Download Chapter 1: Structure of Living Things Test Study Guide

Chapter 1: Structure of Living Things
Test Study Guide
On your test there will be five multiple-choice questions worth 1 point each, five matching worth 1
point each, two true or false worth 1 point each, three fill in the blanks worth 2 points each (no word
bank), and two open answer questions worth a total of 7 points. The test is out of twenty-five points.
1. Vocabulary
a. Cell : smallest unit of living things that can carry out basic processes of life
b. Cell Membrane: a thin outer layer of a plant or animal cell that lets things pass in and
out of the cell (the fence)
c. Nucleus :the structure at the center of the cell that controls all of the cells activities by
sending signals to all of the other parts of the cell (the control center)
d. Cytoplasm: the gel like material inside the cell that holds in the inner parts of the cell
(the packing material)
e. Chloroplast: the part of the plant cell that uses energy from sunlight to make food (food
factory)
f. Mitochondrion: the part of the cell that breaks down food and releases energy for the
cell to use (the power plant)
g. Vertebrate: an animal that has a backbone
h. Invertebrate: a species that does not have a backbone
i.
Vascular Plant: has tubes for moving water and materials throughout the plant
j.
Nonvascular Plant: does not have tubes throughout
k. Classify (classification): group
2. Level of Cellular Organization from Smallest to Largest (cell, tissue, organ…)
a. Cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
3. Classification Order from largest to smallest (Kingdom, phylum, class…)
a. Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
4. Know the major differences between bacteria, fungus, and protists
a. How do they get their energy (do they make their own? Feed from decay? Get it from
other sources?)
i. Baceria: make their own food
ii. Fungus: absorb their food from decaying matter
iii. Protists: can make, eat, or absorb their food
b. How many cells do they have? (are they many celled or one celled?)
i. Bacteria: one celled
ii. Fungus: one OR many celled
iii. Protists: one or many celled
5. Know the parts of a plant and animal cell.
a. What three organelles (parts) of a plant cell are different from an animal cell?
i. Cell wall
ii. Chloroplasts
iii. Vacuole is bigger to hold more water
b. What is the major way that animals and plants are different (what can plants do that
animals cannot do? Hint: think about how they get energy)
i. Plants can make their own food and animals cannot