Download Chapter 4 Test Cell Structure Answer Section

Chapter 4 Test Cell Structure
Essay
1. Compare and Contrast a prokaryotic cell with a
eukaryotic cell. 2 points
2. Compare and Contrast an animal cell with a plant
cell. 2 points
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
3. The double membrane surrounding the nucleus is
5. One difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
called the
is that
a. nuclear wall.
a. mitochondria are found in larger quantities in
b. nuclear envelope.
eukaryotes.
c. nucleolus.
b. the Golgi apparatus is found only in
d. nucleoplasm.
prokaryotes.
c. prokaryotes have no nuclear membrane.
4. The plasma membrane
d. nucleic acids are found only in prokaryotes.
a. encloses the contents of a cell.
b. is selectively permeable.
6. Plasma membranes
c. allows material to enter and leave the cell.
a. are made of DNA.
d. All of the above
b. contain genes.
c. are thin coverings that surround cells.
d. are part of only a small number of cells.
7. Refer to the illustration above. The cell shown is
probably an animal cell because
a. it has mitochondria.
b. it has a plasma membrane.
c. it does not have a nucleus.
d. it does not have a cell wall.
8. Refer to the illustration above. The cell uses
structure 3
a. to transport material from one part of the cell to
another.
b. as a receptor.
c. to use energy
d. to package proteins so they can be stored by the
cell.
9. Refer to the illustration above. This cell’s
chromosomes are found in
a. structure 3.
b. structure 1.
c. structure 2.
d. structure 5.
10. Refer to the illustration above. Which structure
immediately identifies this cell as a eukaryote?
a. structure 1
b. structure 2
c. structure 4
d. structure 3
11. Refer to the illustration above. Structure 1 is
a. a mitochondrion.
b. a Golgi apparatus.
c. the nucleus.
d. the endoplasmic reticulum.
12. Which of the following is the correct order of
organization of structures in living things, from
simplest to most complex?
a. organ systems, organs, tissues, cells
b. cells, tissues, organs, organ systems
c. cells, tissues, organ systems, organs
d. tissues, cells, organs, organ systems
13. The organelles in plant cells that contain a green
pigment are the
a. Golgi apparatus.
b. bilayer lipids.
c. chloroplasts.
d. mitochondria.
14. power plant : city ::
a. nucleus : chromosome
b. chromosome : DNA
c. cell : DNA
d. mitochondria : cell
15. Which of the following pairs contains unrelated
items?
a. eukaryote–amoeba
b. ribosomes–protein
c. cell wall–animal cell
d. mitochondria–energy
16. The packaging and distribution center of the cell is
the
a. nuclear envelope.
b. central vacuole.
c. Golgi apparatus.
d. nucleus.
17. The size to which a cell can grow is limited by its
a. structure.
b. location.
c. surface area.
d. function.
18. Surface area is an important factor in limiting cell
growth because
a. materials cannot enter the cell if the surface is
too large.
b. the cell can burst if the membrane becomes too
large.
c. the cell may become too large to take in enough
food and to remove enough wastes.
d. waste products cannot leave the cell if the cell
is too small.
19. The structure that regulates what enters and leaves
the cell is called the
a. nuclear membrane.
b. nucleus.
c. cell wall.
d. plasma membrane.
20. When the volume of a cell increases, its surface
area
a. increases at the same rate.
b. increases at a slower rate.
c. increases at a faster rate.
d. remains the same.
21. Which of the following is characteristic of
prokaryotes?
a. The organelles in their cytoplasm are
surrounded by membranes.
b. They have a no nucleus
c. They existed on Earth after eukaryotes.
d. None of the above
22. Proteins are made on the
a. plasma membrane.
b. ribosomes.
c. nucleus.
d. mitochondria.
23. Hooke’s discovery of cells was made observing
a. living algal cells.
b. dead protist cells.
c. living human blood cells.
d. dead plant cells.
24. How are chloroplasts like mitochondria?
a. They look alike.
b. They are both found in animal cells.
c. They can both use energy from sunlight.
d. They both are used to make or use energy.
25. Numerous hairlike organelles (used for movement)
that protrude from the surface of a cell and are
packed in tight rows are called
a. microtubules.
b. cilia.
c. flagella.
d. actin filaments.
26. A structure within a cell that performs a specific
function is called a(n)
a. organelle.
b. biocenter.
c. tissue.
d. organ tissue.
27. All of the following are found in both plant and
animal cells, except
a. a cell wall.
b. the endoplasmic reticulum.
c. a plasma membrane.
d. mitochondria.
28. Studying a picture of a cell taken with an electron
microscope, you find that the cell has no nucleus
and no mitochondria, but it does have a plasma
membrane and a cell wall. You conclude that the
cell is probably from a(n)
a. prokaryote.
b. animal.
c. plant.
d. extinct organism.
29. A cell that can change its shape would be well
suited for
a. receiving and transmitting nerve impulses.
b. covering the body surface.
c. moving to different tissues through narrow
openings.
d. All of the above
30. The Golgi apparatus is an organelle that
a. releases molecules in vesicles.
b. labels the molecules made in the endoplasmic
reticulum with tags that specify their
destination.
c. receives proteins and lipids from the
endoplasmic reticulum.
d. All of the above
31. All cells have
a. a covering called a plasma membrane that
surrounds the cell and controls what
information and materials enter and leave it.
b. an internal fluid that gives shape to the cell and
supports the other things within it.
c. either a central zone or a nucleus that contains
the cell’s genes.
d. All of the above
32. The organelles associated with photosynthesis are
the
a. Golgi apparatus.
b. vacuoles.
c. mitochondria.
d. chloroplasts.
33. In which of the following organelles is a cell’s ATP
(energy) produced?
a. Golgi apparatus
b. endoplasmic reticulum
c. mitochondrion
d. lysosome
34. Only eukaryotic cells have
a. membrane-bound organelles.
b. ribosomes.
c. DNA.
d. cytoplasm.
35. Plant cells have a large membrane-bound space in
which water, waste products, and nutrients are
stored. This place is known as a
a. mitochondrion.
b. Golgi apparatus.
c. central vacuole.
d. chloroplast.
36. One important organelle that helps maintain
homeostasis by moving supplies from one part of
the cell to the other is the
a. cytoplasm.
b. mitochondrion.
c. nucleus.
d. endoplasmic reticulum.
37. Plant cells
a. have a cell wall instead of a plasma membrane.
b. have chloroplasts and a cell wall.
c. do not contain mitochondria.
d. have a large central vacuole instead of a Golgi
apparatus.
38. A particularly active cell might contain large
numbers of
a. chromosomes.
b. vacuoles.
c. walls.
d. mitochondria.
39. Which of the following is an example of a
prokaryotic cell?
a. a virus (non living can’t reproduce)
b. a liver cell
c. a bacterium
d. an amoeba
40. The smallest units of life in all living things are
a. cytoplasm.
b. Golgi apparatus.
c. cells.
d. mitochondria.
Problem
41. A living cell has certain characteristics in common with a working factory. In a factory, products are assembled
according to specified plans, energy is used in the assembly process, products are packaged and taken out of the
factory, and a supervisor directs and oversees all of the activities occurring in the factory. Draw a model of a
factory, labeling areas where the following important activities would occur: main office where supervisor keeps
the plans and oversees activities, assembly line, electricity generator, packaging center, and factory doors. Next to
each of your labels, write the name of the cellular organelle or structure that has a similar function. Choose the
cellular organelles and structures from this list: nucleus, mitochondrion, Golgi apparatus, vacuole. Write your
answer in the space below. 4 points
Chapter 4 Test Cell Structure
Answer Section
ESSAY
1. ANS:
The organs of a multicellular organism each carry out specialized tasks that enable the whole organism to survive.
Similarly, organelles of a single cell each carry out specialized tasks that enable the whole cell to survive.
PTS: 1
2. ANS:
a
DIF: 3
OBJ: 4-2.5
STA: LS.4
PTS: 1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-3.2
PTS: 1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-3.1
PTS: 1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-2.4
PTS: 1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-2.3
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
OBJ: 4-4.1
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
OBJ: 4-3.4
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
OBJ: 4-3.2
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
OBJ: 4-2.4
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
OBJ: 4-3.3
PTS: 1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-2.5
PTS: 1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-4.4
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
OBJ: 4-3.3
PTS: 1
DIF: 2
OBJ: 4-4.1
PTS: 1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-3.3
PTS: 1
PTS: 1
DIF: 1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-2.2
OBJ: 4-2.2
PTS: 1
MULTIPLE CHOICE
3. ANS:
STA:
4. ANS:
STA:
5. ANS:
STA:
6. ANS:
STA:
7. ANS:
STA:
8. ANS:
STA:
9. ANS:
STA:
10. ANS:
STA:
11. ANS:
STA:
12. ANS:
STA:
13. ANS:
STA:
14. ANS:
STA:
15. ANS:
STA:
16. ANS:
STA:
17. ANS:
18. ANS:
B
LS.2
D
LS.2
C
LS.2
C
LS.2
D
LS.2
C
LS.2
C
LS.2
B
LS.2
D
LS.2
B
LS.4
C
LS.2
D
LS.2
C
LS.2
C
LS.2
C
C
19. ANS:
STA:
20. ANS:
21. ANS:
STA:
22. ANS:
STA:
23. ANS:
STA:
24. ANS:
STA:
25. ANS:
STA:
26. ANS:
STA:
27. ANS:
STA:
28. ANS:
STA:
29. ANS:
STA:
30. ANS:
STA:
31. ANS:
STA:
32. ANS:
STA:
33. ANS:
STA:
34. ANS:
STA:
35. ANS:
STA:
36. ANS:
STA:
37. ANS:
STA:
38. ANS:
STA:
39. ANS:
STA:
40. ANS:
STA:
D
PTS:
LS.2
B
PTS:
C
PTS:
LS.2
B
PTS:
LS.2
D
PTS:
LS.27
D
PTS:
LS.2
B
PTS:
LS.2
A
PTS:
LS.2
A
PTS:
LS.2
A
PTS:
LS.2
C
PTS:
LS.1
D
PTS:
LS.2
D
PTS:
LS.1
D
PTS:
LS.2
C
PTS:
LS.2
A
PTS:
LS.2
C
PTS:
LS.2
D
PTS:
LS.2
B
PTS:
LS.2
D
PTS:
LS.2
C
PTS:
LS.2
C
PTS:
LS.1 | LS.1 | LS.27
1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-2.3
1
1
DIF: 1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-2.2
OBJ: 4-2.4
1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-3.3
1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-1.1
1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-4.4
1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-3.3
1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-2.4
1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-4.1
1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-2.4
1
DIF: 2
OBJ: 4-2.1
1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-3.3
1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-1.4
1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-4.4
1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-3.4
1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-2.4
1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-4.3
1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-3.3
1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-4.1
1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-3.4
1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-2.4
1
DIF: 1
OBJ: 4-1.3
PROBLEM
41. ANS:
The drawing should include the following pairs:
main office—nucleus
assembly line—endoplasmic reticulum
electricity generator—mitochondrion
packaging center—Golgi apparatus
factory doors—plasma membrane
PTS: 1
DIF: 3
OBJ: 4-3.3
STA: LS.2