for water removal (in unicellular organisms)
Cell wall
- Most commonly found in plant cells
- Controls turgity
- Extracellular structure surrounding plasma membrane
- Primary cell wall: extremely elastic
- Secondary cell wall: forms around primary cell wall after growth is complete
Plasma membrane
- Outer membrane of cell that controls cellular traffic
- Contains proteins (left, gray) that span through the membrane and allow passage
of materials
- Proteins are surrounded by a phospholipid bi-layer.
Organelle Links
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Cells and Organelles
http://www.life.uiuc.edu/bio100/lessons/cells_and_organelles.html
The Insides of Cells
http://kauai.cudenver.edu:3010/0/nutrition.dir/organelle.html
Structures and Function of Organelles
http://esg-www.mit.edu:8001/esgbio/cb/organelles.html
Why Are There Organelles?
http://iip.ucsd.edu/Step/projects95/cellular.Organelles/WHY.HTM
Cellular Organelles
http://iip.ucsd.edu/Step/projects95/cellular.Organelles/CELLS.HTM
Microfilaments and Microtubules--The Cytoskeleton
http://www-class.unl.edu/bios201/group6/cytoskel.html
Eukaryotic Cell Membrane or Plasma Membrane
http://www.bio.mtu.edu/campbell/eukaryot.htm
The Nucleus, Nucleolus, Nuclear Envelope, and everything you ever wanted to know about DNA (but were afraid to
ask)
http://www-class.unl.edu/bios201/group6/nucleus.html
Lysosomes
http://www-class.unl.edu/bios201/group6/lyso.html
The Rough and Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
http://www-class.unl.edu/bios201/group6/er.html
The Endoplasmic Reticulum
http://lenti.med.umn.edu/~mwd/back/cell_www/chapter2/ER.html
The Golgi Bodies
http://www-class.unl.edu/bios201/group6/golgi.html
Centrioles
http://www-class.unl.edu/bios201/group6/centrio.html
Mitochondria
http://www-class.unl.edu/bios201/group6/mitochon.html
INFORMATION ABOVE FROM: http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
Guided Practice
Cell Society Activity
Matching activity: Scramble up info below
CELL STRUCTURE LOCATION DESCRIPTION
FUNCTION
Cell Wall

Plant, Fungi, &
Bacteria, but not
animal cells


Outer layer
Rigid & strong
Made of
cellulose





Cell Membrane

All cells


Plant - inside cell
wall
Animal - outer
layer; cholesterol
Double layer of
phospholipids
with proteins
Selectively
permeable





Nucleus

All cells except
prokaryotes
Nucl
ear
me
mbr
ane All cells except
prokaryotes





Large, oval
May contain 1 or
more nucleoli
Holds DNA
Surrounds
nucleus
Double
membrane
Selectively
permeable


Support (grow
tall)
Protection
allows H2O, O2,
CO2 to diffuse
in & out of cell
Support
Protection
Controls
movement of
materials in/out
of cell
Barrier between
cell and its
environment
Maintains
homeostasis
Controls cell
activities
Contains the
hereditary
material of the
cell
Controls
movement of
materials in/out
of nucleus

Cyto
plas
m

All cells

Endoplasmic
reticulum (ER)



All cells except
prokaryotes

Ribosome

All cells


Mitochondrion

All cells except
prokaryotes


Clear, thick,
jellylike material
(cytosol)
Organelles found
inside cell
membrane
Contains the
cytoskeleton
fibers
Network of tubes
or membranes
Smooth w/o
ribosomes
Rough with
embedded
ribosomes
Connects to
nuclear envelope
& cell membrane
Small bodies free
or attached to ER
Made of rRNA &
protein
Peanut shaped
Double
membrane
Outer membrane
smooth
Inner membrane
folded into
cristae

Supports and
protects cell
organelles

Carries
materials
through cell
Aids in making
proteins


Synthesizes
proteins

Breaks down
sugar (glucose)
molecules to
release energy
Site of aerobic
cellular
respiration

Vacuole

Plant cells have
a single, large
vacuole


Fluid-filled sacs
Largest organelle
in plant cells

Animal cells have
small vacuoles

Lysosome

Plant - uncommon
Animal - common
Small and round
with a single
membrane

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
Chloroplast
Plants and algae



nucleolus
All cells except
prokaryotes
Golgi Apparatus
All cells except



Green, oval
containing
chlorophyll
(green pigment)
Double
membrane with
inner membrane
modified into
sacs called
thylakoids
Stacks of
thylakoids called
grana &
interconnected
Gel like
innermost
substance called
stroma
Found inside the
cell's nucleus
May have more
than one
Disappear during
cell division
Stacks of



Store food,
water,
metabolic &
toxic wastes
Store large
amounts of
food or sugars
in plants
Breaks down
larger food
molecules into
smaller
molecules
Digests old cell
parts
Uses energy
from sun to
make food
(glucose) for
the plant
Process called
photosynthesis
Release oxygen

Make
ribosomes

Have
prokaryotes
flattened sacs


Cilia

Animal cells,
Protozoans


Flagellum
Bacterial cells &
Protozoans
Centrioles


Animal cells

a cis & trans fa
ce
Modify
proteins made
by the cells
Package &
export proteins
Have a 9-2
arrangement of
microtubules
Short, but
numerous

Movement
Have a 9-2
arrangement of
microtubules
Long, but few in
number

Movement

Separate
chromosome
pairs during
mitosis

Strengthen cell
& maintains the
shape
Moves
organelles
within the cell
Paired structures
near the nucleus
Made of a
cylinder of
microtubule pairs
Cytoskeleton

All cells
Made of
microtubules 7
microfilaments

INFORMATION ABOVE FROM: http://www.biologyjunction.com/cell_functions.htm
Resources
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
http://www.biologyjunction.com/cell_functions.htm
http://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/tutorials/pev/page3.html
When does faith turn into religion?
Faith turns into religion as is discussed in James chapter 2 when the structure or the works of faith are
over emphasized and not the relationship between God and man. Since religion is the frame work of the belief
system it is of importance, but is not the sole ingredient. The importance of faith comes into play the discussion
of doctrine which is the foundation or cornerstone which the faith is built. An improper foundation leads to a
destructive faith and faulty religion.
Is Religion just a form of faith or is it a formal practice of a faith?
Religion can be a form of faith and a formal method to practice faith but is not always the case. A
person can go through the motions of religion and not result in an inward change of heart. A person who
applies faith in their practice goes through a metamorphosis of their inward heart. Religion can cause false
perceptions of people who look righteous on the outside, but are living a hypocritical life within. As Jesus
described the hypocritical religious Pharisees as white washed tombs, so religion can be used as just an outward
expression of a non-relevant inward change.
Is religion related to a denomination, church, or even an “ism”?
A religion has its basis in a central doctrine agreed by a group of individuals. Denominations are
developed by people who either interpret the doctrine differently or would like to conduct the church service in
a specific way that would be different to the likings of all the members. Religion is the umbrella term for
denomination, church and “isms” and must be further identified to identify the context where it is being
discussed.