Download Chapter 10 Section 2 Notes

Chapter 10 Section 2 Notes
Cell Division
Name: ___________________________________ Date: _______________
Period: _____
Objectives:
 Name the main events of the cell cycle.
 Describe what happens during the four phases of mitosis.
Introduction:
 Every cell must first ___________ its _____________ information before cell _____________
begins.
 Each ___________________ cell then gets a complete ____________ of that information.
 In ________________________, cell division occurs in ______________ main stages.
 The first stage, division of the cell nucleus, is call ______________________.
 The second stage, division of the cytoplasm, is called ____________________________.
 Mitosis is the source of ______________ cells when a multicellular organism ______________
and _________________.
Chromosomes:
 In eukaryotic cells, the ______________________information that is passed on from one
generation of cells to the next is carried by _______________________.
 Chromosomes are made up of ____________ – which carries the cell’s coded
________________ information – and ___________________.
 Human cells have ______ chromosomes.
 Well before cell division, each chromosome is replicated, or ______________.
Sister Chromatids
Centromere
 Each chromosome consists of __________ identical “sister” ____________________.
 When the cell ________________, the “sister” chromatids ________________ from each other.
 _____________ chromatid goes to each of the ____________ new cells.
 Each _______________ of chromatids is attached at an area called the _______________, which
is usually located near the ________________ of the chromatids.
The Cell Cycle:
 The _____________ ________________ is the series of events that cells go through as they
________________ and ___________________.
 The period of the cell cycle _________________ cell division is called ____________________.
 During the cell cycle, a cell ______________, prepares for _____________, and divides to form
________ daughter cells, each of which then ______________ the cycle again.
 The cell cycle consists of _________________ phases:
 ___________________ and _________________ takes place during the _____ phase.
 Chromosome replication, or ____________________, takes place during the ___ phase.
 ____________________ the M and S phases are _____ and _____. (G stands for
“_______”) These are periods of intense _______________ and _________________.
Events of the Cell Cycle:
 Interphase – Can be quite ________________
 G1 – Cell ____________________ in size and __________________ new proteins and
organelles.
 S – Chromosomes are _____________________ and the synthesis of _______ molecules
takes place. Key proteins associated with chromosomes are ______________________.
 G2 – (__________________ phase in interphase) Many of the organelles and molecules
required for cell division are ___________________.
Mitosis:
 Biologists divide the events of mitosis into _________________ phases: prophase, metaphase,
anaphase, and telophase.
 Each phase may last anywhere from a few ____________________ to several ______________.
Prophase:
 The first and ______________________ phase of mitosis, _________________, can take as
much as 50 to 60 percent of the total time required to complete mitosis.
 During prophase:
 The chromatin ______________ into chromosomes.
 The centrioles __________________, and a spindle begins to _________________.
 The nuclear envelope ______________ down.
Metaphase:
 The second phase of mitosis, ____________________, often lasts only a ___________ minutes.
 During Metaphase:
 The chromosomes __________ _____ across the _____________ of the cell.
 Each chromosome is connected to a _________________ fiber at its _______________.
Anaphase:
 __________________ is the third phase of mitosis.
 During anaphase:
 The sister chromatids _________________ into ________________ chromosomes and
are moved _________________.
Telophase:
 Following anaphase is ____________________, the fourth and final phase of mitosis.
 During telophase:
 The chromosomes ___________________ at _________________ ends of the cell and
_____________ their distinct shapes.
 _______ new nuclear envelopes will ___________.
Cytokinesis:
 Cytokinesis is the final step in the _____ phase.
 It usually occurs at the ____________ time as ________________.
 During cytokinesis:
 The cytoplasm _____________ in _____________.
 Each daughter cell has an __________________set of duplicate ___________________.