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Anatomy & Physiology
Name ____________________________________
Cells, Membranes and Transport Questions
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1.
A phospholipid has a phosphate-containing head and two fatty acid tails attached to a backbone of
a. guanine.
b. glycogen.
c. glucose.
d. glycerol.
____ 2.
Which of the following will diffuse across a lipid bilayer?
a. sodium ions
b. glucose
c. carbon dioxide
d. DNA
____ 3.
Which of the following are not components of the cell membrane?
a. nucleic acids
b. steroids
c. phospholipids
d. proteins
____ 4.
The rate of diffusion is influenced by
a. temperature.
b. electrical gradients.
c. pressure gradients.
d. all of the choices.
____ 5.
The diffusion of water between two regions separated by a semipermeable membrane is
a. active transport.
b. passive transport.
c. exocytosis.
d. osmosis.
____ 6.
In the cell membrane, the tails of the phospholipids
a. form a barrier to slow the movement of polar substances.
b. face the cytoplasm.
c. are linked to one another by hydrogen bonds.
d. all choices are correct.
____ 7.
Most membrane functions are carried out by
a. complex carbohydrates.
b. phospholipids.
c. proteins.
d. nucleotides.
______ 8.
O2, CO2and other small, electrically neutral molecules move across the cell membrane by ________.
a. electric gradients
b. receptor-mediated endocytosis
c. passive transport
d. active transport
______ 9.
Ions such as H+, Na+, K+, and Ca++ move across cell membranes by ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
receptor-mediated endocytosis
pressure gradients
passive transport
active transport
______ 10.
The fluid mosaic model is used to describe ________.
a. the process by which particles are exported from the cell
b. the structure of the cell membrane
c. the movement of water across a membrane
d. the action of transport proteins
______ 11.
A cell is placed in a beaker containing a solution of 40 percent NaCl and 60 percent water. After a few
minutes you notice that the cytoplasm of the cell is shrinking in size. The cell is ________ in relation to the contents of
the beaker.
a. isotonic
b. hypotonic
c. hypertonic
d. saturated
______ 12.
Which of the following types of membrane proteins would be used as a molecular identification tag?
a. recognition proteins
b. transport proteins
c. adhesion proteins
d. receptor proteins
______ 13.
Membranes consist of ________.
a. a lipid bilayer
b. embedded proteins
c. phospholipids
d. all of these
______ 14.
The cellular structure in animals that is involved in the process of intracellular digestion is the ________.
a. nucleus
b. lysosome
c. rough endoplasmic reticulum
d. microtubules
e. mitochondria
______ 15.
The ________ is free of ribosomes and curves through the cytoplasm like connecting pipes; it is the main
site of lipid synthesis.
a. lysosome
b. Golgi body
c. smooth ER
d. rough ER
______ 16.
As a part of the endomembrane system, the ________ put the finishing touches on lipids and proteins to
permit sorting and packaging for specific locations.
a. endoplasmic reticulum
b. Golgi bodies
c. peroxisomes
d. lysosomes
e. mitochondria
______ 17.
Mitochondria convert energy stored in ________ into forms that the cell can use, principally ATP.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Water
carbon compounds
sunlight
carbon dioxide
_____ 18. Which of the following statements is true?
a. a cell's structure is closely related to its function
b. a cell's structure and function are not related
c. structure and function are more closely related in plant cells than in animal cells
d. none of the above
_____19. What are the three basic parts of the cell?
a. nucleus, cell membrane and cytoplasm c. nucleus, cytoplasm and mitochondria
b. nucleus, cell membrane and DNA
d. nucleus, DNA and the organelles
_____ 20. Which of the following is true of the cell's nucleus?
a. it makes ribosomes
b. it is responsible for converting glucose to ATP
c. it is the blueprint for all the protein the cell makes
d. none of the statements is true
_____ 21. Which organelle functions as the cell's internal transport system?
a. rough endoplasmic reticulum
c. Golgi complex
b. smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d. mitochondria
_____ 22. The _____ is the organelle responsible for the production of protein.
a. mitochondrion b. ribosome c. nucleolus d. Golgi complex
_____ 23. The ______ encapsulates proteins and other substances in a membrane to be transported out of the cell.
a. smooth endoplasmic reticulum
c. rough endoplasmic reticulum
b. cell membrane
d. Golgi complex
_____ 24. The function of the lysosome is to
a. store protein and other substances made by the cell
b. digest bacteria and other foreign substances that may enter the cell
c. break down glucose in order to produce ATP
d. store water
_____ 25. A selectively permeable membrane
a. allows some substances to pass through it but not others
b. restricts the movement of molecules based on their size
c. usually governed by the laws of diffusion
d. all of these
True or False
_________________________26.
A water concentration gradient is influenced by the number of solute molecules
present on both sides of the membrane.
_________________________27.
An animal cell placed in a hypertonic solution will swell and perhaps burst.
_________________________28.
Water tends to move from hypotonic solutions to areas with more solutes.
_________________________29.
Physiological saline is 0.9 percent NaCl; red blood cells placed in such a solution
will not gain or lose water; therefore, one could state that the fluid in red blood cells is hypertonic.
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D
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