Download Cell Structure and Function Notes

Cell Structure and Function Notes
Life Processes
1. made of cells
2. use energy; obtain food (metabolism)
3. grow and develop
4. reproduce
5. respond to their environment or move
6. made of the same chemicals (organic compounds)
The Cell – Notes
Robert Hooke – an English scientist who discovered the cell in 1665. He observed cells in a
thin piece of cork by using a microscope.
Cell Theory
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All living things are composed of one or more cells
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things
New cells are produced from existing cells
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The cell is a factory that produces proteins.
Specialized structures that perform specific functions in the cell are called organelles
(little organ).
Come in a variety of shapes; not flat; some are boxlike; some are spherical; all cells
have some thickness.
Some cells are microscopic; others can be seen with a naked eye
Cells
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Part of Cell
1
Cell Membrane
2
Cytoplasm
3
Nucleus
4
Vacuole
5
Mitochondria
6
Cell Wall
7
Chloroplasts
Function
controls what enters and leaves the cell (fence)
all of the living material outside the nucleus and inside
the cell membrane (shop area)
controls all the activities of the cell - growth and
reproduction
chromosomes found in the nucleus – contain the
blueprints of the cell (control center)
storage area for food, water and waste products
(storage area)
uses food to make high energy compounds for the
cell (power plant)
only found in plant cells; supports and protects the
cell; made of cellulose (non-living)
only found in plant cells; uses energy from sunlight to
make food molecules through photosynthesis
(cafeteria)
Plant Cell
Key
Brown
Cell Parts and Functions
Cell membrane: controls movement of materials into and out of cell
Blue
Vacuole: storage compartment for water and other substances
Red
Mitochondrion: releases the chemical energy from food
Green
Chloroplast: produces food for the cell by photosynthesis
Purple
Nucleus: controls activities of the cell and contains DNA
Yellow
Cytoplasm: fills the cell with a jellylike substance
Orange
Cell wall: provides rigid support for the plant cell
Animal Cell
Key
Brown
Cell Parts and Functions
Cell membrane: controls movement of materials into and out of cell
Blue
Vacuole: storage compartment for water and other substances
Red
Mitochondrion: releases the chemical energy from food
Purple
Nucleus: controls activities of the cell and contains DNA
Yellow
Cytoplasm: fills the cell with a jellylike substance