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Name _________________________________ Period _____ Student Exploration: Cell Structures Exploration Guide Note: You need to be registered at ExploreLearning and for your particular Biology class. Get the class code if you need it. Goals: How do cells work? What are the parts of cells? What do the parts do? In this activity you will find out about the cell structures (parts) and their functions (jobs). Follow the directions contained in the on-line activity. As you work on this activity, remember your goal is not just to fill in the blanks, but to _____________ as you go! Part A. Prior Knowledge Questions (Answer these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) 1. What are some of the structures inside a cell that help it to live and perform its role in an organism? ________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 2. How do you think plant cells differ from animal cells? (Hint: What can plants do that animals cannot?) _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ Vocabulary to learn: cell wall, centriole, chloroplast, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosome, mitochondria, nuclear envelope, nucleolus, nucleus, organelle, plasma membrane, plastid, ribosome, vacuole, vesicle Part B: Gizmo Warm-up The Cell Structure Gizmo™ allows you to look at typical animal and plant cells under a microscope. To start, click Sample to take a sample of an animal cell. Use the Zoom slider to see the cell at a magnification of 1000x (1000 times larger than normal). 1. Use the up/down and left/right sliders to manipulate the cell. Find the red arrow pointing to the centrioles. Make a sketch of the centrioles in the box to the right. 2. Read the description of the centrioles. What is their function? ________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ Part C Get the Gizmo ready: Animal cells Check that an Animal cell is mounted on the microscope. Set the Zoom to 500x. Question: Organelles are specialized structures that perform various functions in the cell. What are the functions of the organelles in an animal cell? 1. Label: Locate each organelle in the animal cell. Label the organelles in the diagram below. 2. Match: Read about each organelle. Then match each organelle to its function/description. ____ Cytoplasm A. Structure that organizes motion of chromosomes. ____ Lysosome B. Stack of membranes that packages chemicals. ____ Mitochondria C. Membrane that protects the nucleus. ____ Centriole D. Membrane that surrounds and protects the cell. ____ Endoplasmic reticulum E. Sac filled with digestive chemicals. ____ Vacuole F. Structures that converts nutrients to energy. ____ Plasma membrane G. Passageways where chemicals are made. ____ Nucleus H. Jelly-like substance within the plasma membrane. ____ Ribosome I. Structure that manufactures ribosomes. ____ Nuclear envelope J. Structure that contains DNA and directs the cell. ____ Golgi apparatus K. Package created by the Golgi apparatus. ____ Vesicle L. Small structure that synthesizes proteins. ____ Nucleolus M. Sac that stores water, nutrients, or waste products. Part D: Plant cells Get the Gizmo ready: Select View plant cell, and click Sample. Set the Zoom to 500x. Question: What functions do the organelles in a plant cell perform? 1. Label: Locate each organelle in the plant cell. Neatly label the organelles in the diagram below. 2. Compare: What structures are present in an animal cell, but not in a plant cell? __________ _________________________________________________________________________ What structures are present in a plant cell, but not in an animal cell? __________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 3. Fill in: Name the organelle or organelles that perform each of the following functions. A. _____________________ convert sunlight to chemical energy. B. The _____________________ and the _____________________ help to support the plant cell and help it to maintain its shape. C. _____________________ store food or pigments. D. The _____________________ converts food into energy. It is found in both plant cells and animal cells. 4. What are organelles? ____________________________________________________ Part E: What did you learn? Show it. Name _________________ Per____ What did you learn about the parts of the cell (structures) & their jobs (functions - what each part does) 1. Without looking back, complete as much as the chart below that you can. Of the 16 cell parts listed, how many did you explain completely without looking back? Score _____/ 16 2. After you have gone as far as you can and indicated your score, you may look back & add to your work, make and extra effort to LEARN the names of the cell parts, their structures and functions. Cell Part Plasma Membrane Cytoplasm Endoplasmic Reticulum Ribosome Mitochondria Golgi Apparatus Vesicle Lysosome Centriole Vacuole Nucleus Nucleolus Nuclear Envelope in Eukaryotic Cell Nuclear Envelope in Prokaryotic Cell Cell Wall Chloroplasts Function/Location/Structure