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Transcript
Name: ______________________ Chapter 6 Review _____ 1 Which of the following statements about prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells is FALSE? A B C D They both contain ribosomes. They both contain mitochondria. They are both bounded by a plasma membrane. Eukaryotic cells are generally larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells. _____ 2 The goal of ___________ is to take cells apart and separate the major organelles from one another. A B C D cytology reductionism cell fractionation electron microscopy _____ 3 Which of the following structures can be found in prokaryotic cells? A B C D cytosol ribosomes plasma membrane all of the above _____ 4 What is the function of a bacterium's pili? A B C D adhesion propulsion protection DNA storage _____ 5 Which of these functions is associated with the eukaryotic cytoskeleton? A B C D the beating of cilia or flagella determining the shape of animal cells maintaining the position of the nucleus in the cell all of the above _____ 6 As a cell increases in size, its volume grows proportionately more than its surface area. Which of the following statements about the ratio of cell surface area to cell volume is TRUE? A Cells with more convoluted surfaces have larger surface-to-volume ratios than cells with smooth surfaces. B Cells involved in uptake of materials with their environment have large surface areas without greatly increasing their volume. C Because of limitations in the surface-to-volume ratio, larger organisms generally do not have larger-volume cells when compared to smaller organisms. D All of the above are TRUE statements. _____ 7 What is the term used to describe the netlike array of protein filaments that maintains the shape of the nucleus? A nucleolus B chromatin C nuclear lamina D nuclear envelope _____ 8 Which of the following INCORRECTLY matches an organelle with its function? A B C D lysosome : movement ribosome : manufactures proteins mitochondrion : cellular respiration nucleus : contains most of the genes _____ 9 Cells can incorporate radioactively labeled amino acids into their proteins. This "tagging" of newly synthesized proteins enables a researcher to track the location of these proteins in a cell. Imagine an enzyme that will eventually be secreted by cells in the small intestine. Which of the following is the most likely pathway for the movement of this protein in the cell? A nucleus -> ER -> Golgi B Golgi apparatus -> ER -> lysosome C ER -> lysosomes -> vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane D ER -> Golgi apparatus -> vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane _____ 10 Which of the following is usually formed by phagocytosis? A B C D lysosome food vacuole central vacuole contractile vacuole _____ 11 The central vacuoles of plant cells act as disposal sites for metabolic by-products. They can also perform all of the following functions EXCEPT A containing pigments that color the cells. B storing inorganic ions, such as K+ and Cl-. C producing ATP through photosynthetic reactions. D protecting the plant against predators by containing compounds that are poisonous or unpalatable. _____ 12 Which statement describes a process that is NOT part of the function of the endomembrane system? A B C D The Golgi apparatus functions in the modification and sorting of lipids and proteins. Most of the phospholipids of the endomembrane system are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum. Proteins that will be secreted from the cell are likely to be found in closed spaces bounded by membranes of the endomembrane system. Direct physical contact among all the organelles of the endomembrane system is needed to permit movement of lipid and protein components among the organelles. _____ 13 Which of the following organelles is NOT bound by a membrane? A B C D ribosome amyloplast peroxisome chromoplast _____ 14 The endomembrane system includes A B C D the nucleus, ribosomes, nucleolus, chromatin, and chromosomes. mitochondria, chloroplasts, peroxisomes, amyloplasts, and chromoplasts. microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, centrioles, flagella and cilia. the nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, various kinds of vacuoles, and the plasma membrane. _____ 15 Chloroplasts are found in A B C D all cells. plant cells. animal cells. animal cells and bacterial cells, but not in plant cells. _____ 16 The observations that chloroplasts and mitochondria each contain their own DNA and that they synthesize some of their own proteins using prokaryotic-like ribosomes suggests that chloroplasts and mitochondria A may be of prokaryotic origin. B contain two or more membranes. C are part of the endomembrane system. D are produced by the nucleus of the cell. _____ 17 Which of the following cellular processes or characteristics is NOT related to the cytoskeleton? A B C D contraction of muscle cells movement of cilia or flagella production of important organic compounds movement of the chromosomes during cell division _____ 18 Which of the following components of the cytoskeleton is involved in the maintenance of cell shape? A B C D intermediate filaments microtubules (tubulin polymers) microfilaments (actin filaments) All of the above are involved in the maintenance of cell shape. _____ 19 Which statement about plant cell walls and the extracellular matrix of animal cells is CORRECT? A B C D These structures play no role in determining cell shape. Sugars and nucleic acids are common components of these structures. These structures provide for cytoplasmic connections between adjacent cells. None of the above _____ 20 The plasma membrane is usually regarded as the boundary of the living cell, but most cells synthesize and secrete materials of one kind or another that are external to the plasma membrane. These materials are commonly known as A intracellular structures. B intercellular structures. C supercellular structures. D extracellular structures.