* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Human Blood Type Genetics
Gene nomenclature wikipedia , lookup
Human genome wikipedia , lookup
Epigenetics of diabetes Type 2 wikipedia , lookup
Therapeutic gene modulation wikipedia , lookup
Pharmacogenomics wikipedia , lookup
Oncogenomics wikipedia , lookup
Epigenetics of neurodegenerative diseases wikipedia , lookup
Heritability of IQ wikipedia , lookup
Gene desert wikipedia , lookup
X-inactivation wikipedia , lookup
Long non-coding RNA wikipedia , lookup
Dominance (genetics) wikipedia , lookup
Site-specific recombinase technology wikipedia , lookup
Public health genomics wikipedia , lookup
Pathogenomics wikipedia , lookup
Nutriepigenomics wikipedia , lookup
History of genetic engineering wikipedia , lookup
Polycomb Group Proteins and Cancer wikipedia , lookup
Gene expression programming wikipedia , lookup
Essential gene wikipedia , lookup
Artificial gene synthesis wikipedia , lookup
Genome evolution wikipedia , lookup
Quantitative trait locus wikipedia , lookup
Designer baby wikipedia , lookup
Microevolution wikipedia , lookup
Genome (book) wikipedia , lookup
Genomic imprinting wikipedia , lookup
Ridge (biology) wikipedia , lookup
Epigenetics of human development wikipedia , lookup
Minimal genome wikipedia , lookup
Human Blood Type Genetics Most blood group genes are co-dominant. For example, in the ABO system, A and B genes are co-dominant. Many blood group antigens are indirect gene products. For example, A and B antigens are carbohydrates. Their genes produce proteins (enzymes) called transferases which transfer sugars from carrier molecules to acceptor molecules. Usually if a gene is present, its corresponding antigen will be present. Almost all blood group genes are inherited on the autosomes. A Punnett Square is used to determine the inheritance possibilities for a particular mating. For example if the mother's genotype (genes) are IAi and the father's genotype (genes) are IBi, you would have the following Punnet square possibilities. In this example there three heterozygous possibilities AB, AO, and BO and one homozygous possibility OO IB IA i i IAIB IAi IBi ii In the above Punnett Square, the AB genotype will have both A and B antigens, therefore the phenotype is AB since both are expressed. AO and BO genotypes will demonstrate only the A and the B antigens respectively and therefore the phenotypes are A and B respectively. The individual that is OO will have the O phenotype. A and B genes are dominant, or co-dominant, and the O gene is recessive. The dominant genes will be expressed if present. Recessive genes will only be expressed if they are homozygous. Most Blood Group genes are co-dominant and therefore will be expressed if present.