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SUB-REGIONAL WORKSHOP FOR GEF FOCAL POINTS IN EAST & SOUTHERN AFRICA Nairobi, Kenya, 19-21 May 2009 TANZANIA PRESENTATION BY Danial D. Nkondola, Vice President’s Office and Hubert E. Meena, CEEST Foundation ………………………………. Background • The SNC project in Tanzania stated in 2006, is a three year project, to July 2009. However there is an extension to December 2009 • The main components of the project are: – An assessment on the national circumstances – An inventory of greenhouse gases; – An update of analysis of potential measures to mitigate the increase in greenhouse gas emissions in Tanzania; – An assessment of potential impacts of climate change on sectors of the economy of Tanzania and adaptation measures; – An assessment of research needs and systematic observation – Preparation of the SNC document of Tanzania and submission to the UNFCCC Secretariat. • In addition, public awareness activities and stakeholder consultations are taken to be cross-cutting along the overall course of this exercise. • The preparation of the SNC is expected to enhance general awareness and knowledge on climate change related issues in Tanzania, and help into highly taking them into account in the process of national planning and policy. Key players Centre for Energy, Environment, science and Technology (CEEST) Foundation Which is the National Project Coordinator for the preparation of the Second National Communications (SNC) to the UNFCCC Division of Environment, Vice President’s Office Which is the national focal point in Tanzania for the UNFCCC and GEF OPF and overall incharge of the SNC process Other ministries Include Ministries of Energy and Minerals, Water and Irrigation, Agriculture and Food Security, Natural resources and Tourism and Industries and Trade, which provided data and other inputs to the SNC process. NGOs and Research Organization Which have participated actively and provided data and other inputs to the SNC, including, TATEDO, TASEA, JET, EPMS, African Links, TIRDO, UDSM, TMA, COSTECH etc. Institutional framework for SNC Vice President’s Office Division of Environment National Climate Change Committee CEEST NPC Financial and technical support UNEP GEF Others Research Teams GHG Inventory Working Group Mitigation Options/Plan Working Group Vulnerability Assessment and Adaptation Working Group Local collaborating institutions Government ministries Universities Public and private firms NGOs CBOs Others Cross-cutting and policy issues Working Group Results and Achievements • Development of Climate change scenarios (completed) – The study conclude that, the analysis of rainfall and temperature trends over the period 1961 – 2005 has indicated a significant positive temperature trend throughout the country. A negative rainfall trend was also observed for all stations; however those trends were not significant. – The results for future climate scenarios for Tanzania suggest that, warming of up to 3 degree Centigrade under 2xCO2 is expected over the western parts of Tanzania, gradually decreasing eastwards. – The development of climate change scenarios provided inputs to other sectors for vulnerability and adaptation assessment in the respective sectors. • GHG Inventory studies (completed) – The GHG inventory contains five modules (energy, agriculture, waste, LULUCF, and industrial processes). – The GHG inventory reported on estimates of aggregated GHG emissions and removals expressed in CO2 equivalent. In addition, indicators such as CO2/GDP and CO2/Capita have been estimated mainly for comparability purposes. – The leading sector for GHG emission is LULUCF, followed by Energy, Agriculture, waste management then industry Results and Achievements cont.. • Vulnerability and adaptation studies (completed) – The assessment consisted on the study of the expected climate change and its impact to the relevant sectors. – A set of adaptation options for the Tanzania’s sectors of the economy have been developed. A long list of sector-specific adaptation options is developed by taking into account two main objectives identified, as: (i) promotion of sustainable development, and (ii) the reduction of vulnerability. – The sectors covered are Health, Energy, Water, Forestry, wildlife and Tourism, Agriculture, Costal resources, Rangelands and livestock • Systematic Observations (completed) – Climate monitoring, detection, attribution and climate change research and applications require historical observational data from sources that are well distributed across the country. – The aim of this exercise was to assess the capacity of Tanzania Meteorological Agency (TMA) to participate in systematic climate data observation and station networks. – Looking into how TMA participate in international observation system to enable the country have reliable data for climate change scenarios development and subsequent application for the assessment of vulnerability and adaptation to climate change impacts on various sectors of the economy. Results and Achievements cont.. • GHG Mitigation studies (on going) – Tanzania is not required to take on emission reduction commitments, voluntary undertaking of climate change mitigation and assessment could provide ancillary benefits for sustainable development, such as; – Particulate pollution reduction, – Increase in technological efficiency and effectiveness, – Improvements in the health, security and safety, – Availability of security of power supply, – Reduction in air pollution and road congestion when a shift from private to mass public transport takes place succeed, – Increase of economic growth, – Reduction in poverty particularly in the rural areas, increase in employment resulting from mitigation projects and thus can lead to sustainable development. – Thus all the proposed mitigation measure/options are designed or tailored to achieving the above mentioned sustainable development benefits • Other on going studies for SNC are as follows; – – – – – Final updating of the National Circumstances Updating relevant information on Environmentally sound technologies Updating relevant information on Education, Training and Public Awareness Updating relevant information on Research and early warning Constraints and gaps, related financial, technical and capacity needs Lessons learnt and recommendations • • • • • • SNC has strengthened capacity that is already built, and Capacity-building and training should be maintained. This is for both institutional and individual capacity building. The National Communications Process has taken place within an existing institutional framework which should be strengthened in order to ensure continuity; Policy and decision makers have been involved since the inception of the SNC process which was vital for climate change mainstreaming in development and planning process. Existing developmental policies, plans and strategies have been taken on board when addressing climate change mitigation and adaptation. Compared to the INC, the SNC has placed greater emphasis on relevant policies on mitigation and adaptation to climate change and the results of their implementation, so as to enable Tanzania to effectively address climate change in the process of pursuing national and sectoral sustainable development. There is continuing need for the UNEP/GEF to continue providing technical guidance and advice on the preparation of NCs, to advise on capacitybuilding, to facilitate the exchange of information, and to advise on efforts to mainstream climate change issues into development planning process Constraints or Challenges faced • Institutional and public awareness of climate change issues is low. Hence more awareness raising campaigns for institutional, public and policy makers needed. • Lack of appropriate/quality data – the need to establish database that will allow easy updating of information on a regular basis • Lack of enabling sectoral policies and plans to mainstream and integrate climate change issues in the development planning process • During the SNC process there were inadequacy training or capacity building compared to the INC process, where National Climate Change Teams presented their findings and shared experience at regional and international levels.