Download Biology Midterm Review Name: _________________Date ______

Biology Midterm Review
Name: _________________________Date ________ Period ____
1. Name and describe the steps for the scientific method.
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2. What are the two types of data and how do they differ? ______________________________________________
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3. What are the two types of variables and how do they differ? ___________________________________________
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4. What is the difference between hypothesis and inference?____________________________________________
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5. What is the difference between a control and a constant?_____________________________________________
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6. What is the difference between a theory and a law?__________________________________________________
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7. What is an observation? Give an example._________________________________________________________
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8. What is biology? _____________________________________________________________________________
9. What is an organism? ________________________________________________________________________
10. What does reproduction mean? ________________________________________________________________
11. What are the two types of reproduction and how do they differ?_______________________________________
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12. What determines whether something is living or nonliving? Give an example for each._____________________
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13. What is the difference between growth and development?___________________________________________
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14. What is the basic unit of life? _____________________________
15. What does homeostasis mean? Give an example. _________________________________________________
16. Define the following terms
Solvent ______________________________________________________________________________________
Solute _______________________________________________________________________________________
Reactant _____________________________________________________________________________________
Product ______________________________________________________________________________________
17. What is the difference between cohesion and adhesion? ____________________________________________
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18. What causes surface tension?_________________________________________________________________
19. What is the universal solvent? _______________________________
20. What makes something polar? Give an example.___________________________________________________
21. What does pH measure? _____________________________________________________________________
22. What is the difference between an acid and a base?________________________________________________
23. Draw a pH scale. Label strong acids, weak acids, strong bases, weak bases and neutral.
24. What is a mixture? Give an example. ____________________________________________________________
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25. What does the term “organic” mean in biology? __________________________________________________
26. Name the four organic compounds and their monomers. Also tell what the role of each one is in the body.
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27. How can you tell the difference between a carbohydrate and a lipid?___________________________________
28. How can you tell the difference between a protein and a lipid?________________________________________
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29. What is an enzyme? How does it work? _________________________________________________________
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30. Words that end in “ose” are usually ________________________________
31. Words that end in “ase” are usually _______________________________
32. Words that end in “ol” are usually ________________________________
33. Draw and label the structure of an amino acid.
34. What are two types of nucleic acids? What is their function?__________________________________________
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35. Define the following terms:
Catalyst __________________________________________________________________________________
Substrate _________________________________________________________________________________
Active site ________________________________________________________________________________
Activation energy ___________________________________________________________________________
Polymer __________________________________________________________________________________
36. What is an isomer? Give an example.____________________________________________________________
37. List the 3 parts of the cell theory.
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38. Next to each cell part tell what its job is. Also tell what type of cell it can be found in.
Vacuole __________________________________________________________________________________
Ribosome _________________________________________________________________________________
Cell wall ___________________________________________________________________________________
Centrioles _________________________________________________________________________________
Plasma membrane __________________________________________________________________________
Nucleus ___________________________________________________________________________________
Cilia ______________________________________________________________________________________
Cytoskeleton _______________________________________________________________________________
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Endoplasmic reticulum ________________________________________________________________________
Flagella ___________________________________________________________________________________
Golgi apparatus _____________________________________________________________________________
Lysosome _________________________________________________________________________________
Mitochondria _______________________________________________________________________________
Nucleolus _________________________________________________________________________________
39. What are the differences between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells? _______________________________
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40. Draw and label a picture of a section of plasma membrane.
41. What structure(s) are found in plant cells but not animal cells? ________________________________________
42. What structure(s) are found in animal cells but not plant cells?________________________________________
43. Define the following terms
Diffusion _____________________________________________________________________________________
Active transport _______________________________________________________________________________
Facilitated diffusion _____________________________________________________________________________
Dynamic equilibrium ____________________________________________________________________________
Osmosis _____________________________________________________________________________________
Exocytosis ___________________________________________________________________________________
Endocytosis __________________________________________________________________________________
Phagocytosis _________________________________________________________________________________
Pinocytosis __________________________________________________________________________________
Psuedopods __________________________________________________________________________________
44. Name and describe the three types of solutions. Also tell what will happen to a cell that is placed in each one.
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45. What substance can pass through the plasma membrane easily? _____________________________________
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46. What substances have trouble passing through the plasma membrane?_________________________________
47. What is the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs? Give examples for each. ____________________
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48. What is the purpose of photosynthesis, and in what cell part does it occur? ______________________________
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49. What is the purpose of cellular respiration, and in what cell part does it occur?____________________________
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50. Name three things that a plant needs to carry out photosynthesis. _____________________________________
51. Name two products of photosynthesis. _________________ and _________________
52. Name two reactants of cellular respiration. _________________ and _________________
53. Name three products of cellular respiration. _______________________________________________________
54. Name the two phases of photosynthesis, tell where they occur and what happens in each phase. ____________
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55. Name the three phases of cellular respiration, tell where they occur and what happens in each phase. ________
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56. What is fermentation, and what are the two types?_________________________________________________
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57. What are the three main parts of the cell cycle? Briefly explain what happens in each stage. ________________
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58. Name and describe the four stages of mitosis._____________________________________________________
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59. How does plant cell division differ from animal cell division? __________________________________________
60. What is the difference between chromatin, chromosomes and chromatids? ______________________________
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61. Define the term cancer _______________________________________________________________________
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