Download What is a protein? - Hicksville Public Schools

LO: SWBAT describe the
connection between DNA and
proteins
DN: What is a protein? What are
the building blocks of proteins?
HW: Castle Learning- DNA
Proteins
• Long chains
(polymers) of
Amino acids
• They are formed
from 20 different
amino acids.
REMEMBER
– The sequence of amino acids
influences the proteins shape.
– The shape of a protein gives it it’s
function
DNA-PROTEIN CONNECTION
• Genes contain
coded information
• This information is
used to make
proteins that are
required for it’s
shape and
function.
Where does protein synthesis
take place?
RIBOSOMES
• Ribosomes construct proteins bases on the
cell’s genetic code.
• Parent and offspring produce similar
Characteristics/traits- that is why there is
resemblance between them. They produce
similar proteins
• Proteins are made
using a person’s
genetic code (DNA)
• In order to do this,
is used RNA
RNA
•
•
•
•
Ribonucleic Acid
Ribose (sugar)
single stranded.
Nitrogenous bases are:
– A- adenine
Instead of T
(thymine),
– U- uracil
A pairs up with U
– C- cytosine
(uracil)
– G- guanine
Fill in the RNA strand:
DNA : C A G A T G T A A C T G T A A C T
RNA : G U C U A C A U U G A C A U U G A
**T from the DNA strand will still pair up with
A on the RNA strand, but A on the DNA
strand will pair up with on the RNA
strand. U
http://www.wiley.com/legacy/college/boyer/04
70003790/animations/translation/translation.
htm
There are two types of RNA. Both of
them help with protein synthesis
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
• Copies genetic code from DNA
• This is called transcription
• Brings code to ribosome
*** remember, when it copies the code
from DNA, A will pair up with U there will not by any T in RNA.
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Bringsamino acids
to the ribosome
for protein
assembly. This is
called translation
Comparing DNA and RNA
DNA
BOTH
RNA
Double stranded
larger
Genetic
information
single stranded
smaller
thymine
uracil
Nucleic Acid
deoxyribose
nucleus
Nucleotides
ribose
2 types
(sugar,
mRNA and tRNA
phosphate, base)
1. DNA controls cellular activities most directly by
coding for the synthesis of
a. inorganic compounds
c. carbohydrates
b. enzymes
d. fatty acids
2. Which base is normally found in the synthesis of
RNA but not in the synthesis of DNA?
a. adenine
c. uracil
b. cytosine
d. guanine
3.The care of a virus may contain either DNA or
RNA. To identify which nucleic acid is present, a
biochemist could chemically analyze the virus for
the presence of
a. guanine
c. cytosine
b. ribose
d. phosphate
4. Which of the following nucleic acids are
composed of nucleotides?
a. DNA only
c. Messenger
RNA
only
b. Transfer RNA only
d. DNA, mRNA,
and tRNA
5. one similarity between DNA and mRNA is
that they both contain
a. the same sugar
c. uracil
b. double stranded polymers d. genetic
code based
on sequences
of bases