* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download cell membrane - mrcravensHIS
Survey
Document related concepts
Tissue engineering wikipedia , lookup
Biochemical switches in the cell cycle wikipedia , lookup
Signal transduction wikipedia , lookup
Cell encapsulation wikipedia , lookup
Extracellular matrix wikipedia , lookup
Cytoplasmic streaming wikipedia , lookup
Cellular differentiation wikipedia , lookup
Programmed cell death wikipedia , lookup
Cell membrane wikipedia , lookup
Cell nucleus wikipedia , lookup
Cell culture wikipedia , lookup
Cell growth wikipedia , lookup
Organ-on-a-chip wikipedia , lookup
Cytokinesis wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
TEKS 7.12D: Differentiate between structure and function in plant and animal cell organelles, including cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondrion, chloroplast, and vacuole. TEKS 7.12E: Compare the functions of a cell to the functions of organisms such as waste removal. What are organelles? • A cell is so tiny that you need a microscope to look at it. Yet inside each cell there are many smaller structures called organelles. • Each organelle carries out specific functions within a cell. Some break down food. Others move wastes to be expelled from the cell. Others store materials. 1. Infer How are organelles in a cell similar to organs in an organism? TEKS 7.12D: Differentiate between structure and function in plant and animal cell organelles, including cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondrion, chloroplast, and vacuole. TEKS 7.12E: Compare the functions of a cell to the functions of organisms such as waste removal. What makes up the outside of a cell? • Every cell has a cell membrane. The cell membrane controls what substances pass into and out of the cell. • Food particles, water, and oxygen can enter through the cell membrane. Waste products can pass out. • Plants and some other organisms, but not animals, have a cell wall. It is a rigid layer that helps protect and support the cell. Materials such as water and oxygen can pass through it. 2. Recognize What rigid layer surrounds the cells of plants, but not animals? TEKS 7.12D: Differentiate between structure and function in plant and animal cell organelles, including cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondrion, chloroplast, and vacuole. TEKS 7.12E: Compare the functions of a cell to the functions of organisms such as waste removal. What is the nucleus? • The nucleus is a cell’s control center, directing all of the cell’s activities. It is the largest of the cell’s organelles. • The nuclear envelope surrounds the nucleus. Its pores allow materials to pass in and out of the nucleus. • Inside the nucleus, thin strands of chromatin contain information for directing the cell’s functions. • The nucleolus is where ribosomes are made. Ribosomes produce proteins. TEKS 7.12D: Differentiate between structure and function in plant and animal cell organelles, including cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondrion, chloroplast, and vacuole. TEKS 7.12E: Compare the functions of a cell to the functions of organisms such as waste removal. What is in the cytoplasm? • Cytoplasm is a thick, clear, gel-like fluid that fills the cell. It holds the cell’s many organelles. • Mitochondria float in the cytoplasm. They convert energy stored in food to energy the cell can use to live and function. • Vacuoles are often found in plant cells and sometimes in animal cells. They store needed materials, including food and water, and may also store waste products. (contd.) TEKS 7.12D: Differentiate between structure and function in plant and animal cell organelles, including cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondrion, chloroplast, and vacuole. TEKS 7.12E: Compare the functions of a cell to the functions of organisms such as waste removal. • Plant cells – but not animal cells – contain green structures called chloroplasts. • Chloroplasts capture the energy from sunlight and change it to a form of energy that cells can use in making food. 3. Recognize Why can’t animal cells use sunlight to make food? TEKS 7.12D: Differentiate between structure and function in plant and animal cell organelles, including cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondrion, chloroplast, and vacuole. TEKS 7.12E: Compare the functions of a cell to the functions of organisms such as waste removal. Do cells function like organisms? Cells are living things. They carry out many of the same life processes as complex organisms. Like organisms, cells carry out these functions: • • • • obtaining food and water. converting food to a form they can use for energy. exchanging gases with their environment. eliminating waste products. 4. Infer How is the cell membrane like your skin?