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LO: SWBAT describe the connection between DNA and proteins DN: What is a protein? What are the building blocks of proteins? HW: Castle Learning- DNA Proteins • Long chains (polymers) of Amino acids • They are formed from 20 different amino acids. REMEMBER – The sequence of amino acids influences the proteins shape. – The shape of a protein gives it it’s function DNA-PROTEIN CONNECTION • Genes contain coded information • This information is used to make proteins that are required for it’s shape and function. Where does protein synthesis take place? RIBOSOMES • Ribosomes construct proteins bases on the cell’s genetic code. • Parent and offspring produce similar Characteristics/traits- that is why there is resemblance between them. They produce similar proteins • Proteins are made using a person’s genetic code (DNA) • In order to do this, is used RNA RNA • • • • Ribonucleic Acid Ribose (sugar) single stranded. Nitrogenous bases are: – A- adenine Instead of T (thymine), – U- uracil A pairs up with U – C- cytosine (uracil) – G- guanine Fill in the RNA strand: DNA : C A G A T G T A A C T G T A A C T RNA : G U C U A C A U U G A C A U U G A **T from the DNA strand will still pair up with A on the RNA strand, but A on the DNA strand will pair up with on the RNA strand. U http://www.wiley.com/legacy/college/boyer/04 70003790/animations/translation/translation. htm There are two types of RNA. Both of them help with protein synthesis Messenger RNA (mRNA) • Copies genetic code from DNA • This is called transcription • Brings code to ribosome *** remember, when it copies the code from DNA, A will pair up with U there will not by any T in RNA. Transfer RNA (tRNA) Bringsamino acids to the ribosome for protein assembly. This is called translation Comparing DNA and RNA DNA BOTH RNA Double stranded larger Genetic information single stranded smaller thymine uracil Nucleic Acid deoxyribose nucleus Nucleotides ribose 2 types (sugar, mRNA and tRNA phosphate, base) 1. DNA controls cellular activities most directly by coding for the synthesis of a. inorganic compounds c. carbohydrates b. enzymes d. fatty acids 2. Which base is normally found in the synthesis of RNA but not in the synthesis of DNA? a. adenine c. uracil b. cytosine d. guanine 3.The care of a virus may contain either DNA or RNA. To identify which nucleic acid is present, a biochemist could chemically analyze the virus for the presence of a. guanine c. cytosine b. ribose d. phosphate 4. Which of the following nucleic acids are composed of nucleotides? a. DNA only c. Messenger RNA only b. Transfer RNA only d. DNA, mRNA, and tRNA 5. one similarity between DNA and mRNA is that they both contain a. the same sugar c. uracil b. double stranded polymers d. genetic code based on sequences of bases