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Question 1 Cell theory includes the principle that A) cells are the smallest living things. Nothing smaller than a cell is considered alive. B) all cells are surrounded by cell walls that protect them. C) all organisms are made up of many cells arranged in specialized, functional groups. D) all cells are made of smaller subunits called organelles. Nothing smaller than an organelle is considered alive. Question 2 The plasma membrane A) is a carbohydrate layer that surrounds groups of cells, called tissues, to protect them. B) is a double lipid layer with proteins inserted in it, which surrounds every cell individually. C) is a thin sheet of structural proteins that lines the inside of some body cavities. D) is composed of blood plasma that has solidified into a protective barrier. Question 3 Organisms that have cells with a relatively uniform cytoplasm and no organelles are called ______________, and organisms whose cells do have organelles and a nucleus are called ______________ . A) cellulose, nuclear B) flagellated, streptococcal C) eukaryotes, prokaryotes D) prokaryotes, eukaryotes Question 4 Within the nucleus of a cell you can find A) a nucleolus. B) many ribosomes. C) a cytoskeleton. D) all of the above. Question 5 The endomembrane system within a cell includes A) the cytoskeleton and the ribosomes. B) the prokaryotes and the eukaryotes. C) the endoplasmic reticulum and the golgi bodies. D) the mitochondria and the chloroplasts. Question 6 Until fairly recently it was thought that only the nucleus of each cell contained DNA. We now know that DNA is also carried in the A) cytoskeleton and the ribosomes. B) the prokaryotes and the eukaryotes. C) the endoplasmic reticulum and the golgi bodies. D) the mitochondria and the chloroplasts. Question 7 Which of the following statements is correct? A) All cells have a cell wall for protection and structure. B) Eukaryotic plants and fungi, and all prokaryotes, have a cell wall. C) All cells have a second membrane composed of structural carbohydrates. D) Prokaryotes and all eukaryotic animal cells have a cell wall. Question 8 If you put a drop of food coloring into a glass of water, the drop of color will A) fall to the bottom of the glass and sit there unless you stir the water; this is because of hydrogen bonds. B) float on the top of the water, like oil, unless you stir the water; this is because of surface tension. C) instantly disperse throughout the water; this is because of osmosis. D) slowly disperse throughout the water; this is because of diffusion. Question 9 When large molecules such as food particles need to get into a cell, they cannot easily pass through the surface membrane and so they move across the membrane through the processes of A) diffusion and osmosis. B) endocytosis and phagocytosis. C) exocytosis and pinocytosis. D) permeability and reception. Question 10 Active transport of certain molecules involves A) diffusion and osmosis. B) endocytosis and phagocytosis. C) energy and specialized pumps or channels. D) permeability and reception. Question 1 Robert Hooke first described cells by looking at thin slices of_____________________. A) honeycomb. B) skin. C) cork. D) bacteria. Question 2 What limits cell size? A) Surface-to-volume ratio. B) Speed of movement of materials from the middle to the periphery of the cell. C) The bigger the cell, the less access there is from the exterior of the cell to the inside of the cell. D) All of the above limit cell size. Question 3 Which of the following structures contain microtubules? A) cilia B) flagella C) centrioles D) all of the above Question 4 Chromosomes_____________________. A) are located in the nucleus. B) contain DNA. C) are only visible at certain times with a light microscope. D) all of the above characterize chromosomes Question 5 The smooth endoplasmic reticulum ________________. A) synthesizes minerals. B) synthesizes carbohydrates and lipids. C) functions as structural support for the cell. D) synthesizes ribosomes. Question 6 The net movement of molecules down a concentration gradient is__________________. A) osmosis. B) osmotic pressure. C) diffusion. D) exocytosis. Question 7 Which of the following can move freely across a plasma membrane? A) sugar B) protein C) urea D) water Question 8 A red blood cell placed in pure water will burst Because______________. A) osmotic pressure increases inside the cell. B) the solution surrounding the cell is hypotonic. C) the cell is hypertonic. D) all of the above Question 9 Which one of the following terms is not related to a substance entering a cell? A) endocytosis B) exocytosis C) phagocytosis D) pinocytosis Question 10 Movement of molecules through channels in the plasma membrane in only one direction by the expenditure of energy is____________. A) osmosis. B) diffusion. C) active transport. D) facilitated diffusion. Question 11 Detoxification of potentially dangerous oxidizing moelcules occurs within the lysosome. A) True B) False Question 12 The Golgi complex synthesizes proteins. A) True B) False Question 13 Energy for the cell is generated by the mitochondrion. A) True B) False Question 14 Chloroplasts are found only in plants. A) True B) False Question 15 Cell vacuoles are comprised of empty space. A) True B) False Question 16 Cell walls in plants are composed of cellulose. A) True B) False Question 17 The chemical reactions of photosynthesis occur on the membranes of the mitochondrion. A) True B) False Question 18 Some cell surface proteins respond to chemical signals called hormones. A) True B) False Question 19 Prior to replication the DNA in the nucleus is in the form of a tangled mass called chromatin. A) True B) False Question 20 Diffusion is the movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane which continues until equilibrium has been reached. A) True B) False