Download Chapter 7: Cell Structure and Function

Chapter 7: Cell Structure and Function
Section 7-1: Life is Cellular
The observations and conclusions of many scientists helped to
develop the current understanding of the cell
Robert Hooke (1665)
 __________________________________________
__________________________________________
 __________________________________________
__________________________________________
Rudolph Virchow (1855)
 _________________________________________________
 What question does this finding leave unanswered?
_________________________________________________
THE CELL THEORY
1. ___________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________
How small are cells?
How much is a micrometer?

_____________________________________
Typical cell size = 5 to 50 ______ in diameter


In a dice that is 1 cm3
We could fit __________________cells
Two categories of cells
1. Prokaryotic Cells
pro = __________; karyon = ___________________________
•
•
contain cell membranes and cytoplasm but no __________________
______________________________________________________
Ex: __________________
2. Eukaryotic Cells
eu = ___________; karyon = ___________________________
contain a _____________________ that have specific functions
Ex: : ______________________________________________
Complete the Venn Diagram showing similarities and differences between the
two types of cells
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
7-2 Cell Structures

Organelle – a specialized structure that performs a specific
function inside a cell
Cytoplasm



Found – between the nucleus and cell membrane
Structure – __________________________________________
Function – __________________________________________
The Nucleus

Nuclear Envelope



Found _______________________________________________
Structure: ______________________________________________
Function: _______________________________________________
Chromatin
Found:
___________________________________________________
Structure: ________________________________________________
Function: _________________________________________________
Nucleolus
Found:
___________________________________________________
Structure: _________________________________________________
Function: _________________________________________________

Nucleus



Found: _________________________________________________
Structure: _______________________________________________
Function: Contains the cell’s DNA, the instructions for making protein
and directing cell activities
Cytoskeleton
Found: ___________________________
Structure: _________________________
____________________________
Function: __________________________
_____________________________________

Involved in several types of movement
Microfilaments (7nm)
 Thread like structures made of ___________________
 Support the cell
 Responsible for cytoplasm streaming –
___________________________________________________________
_________________
Microtubules (25 nm)
 Tube-like structure made of ____________________
 Important in cell division
 Used to build __________ and _____________
VACUOLE
 Found: In the cytoplasm
 Structure: Saclike
_____________________________
______________________________
 Function:________________________________
______________________________________
VESICLES
 Found: In the cytoplasm
 Structure: membrane bounded sac
 Function:_________________________
___________________________________
LYSOSOMES
 Found: In the cytoplasm
 Structure: _________________________
__________________________________
 Function: Breakdown large organic molecules,
and old nonfunctioning organelles
RIBOSOMES
 Found: In the cytoplasm
 Structure: Small and grain-like, made of
large and small subunits
 Function: ________________________
___________________________________
ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
 Found: just outside the nucleus
 Structure: ________________________
__________________________________
 Function: (ribosomes imbedded in
membrane) produces and transports
proteins.
GOLGI APPARATUS
 Found: In the cytoplasm
 Structure: ___________________
_____________________________
 Function: to modify, sort and package materials
from the ER for storage or to be transported
outside the cell.
CHLOROPLAST
 Found: In the cytoplasm of plant cells
 Structure: Stack of membranes that
contain photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll)
 Function: _________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
MITOCHONDRIA
 Found: In the cytoplasm
 Structure: _________________________
__________________________________
 Function: _________________________
___________________________________
CELL WALL
 Found: Located outside the cell membrane
 Structure: Fibers of carbohydrate, cellulose
in plant cells
 Function: __________________________
_____________________________________
CELL MEMBRANE
 Found: Located around the perimeter of
the cell
 Structure: __________________________
_____________________________________
 Function: Regulates what leaves and enters
the cell and provides protection and support
CENTRIOLES
 Found: Within the cytoplasm, only in
animal cells
 Structure:__________________________
_____________________________________
 Function: Help organize the cell during cell
during division.
Complete the Venn Diagram showing similarities and differences between the
two types of cells
PLANT
ANIMAL