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Study Guide Cells Unit Test Matching. Write the letter of the correct response on the line. You may use the responses more than once. A. proteins B. simple carbohydrates C. complex carbohydrates D. lipids _____ 1. Source of quick energy for cells. _____ 2. Steak, chicken, turkey. _____ 3. Starch _____ 4. DNA holds the instructions for making these _____ 5. Source of slow burning energy _____ 6. May be stored as fat; repels water _____ 7. Apples, pears, and grapefruit _____ 8. Made of amino acids _____ 9. Used by body to repair or build new parts such as hair, nails or muscles. _____ 10. Carbohydrates such as bread, pasta, or baked potatoes. 11. How are cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems related? (List how each is related to the next, i.e. tissues are made of cells that work together, organs are…) 12. Define homeostasis. Describe an example of how your body maintains homeostasis. 13. List 5 characteristics shared by all living things. ________________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ 14. Compare a plant cell to an animal cell. Name 3 differences between plant and animal cells. Name 3 similarities between plant and animal cells. a. ____________________________________ a. ____________________________________ b. ____________________________________ b. ____________________________________ c. ____________________________________ c. ____________________________________ 15. You discover an organism that has 15 different kinds of cells, contains 4 organs, and 2 organ systems. You can conclude that this new organism is: a. unicellular b. multicellular c. prokaryotic d. in the plant kingdom Match the cell to the description. Some choices will be used more than once. A. Animal Cell B. Plant Cell C. Bacterial Cell ______ 16. Which will do cellular respiration? ______ 17. Which produces lactic acid if it is overworked? ______ 18. Which will do photosynthesis and cellular respiration? ______ 19. Prokaryotic ______ 20. Eukaryotic 21. Which process do ALL human cells do? (Photosynthesis, Fermentation, or Cellular Respiration) _____________________________________________________________________ 22. Write the function for each organelle: Cell wall – ___________________________________________________________________________________ Cell membrane – _____________________________________________________________________________ Mitochondria – _______________________________________________________________________________ Ribosomes – ________________________________________________________________________________ Endoplasmic reticulum – ______________________________________________________________________ Golgi Complex_______________________________________________________________________________ Cytoplasm – _________________________________________________________________________________ Nucleus – ___________________________________________________________________________________ Nucleolus – __________________________________________________________________________________ Chloroplast – ________________________________________________________________________________ Vacuoles – __________________________________________________________________________________ DNA – ______________________________________________________________________________________ 23. Provide two examples for each of the following: Cell – (1.)_______________________(2.) ______________________________ Tissue- (1.)______________________(2.) ____________________________ Organ- (1.)_____________________ (2.)_______________________________ Organ System- (1.)___________________________ (2.) ____________________________________ 24. Fill in the following chart for the systems of the body: System of the Body Muscular Skeletal Circulatory Respiratory Nervous Examples of 3 Organs Major Function of the System Match the name of the organelle involved in the following processes. _____ 25. diffusion A. chloroplasts _____ 26. respiration B. nucleus _____ 27. photosynthesis C. mitochondria _____ 28. osmosis D. cell membrane _____ 29. ATP “production” E. vacuole Identify the process described in the following examples. Choose from these words: Osmosis, diffusion, active transport, fermentation, photosynthesis, respiration. 30. spraying perfume ____________________________ 31. smelling vanilla through a balloon ______________________________ 32. raisins becoming plump in water _______________________________ 33. chloroplasts using sunlight to make glucose __________________________ 34. mitochondria using glucose and oxygen ________________________________ 35. lactic acid building in your muscles ____________________________________ 36. Discuss the following: a. Active transportb. Endocytosisc. Exocytosis- 37. Write the equation for cellular respiration. 38. Write the equation for photosynthesis. 39. How are photosynthesis and respiration related? 40. Why would a muscle or yeast cell need to do fermentation? 41. Besides osmosis and diffusion, what are 2 other ways that cells can move materials in and out of the cell? 42. Identify the functions of the following parts of a microscope: a. Course Adjustmentb. Eyepiecec. Scanning Objectived. Diaphragme. Fine Adjustment- 43. Look at the following diagrams. Draw arrows to indicate where molecules are moving. Which molecules are moving? ______________________ Which molecule can not move? ______________________ Iodine & Water This is an example of ____________________________. Starch & Water Which molecules are moving? _________________________ Draw arrows to indicate where molecules are moving. Iodine This is an example of __________________________________ Iodine Which molecules are moving? ______________________ Draw arrows to indicate where molecules are moving. Sugar & Water Water This is an example of ______________________________. Read the following scenario and answer the questions that follow. Nick’s mother packed him sliced apples in his lunch everyday. Nick was disappointed when he would open his lunch and find brown, mushy apples. Nick decided that he would try to find a way to keep his sliced apples crisp and white. He packed apple slices 3 different ways and recorded his observations in the chart below. Appearance Texture Apple Slices brown Soft and mushy Apple slice & ¼ cup sugar water white crisp Apple slice & ¼ cup sugar white soft and mushy 44. What was the control in the experiment? 45. What was the independent variable? 46. What was the dependent variable? 47. Using your knowledge of diffusion, explain why the apple slice was crisp with stored in sugar water but soft when stored in sugar. 48. Label the diagram.