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90729
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907290
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Level 3 Science, 2012
90729 Describe genetic processes
9.30 am Wednesday 28 November 2012
Credits: Four
Check that the National Student Number (NSN) on your admission slip is the same as the number at the
top of this page.
You should attempt ALL the questions in this booklet.
If you need more space for any answer, use the page(s) provided at the back of this booklet and clearly
number the question.
Check that this booklet has pages 2 – 8 in the correct order and that none of these pages is blank.
YOU MUST HAND THIS BOOKLET TO THE SUPERVISOR AT THE END OF THE EXAMINATION.
ASSESSOR’S USE ONLY
Achievement
Describe genetic processes.
Achievement Criteria
Achievement with Merit
Explain genetic processes.
Achievement with Excellence
Discuss genetic processes.
Overall level of performance
© New Zealand Qualifications Authority, 2012. All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced by any means without the prior permission of the New Zealand Qualifications Authority.
2
You are advised to spend 45 minutes answering the questions in this booklet.
QUESTION ONE: TRANSCRIPTION
Discuss the importance of DNA transcription in protein synthesis.
Your answer should include:
•
the structure and function of the RNA produced
•
the process of transcription
•
why DNA transcription is important in protein synthesis.
A diagram may assist your answer.
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QUESTION TWO: POINT MUTATIONS
Point mutations are when one nucleotide in the DNA is affected. The three main types are
substitution (replacement), deletion (removal) and insertion (addition).
Consider the effects the different types of point mutations have on the DNA molecule, and the
protein coded for, and discuss why insertion and deletion can be more damaging than substitution.
Your answer should include:
•
diagrams to show the result of each type of point mutation on the section of DNA shown
below
•
the results of the three types of point mutations on the final protein produced
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explanations of why deletion and insertion can be more damaging than substitution.
A labelled diagram will assist your answer.
Original section:
A A AT T TA A A
Result of substitution:
Result of deletion:
Result of insertion:
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QUESTION THREE: GENE THERAPY
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Researchers can introduce genes into a patient’s cancer cells via a viral vector. A drug is then given
to the patient, which leads to the destruction of those cancer cells containing the gene. This is an
example of gene therapy.
Discuss the implications and risks of the use of gene therapy.
Your answer should include:
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a description of how the genes are introduced to the viral vector (include restriction enzymes,
ligation, polymerase chain reaction)
•
an explanation of why the viral vector is used in gene therapy
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the implications and risks of gene therapy.
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90729
QUESTION
NUMBER
Extra paper if required.
Write the question number(s) if applicable.
Science 90729, 2012
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