Download GUIDED STUDY WORKBOOK

GUIDED STUDY WORKBOOK
(PAGE 9) 5. List the three points of the cell theory.
a. All living things are composed of cells.
b. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living
things.
c. All cells are produced from other cells.
(PAGE 10) 1. What are organelles? They are tiny cell structures inside a
cell that carry out specific functions within the cell.
2. The rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds plant
cells is the cell wall.
3. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about the cell
wall. a. cell walls are made of cellulose; b. Plant cells have
cell walls.
4. Where is the cell membrane located in cells that have cell
walls? The cell membrane is just inside the cell wall.
6. The cell’s control center, which directs all of the cell’s
activities, is the nucleus.
(PAGE 11) 9. Mitochondria – Produce most of the energy the cell needs to
carry out its functions.
Endoplasmic Reticulum – Carries proteins and other
materials from one part of the cell to another.
Ribosomes – Produce proteins
Golgi bodies – Receive proteins and other materials from the
endoplasmic reticulum, package them, and send them to other parts of the
cell.
Chloroplasts – Found only in plant cells; capture energy from
sunlight and use it to make food for the cell.
Vacuoles – Are the storage areas of the cell.
Lysosomes – Contain chemicals that break down large food
particles into smaller ones and break down old cell parts.
(PAGE 15) 1. An element is any substance that cannot be broken down into
simpler substances. Its smallest unit is the atom.
2. When two or more elements combine chemically, they form
a compound. Its smallest unit is called a molecule.
3. Organic Compounds contain Carbon which includes
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acid.
(PAGE 16) 5. Substances that form parts of cell membranes and many of
the cell’s organelles are proteins.
6. What small molecules make up proteins? Amino acids
7. What do enzymes do? They speed up chemical reactions in
living things.
8. An energy-rich organic compound made of carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen is a carbohydrate.
9. The following sentence is true – Plant cells store excess
energy as starch.
10.How do cells use carbohydrates? Cells use carbohydrates
for energy and as components of some cell parts.
11.Three examples of lipids are fats, oils, and waxes.
12.How are lipids like carbohydrates? Both are energy-rich
organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
13.Cells store energy in lipids to use later.
14.Very large organic molecules that contain instructions that
cells need to function are called nucleic acids.
15.List the two kinds of nucleic acid. a. DNA and b. RNA
(PAGE 17) 1. The cell membrane is selectively permeable, which means
that some things can pass through it while others cannot.
2. Name three ways that substances can move into and out of
a cell. Diffusion, osmosis, and active transport.
(PAGE 18) 4. In diffusion, molecules move from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lover concentration.
5. Draw molecules on Part B of the diagram below to show
how the molecules are distributed inside and outside the cell after diffusion
has occurred. (Molecules are evenly distributed both inside and outside the
cell).
6. In osmosis, water molecules diffuse through a selectively
permeable membrane.
(PAGE 19) 10. Two ways of moving things into and out of cells that do not
need energy are diffusion and osmosis. Moving materials through a cell
membrane without using energy is called passive transport.
11. How does active transport differ from passive transport?
Active transport requires the cell to use energy while
passive transport does not.
12. List two ways that the cell moves things by active transport.
a. Transfer proteins carry molecules into and out of the
cell.
b. The cell membrane engulfs a particle.