Climate Change Effects and Adaptation Approaches in Marine and
... Implications of climate change for ecosystems, habitats, and species Climate change effects, independently or in combination, are fundamentally altering ocean ecosystems. 65 Effects on habitats (habitat loss and transition) and species (invasive species interactions, range shifts and phenological de ...
... Implications of climate change for ecosystems, habitats, and species Climate change effects, independently or in combination, are fundamentally altering ocean ecosystems. 65 Effects on habitats (habitat loss and transition) and species (invasive species interactions, range shifts and phenological de ...
taking stock - Oxfam International
... for each indicative outcome area provide a wealth of insights and learning; it is impossible to do justice to the analysis that they provide. Transformational change takes time. Each of the outcome areas addresses questions of transformational change. Being complex and multi-layered in nature this t ...
... for each indicative outcome area provide a wealth of insights and learning; it is impossible to do justice to the analysis that they provide. Transformational change takes time. Each of the outcome areas addresses questions of transformational change. Being complex and multi-layered in nature this t ...
REDD+ politics in the media - Center for International Forestry
... Several events have shaped the development of REDD+ in Tanzanian media coverage. The REDD+ policy process in Tanzania started after the Conference of Parties (COP2 13) in Bali in 2007 (Bali Action Plan) when Norway launched its international climate and forest initiative; the Royal Norwegian Embassy ...
... Several events have shaped the development of REDD+ in Tanzanian media coverage. The REDD+ policy process in Tanzania started after the Conference of Parties (COP2 13) in Bali in 2007 (Bali Action Plan) when Norway launched its international climate and forest initiative; the Royal Norwegian Embassy ...
Effects of climate change on infectious diseases
... Other global change phenomena which can impact prevalence of infectious diseases • Prosperity. • Demographics. • Movement of people and goods. ...
... Other global change phenomena which can impact prevalence of infectious diseases • Prosperity. • Demographics. • Movement of people and goods. ...
ozone pollution - the ICP Vegetation
... stomatal pores on leaves. This for instance enables plants to fix CO2 for photosynthesis and hence growth, and to transpire for the adjustment of the internal water balance. The more open the stomata are, the more CO2 and ozone will enter the plant and the more water will transpire. Ozone entering t ...
... stomatal pores on leaves. This for instance enables plants to fix CO2 for photosynthesis and hence growth, and to transpire for the adjustment of the internal water balance. The more open the stomata are, the more CO2 and ozone will enter the plant and the more water will transpire. Ozone entering t ...
Report of the investigation into ABARE`s external funding of climate
... would have been more appropriately characterised at the outset as ‘sponsors committees for funding representatives’. • However, the use of the term ‘Steering Committee’, and the associated explanation as to its role, allowed an ambiguity and a creation of an expectation of membership influence on is ...
... would have been more appropriately characterised at the outset as ‘sponsors committees for funding representatives’. • However, the use of the term ‘Steering Committee’, and the associated explanation as to its role, allowed an ambiguity and a creation of an expectation of membership influence on is ...
Drought in the United States: Causes and Current Understanding
... drought classifications. The report briefly describes periods of drought in the country’s past that equaled or exceeded drought conditions experienced during the 20th century. This description is followed by a discussion of the nature and extent of recent droughts that affected Texas and the U.S. mi ...
... drought classifications. The report briefly describes periods of drought in the country’s past that equaled or exceeded drought conditions experienced during the 20th century. This description is followed by a discussion of the nature and extent of recent droughts that affected Texas and the U.S. mi ...
Drought in the United States: Causes and Current Understanding Peter Folger
... drought classifications. The report briefly describes periods of drought in the country’s past that equaled or exceeded drought conditions experienced during the 20th century. This description is followed by a discussion of the nature and extent of recent droughts that affected Texas and the U.S. mi ...
... drought classifications. The report briefly describes periods of drought in the country’s past that equaled or exceeded drought conditions experienced during the 20th century. This description is followed by a discussion of the nature and extent of recent droughts that affected Texas and the U.S. mi ...
The dependence of clear-sky outgoing long
... the correlation tends to be negative, showing that changes in atmospheric structure act to counteract the direct AT, contribution to changing clear-sky OLR in Eq. (4). In these regions the simulated clear-sky OLR decreases with increasing T,,constituting a potentially unstable feedback. This has bee ...
... the correlation tends to be negative, showing that changes in atmospheric structure act to counteract the direct AT, contribution to changing clear-sky OLR in Eq. (4). In these regions the simulated clear-sky OLR decreases with increasing T,,constituting a potentially unstable feedback. This has bee ...
IOC Sub-Commission for the Western Pacific Seventh Session
... At the opening ceremony, YG BHG Dato’ Abdul Hanan Alang Endut, Secretary General, MOSTI, Malaysia, welcomed delegates from various countries and international organizations and programmes to the Session. He recalled the participation of his country in the IOC Sub-Commission for the Western Pacific s ...
... At the opening ceremony, YG BHG Dato’ Abdul Hanan Alang Endut, Secretary General, MOSTI, Malaysia, welcomed delegates from various countries and international organizations and programmes to the Session. He recalled the participation of his country in the IOC Sub-Commission for the Western Pacific s ...
Conference Programme and Abstracts Programme et
... With climate change and Arctic issues moving to the forefront of national and international agendas, circumpolar nations face an increased urgency to expand the observational basis needed to formulate strategies and policies that will minimize the negative impacts and maximize the positive outcomes ...
... With climate change and Arctic issues moving to the forefront of national and international agendas, circumpolar nations face an increased urgency to expand the observational basis needed to formulate strategies and policies that will minimize the negative impacts and maximize the positive outcomes ...
The Conference Programme and abstracts is now available
... With climate change and Arctic issues moving to the forefront of national and international agendas, circumpolar nations face an increased urgency to expand the observational basis needed to formulate strategies and policies that will minimize the negative impacts and maximize the positive outcomes ...
... With climate change and Arctic issues moving to the forefront of national and international agendas, circumpolar nations face an increased urgency to expand the observational basis needed to formulate strategies and policies that will minimize the negative impacts and maximize the positive outcomes ...
1MB - IPCC
... synergies, and integrated responses.". Please consider to integrate these sections, and draft it so that policymakers seeking this kind of information finds it in one section that clearly communicates Some concepts were moved to the introduction, such the whole narrative. [Government of Norway] that ...
... synergies, and integrated responses.". Please consider to integrate these sections, and draft it so that policymakers seeking this kind of information finds it in one section that clearly communicates Some concepts were moved to the introduction, such the whole narrative. [Government of Norway] that ...
Major impacts of climate change on deep
... The deep sea encompasses the largest ecosystems on Earth. Although poorly known, deep seafloor ecosystems provide services that are vitally important to the entire ocean and biosphere. Rising atmospheric greenhouse gases are bringing about significant changes in the environmental properties of the o ...
... The deep sea encompasses the largest ecosystems on Earth. Although poorly known, deep seafloor ecosystems provide services that are vitally important to the entire ocean and biosphere. Rising atmospheric greenhouse gases are bringing about significant changes in the environmental properties of the o ...
Kenya's Tea Sector under Climate Change: An impact assessment and formulation of a climate-smart strategy
... Figure 70: Percentage of land under tea in the west of the Great Rift Valley (in acres) 110 Figure 71: Percentage of land under tea in the west of the Great Rift Valley (in acres) 110 Figure 72: Types of extension services needed to better cope with climate change 120 Figure 73: Sampling fram ...
... Figure 70: Percentage of land under tea in the west of the Great Rift Valley (in acres) 110 Figure 71: Percentage of land under tea in the west of the Great Rift Valley (in acres) 110 Figure 72: Types of extension services needed to better cope with climate change 120 Figure 73: Sampling fram ...
Weather, climate and tourism: a New Zealand perspective
... Financial implications of the weather for tourism ...............................................................16 Coping/resilience of tourists ................................................................................................17 Resilience of tourism operators and regions ........... ...
... Financial implications of the weather for tourism ...............................................................16 Coping/resilience of tourists ................................................................................................17 Resilience of tourism operators and regions ........... ...
Synthesis report
... The most relevant project observers actively followed the project activities and contributed considerably. ...
... The most relevant project observers actively followed the project activities and contributed considerably. ...
Permafrost thermal state in the polar Northern Hemisphere during
... we present and discuss the general patterns across the entire Northern Hemisphere polar region. As has been recognized for many years (e.g. Brown, 1970), there is a general decrease in MAGT northward along a latitudinal transect in any given region, but the latitude– MAGT relationship varies between ...
... we present and discuss the general patterns across the entire Northern Hemisphere polar region. As has been recognized for many years (e.g. Brown, 1970), there is a general decrease in MAGT northward along a latitudinal transect in any given region, but the latitude– MAGT relationship varies between ...
Moose Listing Petition - Center for Biological Diversity
... Moose provide significant revenue to state wildlife departments through tourism and hunting (see, e.g., MNDNR 2011, p. 44). Thousands of hunters enter state-held lotteries for their chance at a moose hunt, and one moose can provide hundreds of pounds of meat. Local tribes hunt moose for subsistence ...
... Moose provide significant revenue to state wildlife departments through tourism and hunting (see, e.g., MNDNR 2011, p. 44). Thousands of hunters enter state-held lotteries for their chance at a moose hunt, and one moose can provide hundreds of pounds of meat. Local tribes hunt moose for subsistence ...
ITSSD – New NOAA FOIA Request (filed 9-22
... ITSSD files this new NOAA FOIA Request with the clear understanding that NOAA is obligated to release information regarding a peer review if it receives a Freedom of Information Act request, unless such information satisfies the criteria for a FOIA exemption. This new FOIA request seeks disclosure o ...
... ITSSD files this new NOAA FOIA Request with the clear understanding that NOAA is obligated to release information regarding a peer review if it receives a Freedom of Information Act request, unless such information satisfies the criteria for a FOIA exemption. This new FOIA request seeks disclosure o ...
Policy Implications of Warming Permafrost
... atmosphere. If the permafrost thaws, the organic matter will thaw and decay, potentially releasing large amounts of CO2 and methane into the atmosphere. This organic material was buried and frozen thousands of years ago and its release into the atmosphere is irreversible on human time scales. Thawin ...
... atmosphere. If the permafrost thaws, the organic matter will thaw and decay, potentially releasing large amounts of CO2 and methane into the atmosphere. This organic material was buried and frozen thousands of years ago and its release into the atmosphere is irreversible on human time scales. Thawin ...
The GLOBE Climate Legislation Study (6 MB) (opens in new window)
... This document is the product of an ongoing co-operation between GLOBE International and the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment at the London School of Economics. It was financially supported by the United Kingdom’s Foreign & Commonwealth Office (FCO). However the views ...
... This document is the product of an ongoing co-operation between GLOBE International and the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment at the London School of Economics. It was financially supported by the United Kingdom’s Foreign & Commonwealth Office (FCO). However the views ...
Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment for Colorado Bureau of
... and ecosystems within a time frame of mid‐21st century. The vulnerability assessment is intended to be part of a dynamic, iterative, multi‐scale process that will focus management actions on strategies that are effective under both current and future climates. The components of vulnerability were ...
... and ecosystems within a time frame of mid‐21st century. The vulnerability assessment is intended to be part of a dynamic, iterative, multi‐scale process that will focus management actions on strategies that are effective under both current and future climates. The components of vulnerability were ...
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Reservoir Sedimentation in the
... reservoir volumes over time. Even though sedimentation was taken into account in design, there may be gradual loss of functionality with respect to a dam's authorized purpose(s) over time. Since 2011, the USACE Civil Works Strategic Plan has stressed sustainable solutions for the 21st century. For o ...
... reservoir volumes over time. Even though sedimentation was taken into account in design, there may be gradual loss of functionality with respect to a dam's authorized purpose(s) over time. Since 2011, the USACE Civil Works Strategic Plan has stressed sustainable solutions for the 21st century. For o ...
A FARMer`s View of the Ricardian Approach to Measuring
... have been developed to account for farmer adaptation in response to global climatic change. The first, called ‘Ricardian’ by Mendelsohn, Nordhaus, and Shaw (1994), econometrically estimates the impact of climatic and other variables on the value of farm real estate. Under some conditions, estimates ...
... have been developed to account for farmer adaptation in response to global climatic change. The first, called ‘Ricardian’ by Mendelsohn, Nordhaus, and Shaw (1994), econometrically estimates the impact of climatic and other variables on the value of farm real estate. Under some conditions, estimates ...
Scientific opinion on climate change
The scientific opinion on climate change is the overall judgment amongst scientists about whether global warming is happening, and if so, its causes and probable consequences. This scientific opinion is expressed in synthesis reports, by scientific bodies of national or international standing, and by surveys of opinion among climate scientists. Individual scientists, universities, and laboratories contribute to the overall scientific opinion via their peer-reviewed publications, and the areas of collective agreement and relative certainty are summarised in these high level reports and surveys.The scientific consensus is that the Earth's climate system is unequivocally warming, and that it is extremely likely (at least 95% probability) that humans are causing most of it through activities that increase concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as deforestation and burning fossil fuels. In addition, it is likely that some potential further greenhouse gas warming has been offset by increased aerosols.National and international science academies and scientific societies have assessed current scientific opinion on global warming. These assessments are generally consistent with the conclusions of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report summarized:Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as evidenced by increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, the widespread melting of snow and ice, and rising global average sea level.Most of the global warming since the mid-20th century is very likely due to human activities.Benefits and costs of climate change for [human] society will vary widely by location and scale. Some of the effects in temperate and polar regions will be positive and others elsewhere will be negative. Overall, net effects are more likely to be strongly negative with larger or more rapid warming.The range of published evidence indicates that the net damage costs of climate change are likely to be significant and to increase over time.The resilience of many ecosystems is likely to be exceeded this century by an unprecedented combination of climate change, associated disturbances (e.g. flooding, drought, wildfire, insects, ocean acidification) and other global change drivers (e.g. land-use change, pollution, fragmentation of natural systems, over-exploitation of resources).Some scientific bodies have recommended specific policies to governments and science can play a role in informing an effective response to climate change, however, policy decisions may require value judgements and so are not included in the scientific opinion.No scientific body of national or international standing maintains a formal opinion dissenting from any of these main points. The last national or international scientific body to drop dissent was the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, which in 2007 updated its statement to its current non-committal position. Some other organizations, primarily those focusing on geology, also hold non-committal positions.