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THE IMPORTANCE OF
LISTENING
• Our academic success, employment
achivement and personal happiness may
depend on our ability to listen efficiently.
• Listening is an important method for learning
at all academic levels.
THE LISTENING PROCESS
• Hearing is a biological activity that involves
reception of a message through sensory channels.
• Listening is a process that involves;
- reception,
- attention,
- perception,
- the assignment of meaning,
- the listener’s response to the message presented.
Reception
• The first step in the listening process is the reception
of a stimulus or message- both the auditory and visual
message.
• The hearing process is based on a complex set of
physical interactions between the ear and the brain.
• Besides using the hearing mechanism, we listen
through our visual system. We observe a person’s
facial expression, posture, movement and appearence
which provide important cues that may not be obvious
by listening to the verbal part of the message.
Attention
 Role of Attention
In listening, attention represents the focus on a specific
stimulus selected from all the stimuli received at any
moment.
Attention to a stimuli occurs in a person’s short-term
memory system.
The listener’s ability to focus attention is limited.
Role of Concentration
Motivation plays an important role in activating
this skill.
Two factors that affect listening concentration
are;
- interest level and
- difficulty of the message
Role of Paraphrasing
Making a summary of the ideas we have just
received.
Paraphrasing will help you determine
whether you understand the material
Perception
• During the act of perception, a person takes
the material received and attempts to
evaluate what has been input.
• As we listen to information, our perceptual
filter strains the information to which we are
listening through our background, culture,
experience, role, mental and physical state,
beliefs, attitudes and values.
• The process of narrowing our attention to
specific bits or pieces of information is
referred to as selective perception.
Assignment of Meaning
 Role of Assigning Meaning
We develop mental categories for interpreting the
messages we receive
 Role of Global / Linear Thinking / Listening
The brain dominance accounts for learning and
listening.
The left hemisphere of the brain is most responsible
for rational, logical, sequential, linear and abstract
thinking.
They are Linear learners / listeners.
• The right hemisphere of the brain is
responsible for intuitive, spatial, visual and
concrete matters.
• They prefer generalized description than
specific description.
• They are labeled as Global listeners /
learners.
• Most people are a combination of global and
linear learners and listeners. These people are
more flexible while listening and learning.
• A strategy useful to listeners in assigning
meaning to messages is to differentiate
factual statements from opinions.
• And also we must recognize what our
emotional biases are and how those biases
affect interpretations of messages.
Role of Culture in Listening
A person’s culture also influences the
listening and learning process.
Role of Evaluation
One of the greatest barriers to effective
listening is the evaluation stage of the
stimuli we receive.
Active Listening
• requires the listener to feed back what they
hear to the speaker, by way of re-stating
or paraphrasing what they have heard in
their own words, to confirm what they
have heard
• involves the listener observing the
speaker's behavior and body language