Cumming BG, Parker AJ.
... It would have been possible to manipulate the relative disparity between the foreground and background of the RDS simply by changing the disparity of the background region. However, in such an experiment, the absence of an effect of relative disparity would be hard to interpret. It is always possibl ...
... It would have been possible to manipulate the relative disparity between the foreground and background of the RDS simply by changing the disparity of the background region. However, in such an experiment, the absence of an effect of relative disparity would be hard to interpret. It is always possibl ...
Auditory Imagery: Empirical Findings
... in pitch. In a follow-up study, the same participants were presented with several potential starting pitches, one of which was their previously indicated preferred pitch. They rated how acceptable each of those pitches was as a starting pitch for that melody. Interestingly, pitches that were a speci ...
... in pitch. In a follow-up study, the same participants were presented with several potential starting pitches, one of which was their previously indicated preferred pitch. They rated how acceptable each of those pitches was as a starting pitch for that melody. Interestingly, pitches that were a speci ...
Interaction of the Frontal Eye Field and Superior Colliculus for
... Hanes, Doug P. and Robert H. Wurtz. Interaction of the frontal eye field and superior colliculus for saccade generation. J Neurophysiol 85: 804 – 815, 2001. Both the frontal eye field (FEF) in the prefrontal cortex and the superior colliculus (SC) on the roof of the midbrain participate in the gener ...
... Hanes, Doug P. and Robert H. Wurtz. Interaction of the frontal eye field and superior colliculus for saccade generation. J Neurophysiol 85: 804 – 815, 2001. Both the frontal eye field (FEF) in the prefrontal cortex and the superior colliculus (SC) on the roof of the midbrain participate in the gener ...
GLAUCOMA
... medications in preventing or delaying visual field loss and/or optic nerve damage in subjects with ocular hypertension at moderate risk for developing open-angle glaucoma (POAG). ...
... medications in preventing or delaying visual field loss and/or optic nerve damage in subjects with ocular hypertension at moderate risk for developing open-angle glaucoma (POAG). ...
Relating normalization to neuronal populations across cortical areas
... differentiate between these two possibilities by measuring whether neurons that are located near each other in cortex exhibit similar degrees of normalization. ...
... differentiate between these two possibilities by measuring whether neurons that are located near each other in cortex exhibit similar degrees of normalization. ...
Sensors for impossible stimuli may solve the stereo correspondence
... where l is the period of the spatial-frequency channel under consideration, and n is any integer. Thus, a narrow-band population can correctly identify stimulus disparities up to a half-cycle limit27. Combining information from different spatial-frequency channels, in a coarse-tofine scheme22,32, co ...
... where l is the period of the spatial-frequency channel under consideration, and n is any integer. Thus, a narrow-band population can correctly identify stimulus disparities up to a half-cycle limit27. Combining information from different spatial-frequency channels, in a coarse-tofine scheme22,32, co ...
the Report - The Lasker Foundation
... acuity is key to obtaining the proper diagnosis. Older children will read an eye chart as ably as a literate adult, but in preschool children commonly used alternatives include the HOTV test (in which only four letters are offered, and a child is allowed to match the letters with a card held in the ...
... acuity is key to obtaining the proper diagnosis. Older children will read an eye chart as ably as a literate adult, but in preschool children commonly used alternatives include the HOTV test (in which only four letters are offered, and a child is allowed to match the letters with a card held in the ...
Functional Microarchitecture of Cat Primary Visual Cortex
... the neurons’ responses to that of the local field potential (LFP) recorded in close vicinity. We found that preferred direction, preferred orientation, and orientation tuning width were more clustered than would be expected from a random distribution. However, preferred phase, direction selectivity, ...
... the neurons’ responses to that of the local field potential (LFP) recorded in close vicinity. We found that preferred direction, preferred orientation, and orientation tuning width were more clustered than would be expected from a random distribution. However, preferred phase, direction selectivity, ...
A network of topographic numerosity maps in human
... cortical surface. These sensory maps are hierarchically organized. For example, visual field maps contain neurons that represent increasing large parts of visual space with increasingly complex responses1. Some visual neurons respond to stimuli with a particular numerosity, the number of objects in ...
... cortical surface. These sensory maps are hierarchically organized. For example, visual field maps contain neurons that represent increasing large parts of visual space with increasingly complex responses1. Some visual neurons respond to stimuli with a particular numerosity, the number of objects in ...
Different Orientation Tuning of Near- and Far
... al., 1999; Girard et al., 2001) of intra-V1 horizontal axons, instead, suggest they contribute only to near-surround modulation. Surround suppression in the LGN (Sceniak et al., 2006; Alitto and Usrey, 2008) also contributes to near-surround suppression in V1 (Ozeki et al., 2004). In human vision, s ...
... al., 1999; Girard et al., 2001) of intra-V1 horizontal axons, instead, suggest they contribute only to near-surround modulation. Surround suppression in the LGN (Sceniak et al., 2006; Alitto and Usrey, 2008) also contributes to near-surround suppression in V1 (Ozeki et al., 2004). In human vision, s ...
Kobayashi S, Kawagoe R, Takikawa Y, Koizumi M, Sakagami M
... was classified based on 2-way analysis of variance (CUE-dir · RWD-dir, P < 0.01). Activity with and only with a significant main effect of the cue direction was defined as ‘‘CUE-dir type’’. Activity with and only with a significant main effect of the reward-associated direction was defined as ‘‘RWD- ...
... was classified based on 2-way analysis of variance (CUE-dir · RWD-dir, P < 0.01). Activity with and only with a significant main effect of the cue direction was defined as ‘‘CUE-dir type’’. Activity with and only with a significant main effect of the reward-associated direction was defined as ‘‘RWD- ...
Serotonin in the inferior colliculus fluctuates with behavioral state
... hubs mounted on the skull. The recording electrode was lowered into the IC, and the Ag/AgCl reference electrode was lowered until it came into contact with the cerebrospinal fluid. Immediately after electrode placement, mice were returned to their home cage in a sound-attenuated Faraday chamber. Mic ...
... hubs mounted on the skull. The recording electrode was lowered into the IC, and the Ag/AgCl reference electrode was lowered until it came into contact with the cerebrospinal fluid. Immediately after electrode placement, mice were returned to their home cage in a sound-attenuated Faraday chamber. Mic ...
Kaczkurkin_umn_0130E_14221
... A third process by which resistance to extinction could occur was proposed by Eysenck (1976), who suggested the “incubation of fear” theory. According to this account, the CR creates an internal state of fear that functions as the US, thereby impeding extinction. Specifically, Eysenck suggests that ...
... A third process by which resistance to extinction could occur was proposed by Eysenck (1976), who suggested the “incubation of fear” theory. According to this account, the CR creates an internal state of fear that functions as the US, thereby impeding extinction. Specifically, Eysenck suggests that ...
Same Spinal Interneurons Mediate Reflex Actions of Group Ib and
... whether they contribute to movements mediated by commissural interneurons activated by contralaterally descending reticulospinal neurons. Specifically we aimed at investigating whether excitatory and inhibitory commissural interneurons mediating reticulospinal actions located on one side of the spin ...
... whether they contribute to movements mediated by commissural interneurons activated by contralaterally descending reticulospinal neurons. Specifically we aimed at investigating whether excitatory and inhibitory commissural interneurons mediating reticulospinal actions located on one side of the spin ...
C:\Vision\15Higher level Pt 2.wpd
... striate/Vn couple where n$2 denotes the sum of all areas other than V1. In both the PGN/pulvinar and the striate/V$2 couples, it appears the supporting circuits operate in serial because the signals at these orthodromic locations become less and less visuotopic with distance from the retina. They be ...
... striate/Vn couple where n$2 denotes the sum of all areas other than V1. In both the PGN/pulvinar and the striate/V$2 couples, it appears the supporting circuits operate in serial because the signals at these orthodromic locations become less and less visuotopic with distance from the retina. They be ...
The effect of selective attention on auditory frequency
... noise depends largely on the differences in neural level representations of the auditory inputs. The auditory cortex (AC) is tonotopically organized, which means that the frequency information is mapped to the cortical topography. Thus, similar frequencies are processed in close vicinity at AC. The ...
... noise depends largely on the differences in neural level representations of the auditory inputs. The auditory cortex (AC) is tonotopically organized, which means that the frequency information is mapped to the cortical topography. Thus, similar frequencies are processed in close vicinity at AC. The ...
The Role of Temporal Structure in Human Vision
... the visual system derive spatial structure solely on the basis of temporal structure without discontinuities in static properties? and (c) What properties of temporal structure are critical for the visual system to group or segregate visual components? From the outset, we wish to stress the distinct ...
... the visual system derive spatial structure solely on the basis of temporal structure without discontinuities in static properties? and (c) What properties of temporal structure are critical for the visual system to group or segregate visual components? From the outset, we wish to stress the distinct ...
Transitional Probabilities Are Prioritized over Stimulus/Pattern
... surements), were extracted from the continuous sinusoidal tones (white rectangle). Left, The same tone pattern was presented to both ears in the binaural condition. The EEG and separately averaged for each condition two variants are depicted separately at the top and the bottom. Right, Different pat ...
... surements), were extracted from the continuous sinusoidal tones (white rectangle). Left, The same tone pattern was presented to both ears in the binaural condition. The EEG and separately averaged for each condition two variants are depicted separately at the top and the bottom. Right, Different pat ...
Possible cues driving context-specific adaptation of optocollic reflex
... Each stimulus was given in clockwise (cw) and counterclockwise (ccw) directions. A new stimulation was delivered only when the postresponses were finished. The whole body vibration was carried out, at ⬃130 Hz, with a homemade vibrator directly in contact with the holder so that it was mainly applied ...
... Each stimulus was given in clockwise (cw) and counterclockwise (ccw) directions. A new stimulation was delivered only when the postresponses were finished. The whole body vibration was carried out, at ⬃130 Hz, with a homemade vibrator directly in contact with the holder so that it was mainly applied ...
Somatosensory processes subserving perception and action
... been suggested. Brochier et al. (1994) and Rossetti and colleagues proposed that thalamic projections to the PPC, bypassing the APC and the VPL, may be responsible (Rossetti 1998; Rossetti et al. 2001). Brochier et al. (1994) and Rossetti et al. (2001) identified projections from the posterior later ...
... been suggested. Brochier et al. (1994) and Rossetti and colleagues proposed that thalamic projections to the PPC, bypassing the APC and the VPL, may be responsible (Rossetti 1998; Rossetti et al. 2001). Brochier et al. (1994) and Rossetti et al. (2001) identified projections from the posterior later ...
Weak orientation and direction selectivity in lateral geniculate
... found that a majority of neurons in LGN exhibit a center-surround organization, while V1 neurons exhibit strong orientation selectivity and, in many species, direction selectivity. Recent work in the mouse and the monkey has discovered previously unknown classes of orientation- and direction-selecti ...
... found that a majority of neurons in LGN exhibit a center-surround organization, while V1 neurons exhibit strong orientation selectivity and, in many species, direction selectivity. Recent work in the mouse and the monkey has discovered previously unknown classes of orientation- and direction-selecti ...
By ON THE ROLE OF THE SUPERIOR COLLICULUS IN THE CONTROL... VISUALLY-GUIDED SACCADES
... predict how the spatial interactions between neural signals related to visual processing and saccadic preparation interact within the SC to influence saccadic reaction time. I concluded that saccade latency was strongly dependant on the spatial representation and interaction of visual and saccade re ...
... predict how the spatial interactions between neural signals related to visual processing and saccadic preparation interact within the SC to influence saccadic reaction time. I concluded that saccade latency was strongly dependant on the spatial representation and interaction of visual and saccade re ...
THE VISUAL CLAUSTRUM OF THE CAT I. Structure and Connections`
... eyepiece micrometer of an operating microscope focused on the air/oil interface. After completion of the injection, the cat was resuscitated (in all cases, it remained deeply anesthetized for several hours after recovery from paralysis) and allowed to survive for from 1 to 7 days. It was then re-ane ...
... eyepiece micrometer of an operating microscope focused on the air/oil interface. After completion of the injection, the cat was resuscitated (in all cases, it remained deeply anesthetized for several hours after recovery from paralysis) and allowed to survive for from 1 to 7 days. It was then re-ane ...
Fluctuations in Perceptual Decisions Panagiota Theodoni
... sensory stimulation from the conscious visual perception, and therefore providing a gateway to consciousness. How does the brain work when it deals with such ambiguous sensory stimuli? We addressed this question theoretically by employing a biophysically realistic attractor network, by consistently ...
... sensory stimulation from the conscious visual perception, and therefore providing a gateway to consciousness. How does the brain work when it deals with such ambiguous sensory stimuli? We addressed this question theoretically by employing a biophysically realistic attractor network, by consistently ...
The Structure of Pairwise Correlation in Mouse Primary Visual
... coated with a layer of silicon oil. Following surgery, the entire stereotactic apparatus was rotated 60° to position the contralateral eye in front of the display screen. For separate set of animals (n = 3), a survival surgery was performed at least 1 week prior to a single recording session. During ...
... coated with a layer of silicon oil. Following surgery, the entire stereotactic apparatus was rotated 60° to position the contralateral eye in front of the display screen. For separate set of animals (n = 3), a survival surgery was performed at least 1 week prior to a single recording session. During ...