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2nd
STUDY GUIDE
QUARTER BIOLOGY DEPT. FINAL
DIAGRAMS/CHARTS:
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Mutations (Chromosome/Gene)
DNA (Label different parts to DNA)
Translation (RNA making protein)
How to use both types of Codon Chart
MITOSIS & MEIOSIS (Sections 10-2, 10-3, and 11-4)
1. What is the longest phase of the cell cycle? (p. 245)
2. What is made at the end of mitosis (how many and type)? (p. 248)
3. Briefly describe what happens in meiosis I: (p.276-277)
a. Prophase I=
b. Metaphase I=
c. Anaphase I=
d. TelophaseI=
4. Briefly describe what happens in each phase of mitosis: (P. 246—247)
a. Prophase=
b. Metaphase=
c. Anaphase=
d. Telophase=
5. What are the differences between mitosis and meiosisII? (notes)
6. How many and what type of cells are produced in meiosis? (p.276)
7. What cells and where in the body does mitosis occur (hint: somatic or sex cells)?(notes)
8. What cells and where in the body does meiosis occur? (use the hint from #7) (notes)
9. What are gametes?(p.266)
10.
How many chromosomes from each parent? (p. 341 & 342)
11.
How is a zygote produced? (p. 1009)
12.
What two phases produce genetic diversity? (p. 276, 277 & notes)
13.
What is the process of meiosis called in females? Males? (p. 278 & notes)
14.
What do you call the exchange of genetic information between homologous
chromosomes (prophase I)? (p. 277)
Genetic Introduction Material (chapters 11, 12-4, & 14)
15.
What is heredity? (notes)
16.
What is a genotype? (p. 268)
17.
What is a phenotype? (glossary)
18.
What is an allele? (glossary)
19.
What does heterozygous mean? (glossary)
20.
What does homozygous mean? (glossary)
21.
What is a dominant allele and what type of letter is used?(notes)
22.
What is a recessive allele and what type of letter is used?(notes)
23.
What is a male genotype? Female?(p. 342)
DNA, RNA, & Protein Synthesis (sections 12-1 to 12-4)
24.
What is the shape and components of DNA? (p. 293)
25.
What is the shape and components of mRNA? (p. 300-301)
26.
What is tRNA? (p. 300-301)
27.
What is rRNA? (p. 300-301)
28.
What is the pairing of DNA nucleotides? (p.294)
29.
What is the pairing of mRNA to DNA nucleotides? (p. 301)
30.
What is a codon? Anticodon? (p.302-305)
31.
What is the order of protein synthesis? (p.302-306) include translation,
assembly line, completing the Polypeptide, & transcription)
32.
What are the start and stop codons and what process do they help with? (p.302303)
33.
What is replication and where does it occur?(p. 297-299 & 246)
34.
What is and where does transcription occur?(p. 301 & 304-305)
35.
What is translation and where does it occur? (p.301-303)
36.
Where in the cell and how is protein synthesized? (p. 302-306 & notes)
37.
Briefly define the sequence mutations?(p. 307)
a. Point mutation=
b. Frameshift mutation=
38.
Are all mutations bad? (p. 308)
39.
Thymine is in ____________ and replaced with
___________ on the _______________strand. (p. 297-299 & 302)
40.
Write the complementary strand to the strand of DNA shown under the process
of REPLICATION. (p. 295)
ATTCCGTCAAA
41.
Write the complementary strand of DNA shown under the process of
TRANSCRIPTION. (p. 301-301)
ATTCCGTCAAA
40.