Download MEMBRANE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

MEMBRANE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
Big Idea 2 & 4/Topic 7
BIG IDEA 2 & 4
MAIN TOPICS
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Plasma Membrane
Structure and Function
Passive Transport Across
a Membrane
Active Transport Across a
Membrane
Modification of Cell
Surfaces
Essential Knowledge
Big Idea 2: Energy - Biological systems utilize free energy and molecular
building blocks to grow, to reproduce and to maintain dynamic homeostasis.
Big Idea 4: Interactions - Biological systems interact, and these systems and
their interactions possess complex properties.
Learning Outcomes
Plasma Membrane Structure and Function
Distinguish between the different structural components of membranes.
Describe the nature of the fluid-mosaic as it relates to membrane structure.
Describe the diverse role of proteins in membranes.
Explain why the plasma membrane exhibits selective permeability.
Explain why phospholipids play such an important role in the structure of
the cell membrane.
Compare how cells transport polar and nonpolar molecules across a
membrane.
Passive Transport across a Membrane
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2.B.1.b.1,4
Compare diffusion and osmosis across a membrane, and explain why both
osmosis and diffusion are passive processes.
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2.B.2.a-c
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2.B.3.a-b
Describe the role of proteins in the movement of molecules across a
membrane.
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2.D.3.a
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3.B.2.b
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3.D.3.a-b
Explain how active transport moves substances across a membrane.
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4.A.2.a-g
Compare the energy requirements of passive and active transport, and
explain why active transport requires energy.
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4.B.2.a.1
Contrast the bulk transport of large and small substances into a cell, and
summarize why a cell would use bulk transport rather than active transport.
Differentiate among the effects of hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic
solutions on animal and plant cells.
Contrast diffusion with facilitated transport.
Active Transport across a Membrane
Compare facilitated transport with active transport.
Modification of Cell Surfaces
Explain the role and describe the composition of the extracellular matrix in
an animal cell.
Compare the structure and function of adhesion, tight, and gap junctions in
animals, and explain why a cell would be connected by a tight junction,
rather than a gap junction or an adhesion junction.
Explain the role of plasmodesmata in plants.
Charles Darwin
Essential Questions:
How does the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane allow for selective permeability?
How do signaling pathways detect and respond to changes in a cell’s environment?
How do membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotic cells confer greater efficiency to cell processes?
A cell is a complex structure, with its investing membrane, nucleus, and
nucleolus. – Charles Darwin
ESSENTIAL VOCABULARY
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Fluid-mosaic model
Glycolipids
Glycoproteins
Channel proteins
Carrier proteins
Cell recognition proteins
Receptor proteins
Enzymatic proteins
Junction proteins
Selectively permeable
Concentration gradient
Bulk transport
Diffusion
CELL MEMBRANE
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Solution
Solvent
Osmois
Osmotic pressure
Isotonic solutions
Hypotonic solutions
Hemolysis
Turgor pressure
Hypertonic solutions
Crenation
Plasmolysis
Facilitated transport
Active transport
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Sodium-potassium pump
Exocytosis
Endocytosis
Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
Receptor-mediated
endocytosis
Extracellular matrix
Adhesion junctions
Tight junction
Gap junction
Cell wall
Plasmodesmata