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Transcript
Cell Division: Mitosis and Meiosis Mitosis • • Cell division that results in two exact daughter cells There is an exact replication of the nucleus Cell Cycle: G1 Phase: Cell growth S Phase: DNA Replication G2 Phase: Growth and prep. for mitosis Mitosis: nucleus is divided into two cells Cytokinesis: Cytoplasm divides G1 S G2 Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis Interphase • • • • • G1, S and G2 phases Period between cell divisions DNA is replicated Time for growth and normal cell activities Centriole divides and starts to move Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Prophase • • • • Centrioles move to opposite sides of cell Chromosomes become thicker and coil Spindles form Nuclear membrane and nucleolus disappear Metaphase • The two centrioles are at opposite poles • The paired chromosomes line up in the MIDDLE • Centromere attaches to spindles Anaphase • Chromatids separate • Chromosomes move to opposite poles Telophase • • • • Chromosomes un-coil Spindles disappear Nuclear membrane and nucleolus re-appear Cytokinesis begins – Cytoplasm divides Meiosis • Occurs in sex cells (gametes-sperm and egg cells) • Only occurs in organisms that reproduce sexually • Same steps as mitosis, except process is completed twice • Divides chromosome number in half – 2n (diploid) to n (haploid) • Results in 4 gametes • Spermatozoa: Sperm • Ova: Egg Sexual vs. Asexual Reproduction • Sexual Reproduction: Need a sperm and egg cell – Genetic diversity – Species can adapt (change) for environment quickly – Slow population growth • Asexual Reproduction: Can reproduce without a partner – No genetic diversity – Quick reproduction, may be good for survival rates but organism will run out of resources quickly Comp Book Time! Complete Catch It Questions 9-11