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When labeling a petri plate you should
write on the:
Side
Bottom
Top
Inside of the bottom
67%
33%
In
s id
e
of
th
e
.. .
To
p
m
0%
Bo
tto
e
0%
Sid
1.
2.
3.
4.
Plasmids are called ____ when they carry a
desired gene into recipient cells.
Parasites
Vectors
Cultured
Bacteria
79%
14%
7%
er
ia
Ba
ct
tu
re
d
Cu
l
s
to
r
Ve
c
as
ite
s
0%
Pa
r
1.
2.
3.
4.
Bacteria are often classified according to cell shape—
round, rod, and spiral. Which of the following is rod
shaped?
1. Diplococcus
Pneumoniae
2. Staphylococcus
Aureus
3. Streptococcus
Hemolyticus
4. Bacillus Subtilis
100%
Ba
c il
lu
tic
u
sS
ub
t il
s
is
0%
ol
y
sH
em
cc
u
pt
oc
o
St
re
St
a
ph
ylo
co
cc
us
A
ur
e
ae
m
on
i
Pn
eu
cu
s
co
c
Di
pl
o
0%
us
0%
Each of the following is a direct positive
outcome of the genetic modification of crop
plants EXCEPT:
1. Herbicide Resistance
36% 36%
2. Pest Resistance
29%
3. Enhanced
chlorophyll
production
4. Vaccine Enrichment
...
ich
r. .
.
Va
c
cin
e
En
r
ch
lo
ed
an
c
En
h
tR
Pe
s
He
rb
i
c id
e
Re
es
is t
an
si.
.
c..
.
.
0%
th
e
th
e
in
in
Th
e
gly
c in
e
Tr
is
Th
e
SD
S
Th
e
bu
f fe
bu
ffe
r
r
m
id
e
ry
la
ya
c
4.
Po
l
1.
2.
3.
What component used in protein gel
electrophoresis causes the proteins to run
toward the positive electrode?
Polyacrylamide
36%
The Tris in the buffer
29% 29%
The glycine in the
buffer
The SDS
7%
A particular processed mRNA molecule is 704 nucleotides long.
How many amino acids are most likely to be in the protein
resulting from the translation of this mRNA molecule?
2112
230
703
704
86%
7%
7%
70
4
70
3
23
0
0%
21
12
1.
2.
3.
4.
Eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells
are different in that eukaryotic cells:
1. Do not have
organelles
2. Are smaller than
prokaryotic cells
3. Have a nuclear
membrane
4. Do not have DNA
100%
DN
...
...
av
e
no
th
Do
Ha
ve
an
le
al
sm
Ar
e
0%
uc
le
ar
rt
or
. ..
av
e
no
th
Do
0%
h.
..
0%
te
st
...
...
re
a
re
at
Po
l
ar
/g
/g
lar
No
np
o
t/
g
ge
s
Lo
n
Sh
or
t
es
t/
gr
e
re
a
at
. ..
te
...
In DNA gel electrophoresis the ____ fragments
migrate the ____ distances and the ____
fragments migrate the ____ distances.
1. Shortest/greatest/lo
64%
ngest/least
2. Longest/greatest/sh
ortest/least
21%
3. Nonpolar/greatest/
polar/least
7% 7%
4. Polar/greatest/Nonp
olar/least
Which piece of equipment would be used to
separate bacteria from the media they are in?
Autoclave
Thermal Cycler
Centrifuge
Electrophoresis
46%
23%
23%
Ele
ct
ro
p
ho
re
si.
..
tri
fu
ge
Ce
n
Th
er
m
al
la
Cy
c le
ve
r
8%
Au
to
c
1.
2.
3.
4.
The solution used to sterilize the bench top
when you have completed your experiment is:
10% bleach solution
Hydrochloric Acid
Soap
50% bleach
86%
14%
50
%
bl
ea
ch
p
0%
So
a
A.
..
r ic
oc
hl
o
Hy
dr
bl
ea
ch
so
l. .
.
0%
10
%
1.
2.
3.
4.
The biotechnology product that came from the
hot springs of Yellowstone National Park is:
1. DNA ligase
2. RNA polymerase
3. Thermus Aquaticus
DNA polymerase
4. Bacillus Sulfolobus
kinase
50%
36%
lu
sS
ul
ki
fo
lo
icu
Ba
c il
Th
er
m
us
A
qu
at
RN
A
bu
s
sD
NA
.. .
as
e
po
l
ym
er
lig
DN
A
na
se
7%
as
e
7%
The mole establishes a relationship
between the:
64%
36%
of
r.
..
.. .
0%
la
ge
ch
ar
Th
e
Th
e
m
ol
e
cu
of
siz
e
Th
e
m
ic
m
as
su
n.
..
an
...
0%
At
o
1. Atomic mass unit
and the gram
2. The size of an atom
and its mass
3. The molecular mass
of a compound and
empirical formula
4. The charge of an
atom and its
ionization energy
The building blocks of proteins are:
1. Nucleotides
2. Amino acids
3. Deoxyribose
molecules
4. sugars
93%
m
os
e
0%
s
ul
es
ec
ol
o
in
De
ox
yr
ib
Am
Nu
cle
ot
ac
id
es
id
s
0%
su
ga
r
7%
What type of bond is found between
water molecules?
Ionic
Covalent
Hydrogen
Van der Waals
57%
21%
21%
Va
n
de
rW
aa
l
s
og
en
Hy
dr
Co
va
l
en
t
0%
Io
ni
c
1.
2.
3.
4.
What enzyme is responsible for
carrying DNA replication?
RNA polymerase
DNA polymerase
DNA ligase
RNA ligase
79%
14%
7%
as
e
lig
RN
A
DN
A
ym
po
l
DN
A
lig
se
er
a
as
e
er
ym
po
l
as
e
0%
RN
A
1.
2.
3.
4.
In preparing agar plate growth media,
the best time to add antibiotics is:
7%
h.
..
te
s
be
la
rp
Af
te
iat
ed
Im
m
ed
iat
el
y
...
el
yf
o.
..
...
7%
Im
m
4.
29%
au
to
c la
3.
57%
fo
re
2.
Before autoclaving so as to
sterilize antibiotics
Immediately following
autoclaving while medium is still
hot
Immediately before pouring
while media is cooled but still
liquid
After plates have been poured
and cooled
Be
1.
DNA travels from the ____ to the _____
terminal during gel electrophoresis.
Positive/negative
Neutral/negative
Neutral/positive
Negative/positive
71%
21%
e/
at
iv
Ne
g
l/ p
os
it i
tra
Ne
u
l/ n
eg
tra
Ne
u
...
at
i. .
.
...
ne
ga
t
ve
/
po
sit
...
7%
0%
Po
sit
i
1.
2.
3.
4.
The structure that acts as the cell’s security
guard regulating what enters and leaves the cell
is known as the:
1. Nucleus
93%
2. Golgi bodies
3. Cell membrane
4. Protein barrier
0%
.. .
rri
e
Pr
ot
e
in
ba
br
a
lm
em
Ce
l
ib
od
ie
s
ne
0%
Go
lg
Nu
cle
us
7%
PCR primers are short lengths of single-stranded DNA that are specifically designed to
compliment, and anneal to, short base sequences that flank the PCR’s “target” DNA. Identify the
best primer to use in a PCR reaction that includes the following DNA sample: 3’
GAGTACCGATTAACACGGTAtargetregionCAGGATACGAGCTCTACCG 5’
5’ ATGGCTAATTGTGC 3’
3’ ATGGCTAATTGTGC 5’
3’ TATGCTCGAGAT 5’
5’ TAAT 3’
79%
GC
T
3’
TA
T
T3
’
7%
5’
TA
A
7%
CG
AG
A.
..
G.
..
AT
T
3’
AT
GG
CT
A
AT
T
G.
..
7%
5’
AT
GG
CT
A
1.
2.
3.
4.
There are 3 types of RNA and each type is involved in the synthesis of proteins. The
first type is part of the ribosome, the second type is the template for translation, and
the third type brings amino acids to the ribosome. Which answer below lists these
three types of RNA in the same order as described in the question?
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
rRNA, tRNA, mRNA
tRNA, mRNA, rRNA
rRNA, mRNA, tRNA
43%
36%
14%
NA
RN
m
A,
rR
N
A,
m
RN
A,
A,
r
tR
RN
A
RN
A
tR
N
tR
A,
rR
N
RN
A,
tR
N
NA
,
A,
r
m
RN
A
7%
m
1.
2.
3.
4.
In the primary structure of protein, the amino
acids are linked together by what type of bond?
Disulfide bond
Hydrogen bond
Peptide bond
Ionic bond
71%
14%
e
nd
bo
Io
ni
c
bo
nd
7%
tid
Pe
p
n
og
e
Hy
dr
lfi
de
bo
n
bo
nd
d
7%
Di
su
1.
2.
3.
4.
The atomic number of an atom is
defined as its:
Mass in AMU
Number of electrons
Number of neutrons
Number of protons
71%
14% 14%
ro
t. .
.
of
p
Nu
m
be
r
eu
t..
.
of
n
be
r
Nu
m
Nu
m
be
r
n
of
el
e
AM
c..
.
U
0%
M
as
si
1.
2.
3.
4.
The sum of the atomic masses of all
the atoms in a compound is called the:
Molecular weight
Empirical formula
Molar volume
Percentage
composition
100%
.. .
e
co
m
um
Pe
rc
en
ta
ge
rv
ol
a
M
r ic
al
pi
Em
0%
ol
fo
rm
w
lar
cu
ol
e
0%
.. .
ei
g..
.
0%
M
1.
2.
3.
4.
Each of the following is a type of
protein EXCEPT:
Structural
Enzyme
Steroid
Transport
79%
14%
7%
sp
or
t
Tr
an
St
er
oi
d
En
zy
m
e
ct
ur
al
0%
St
ru
1.
2.
3.
4.
The cellular organelle that is of great value to
geneticists because it carries only maternal DNA
is the:
1. Nucleus
79%
2. Golgi apparatus
3. Ribosome
4. Mitochondrion
14%
ch
o
nd
rio
n
bo
so
m
e
M
ito
Ri
ar
a
tu
.. .
0%
ia
pp
Go
lg
Nu
cle
us
7%
Your boss in the state crime lab gives you a sample of DNA obtained from the back
side of a postage stamp. She asks you to do DNA fingerprinting on the sample in order
to determine if it matches the DNA of a particular suspect. You recognize that you will
have to amplify the DNA sample since there is not enough to do the fingerprint
analysis. What piece of equipment when you use to amplify the DNA
Centrifuge
Autoclave
Thermal Cycler
Spectrophotometer
57%
29%
ot
om
Cy
c le
ct
ro
ph
Sp
e
Th
er
m
al
la
Au
to
c
e.
..
r
7%
ve
7%
Ce
nt
r if
ug
e
1.
2.
3.
4.
What is the name of the specific sequence
of DNA that is cut by a restriction enzyme?
1. Palindrome
sequence
2. Start codon
sequence
3. Recognition
sequence
4. TATA box sequence
57%
36%
7%
e
se
q
bo
x
TA
TA
on
ni
ti
co
g
Re
ue
nc
nc
e
se
qu
e
nc
e
qu
e
se
rt
co
do
n
St
a
Pa
l
in
dr
om
e
se
qu
en
ce
0%
The study of the functions of specific
proteins is known as:
Fu
nc
tio
gy
ol
o
Pr
ot
ei
n
sy
st
em
at
ic s
na
l
Ge
no
m
ic s
25% 25% 25% 25%
Pr
ot
eo
m
ics
1. Proteomics
2. Genomics
3. Functional
systematics
4. Proteinology
You are preparing a buffer solution for your DNA experiment. The directions
tell you to adjust the pH to 8.2. When you check the current pH, you observe
that it is7.6. Which of the following solutions is the best choice for adding to
your buffer to adjust the pH to 8.2?
HC
l
25%
5M
25%
HC
l
Na
OH
25%
1M
SD
S
25%
1M
10% SDS
1M NaOH
1M HCl
5M HCl
10
%
1.
2.
3.
4.
Molecules in which the atoms share
electrons equally would be called:
ol
a
r
17%
No
nP
ar
op
hi
li
Hy
dr
17%
Po
l
17%
c
17%
op
ho
bi
c
17%
Ba
se
s
s
17%
Hy
dr
Acids
Bases
Hydrophobic
Hydrophilic
Polar
Non-Polar
Ac
id
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
The best medium type for rapid, mass
culturing of bacteria is:
b
25%
Sla
25%
b
ui
d
25%
Liq
rp
lat
e
25%
St
a
Agar plate
Liquid
Stab
Slab
Ag
a
1.
2.
3.
4.
What types of clothing are NOT
appropriate in the lab?
rt
...
irt
TSh
25%
ou
se
,S
ki
Bl
Sh
or
t
s,
sa
n
da
l
g..
.
go
at
s,
co
25% 25%
...
25%
Je
an
s,
Lab coats, goggles
Shorts, sandals
Jeans, T-Shirts
Blouse, Skirt
La
b
1.
2.
3.
4.
In preparing petri plates for a transformation experiment, you first measure out the correct
amount of powered agar for the volume of water you have. Next, you will swirl the agar so that
most of it goes into solution (dissolves). Identify the equipment that you will use next.
av
e
M
icr
ow
e.
..
ot
om
Sp
ec
tro
ph
al
cy
cle
r
25% 25% 25% 25%
Th
er
m
Centrifuge
Thermal cycler
Spectrophotometer
Microwave
Ce
nt
r if
ug
e
1.
2.
3.
4.
One reason that prokaryotes have been such valuable model organisms in genetic studies is that
their generation time is so short. In fact, some species can reproduce as often as every 20
minutes. This gives the researcher answers literally over night. With this in mind, which of the
following eukaryotes would be the best model organism?
or
m
w
m
ol
25%
Ye
as
t
25%
d
25%
Br
ea
d
an
25%
Ro
un
d
Human
Bread mold
Round worm
Yeast
Hu
m
1.
2.
3.
4.
In order to make 3 liters of a .5M sucrose solution, how many
grams of sucrose would you add. (The molecular weight of
sucrose is 342g)
25%
25%
17
1g
25%
54
2g
25%
51
3g
1026g
513g
542g
171g
10
26
g
1.
2.
3.
4.
DNA splits or unzips between the nitrogen bases of the DNA molecule.
So as to expose the sense strand bases of the gene. This “unzipping”
occurs because the bond between the bases is relatively weak and is
known as a _______ bond.
Hy
dr
e
25%
Pe
pt
id
25%
og
en
25%
en
t
25%
Co
va
l
Ionic
Covalent
Hydrogen
Peptide
Io
ni
c
1.
2.
3.
4.
The basic building block of DNA is a(n):
Am
in
o
25%
os
e
ac
id
e
25%
De
ox
yr
ib
25%
id
25%
AT
P
Nucleotide
Amino acid
ATP
Deoxyribose
Nu
cle
ot
1.
2.
3.
4.
When amplifying a sample of human DNA by PCR at a particular marker site,
it is NOT absolutely critical that extraneous DNA, say from bacteria for
sample, not contaminate the sample to be amplified. This is because:
ba
.. .
im
pr
o
. ..
tis
tic
a
in
It
i
ss
ta
am
co
nt
An
y
lly
er
as
e
ym
po
l
DN
A
an
tD
NA
m
o.
..
..
th
e.
in
d
su
se
Th
e
4.
er
3.
25% 25% 25% 25%
pr
im
2.
The primers used in the PCR
reaction are unique to human
DNA
The DNA polymerase molecule
used in PCR can only copy
human DNA sequences
Any contaminant DNA would
immediately be degraded by
enzymes present in the reaction
mixture
It is statistically improbable that
there would be enough
contaminant DNA to serve as
template DNA
Th
e
1.
Before turning the centrifuge machine on,
you should always check to make sure:
1. Is it plugged in
2. The lid is closed
3. That the tubes are
placed in balanced
positions
4. That you have set
the correct time
e.
ha
v
yo
u
Th
at
th
e
Th
at
..
tu
be
s..
.
clo
is
lid
Th
e
Is
i
tp
lu
gg
ed
. ..
.. .
25% 25% 25% 25%
When should safety glasses be worn?
...
w
On
l
yw
he
n
yw
On
l
he
n
w
or
k
...
or
k
a.
..
ou
ey
t im
An
y
an
ye
xp
. ..
25% 25% 25% 25%
Du
r in
g
1. During any experiment
with harmful
chemicals.
2. Any time you are
working in the lab on
an experiment.
3. Only when working
with bacteria, or glass.
4. Only when working
with reagents, bacteria,
or glass.
Gram negative bacteria stain ___
because of the ___ cell wall?
25%
Pu
rp
l
e/
th
i
ck
25%
hi
ck
e/
th
i
n
25%
Pu
rp
l
hi
n
25%
Re
d/
t
Red/thin
Purple/thin
Red/thick
Purple/thick
Re
d/
t
1.
2.
3.
4.
How many moles of NaOH is in 120g of
NaOH?
25%
25%
12
0
25%
5
25%
3
2
3
5
120
2
1.
2.
3.
4.
Proteins are synthesized (produced) in
the
1. Ribosomes
2. Endoplasmic
Reticulum
3. Lysosomes
4. centrioles
En
d
op
l
as
m
ic
ce
nt
rio
le
s
es
Ly
so
so
m
Ri
Re
t ic
ul
um
bo
so
m
es
25% 25% 25% 25%
The purpose of the antibiotic in a bacterial
transformation experiment is to:
gr
. ..
he
bu
...
et
Pr
om
ot
Pr
ev
en
ta
ll
...
ba
he
et
ot
Pr
om
an
yf
or
ei
...
25% 25% 25% 25%
Ki
ll
1. Kill any foreign
microbes
2. Promote the bacteria
to produce antibodies
3. Prevent all but the
transformants from
growing
4. Promote the growth of
all but the
transformants
Compounds that release hydrogen
ions into solutions are called
op
hi
li
Hy
dr
Hy
dr
25%
c
25%
op
ho
bi
c
25%
Ba
se
s
25%
s
Acids
Bases
Hydrophobic
Hydrophilic
Ac
id
1.
2.
3.
4.
The “magical” characteristic of Taq
Polymerase is that it
..
25%
si
ts
.
re
s i.
..
ta
in
ain
M
Is
hi
g
hl
y
re
s i.
..
25% 25%
hl
y
Is
hi
g
re
co
gn
iz e
. ..
25%
Ca
n
1. Can recognize cut sites
from both directions
2. Is highly resistant to
antibiotics such as
ampicilin
3. Is highly resistant to
mutagens such as radiation
4. Maintains its tertiary
structure and ability to
function under boiling
conditions
5 mg is equivalent to
ug
25%
5,
00
0
ug
25%
50
0
25%
g
ug
25%
5u
.005 ug
5 ug
500 ug
5,000 ug
.0
05
1.
2.
3.
4.
The best way to obtain an accurate
determination regarding the concentration of
bacteria within a flask of liquid medium is to
1. Swirl the medium and
make an approximation
2. Compare the density of the
cultured medium with that
of the uncultured medium
3. Run the bacterial DNA out
in agarose gel
electrophoresis
4. Obtain transmittance
readings on the
spectrophotometer
i..
.
tra
ns
m
ac
te
r..
.
Ob
t
ain
eb
Ru
n
th
e
pa
r
Co
m
Sw
ir l
th
e
m
th
e
ed
i
...
de
...
25% 25% 25% 25%
To streak bacteria on an agar plate,
you would use a(n)
25% 25%
et
te
t..
.
et
te
op
ip
M
icr
o.
..
t in
gl
ul
a
In
oc
op
ip
et
te
r
25% 25%
Pi
p
Micropipetter
Inoculating loop
Pipette
Micropipette tip
M
icr
1.
2.
3.
4.
Small circular loops of DNA (typically 3000
to 15,000 bp in length) naturally found in
bacteria are known as
Ch
ro
m
id
sm
25%
at
in
25%
s
25%
Pl
a
25%
Ge
ne
s
Chromosomes
Genes
Plasmids
Chromatin
Ch
ro
m
os
om
es
1.
2.
3.
4.
The best way to measure out 0.157mL of a
particular solution would be to use the ___
micropipetter with the dial set on ___ uL.
0.5 to 10/1.57
2 to 20/15.7
20 to 200/157
100 to 1000/1570
10
00
/1
5.
..
10
0
to
20
0/
15
7
20
to
20
/1
5.
7
o
2t
to
10
/1
.5
7
25% 25% 25% 25%
0.
5
1.
2.
3.
4.
In order to prevent contamination, it is
absolutely essential to change pipet
tips, particularly
an
.. .
...
W
he
n
ad
di
ng
oq
uo
al
ee
n
tw
Be
Be
tw
ee
n
m
ixi
al
ng
oq
uo
th
.. .
...
25% 25% 25% 25%
W
he
n
1. When mixing the
ingredients within a sample
2. Between aloquots of the
first ingredient added to
the tubes of several
samples
3. Between aloquots of the
last ingredient added to
the tubes of several
samples
4. When adding antibiotics to
growth media
Which term describes a molecule that
is water-hating?
op
hi
li
Hy
dr
25%
Io
ni
c
25%
c
25%
ar
op
ho
bi
c
25%
Po
l
Hydrophobic
Polar
Hydrophilic
Ionic
Hy
dr
1.
2.
3.
4.
Which choice below lists the correct
order of the steps performed during a
bacterial transformation?
io
n,
...
Pr
ei
nc
u
ba
t
io
n,
...
Pr
ei
nc
u
ba
t
io
n,
...
ba
t
Pr
ei
nc
u
ba
t
io
n,
...
25% 25% 25% 25%
Pr
ei
nc
u
1. Preincubation, heat
shock, incubation,
recovery
2. Preincubation,
incubation, heat shock,
recovery
3. Preincubation, recovery,
incubation, heat shock
4. Preincubation, heat
shock, recovery,
incubation
Microarray technology has recently become a
tremendously valuable tool in the hands of
scientists because it reveals the
.. .
se
qu
en
ce
Ba
se
hi
c..
.
De
gr
ee
to
w
id
of
“
De
gr
ee
at
io
n
of
ge
...
e.
..
25% 25% 25% 25%
Lo
c
1. Location of genes upon
chromosomes
2. Degree of “identicalness”
between two samples of
DNA of different sources
3. Degree to which several
genes are individually
expressed within a
particular cell or tissue
4. Base sequence differences
between diseased and
normal genes
25%
ot
er
s
25%
Pr
om
25%
Ge
ne
s
do
ns
25%
Pr
im
er
s
Anticodons
Primers
Genes
Promoters
An
tic
o
1.
2.
3.
4.
Regions of DNA that are transcribed
into mRNA and then translated into
proteins are called?
Identify the statement that is FALSE
with respect to the difference between
DNA and RNA.
c..
.
DN
A
di
re
ct
ly
...
hy
dr
og
DN
A
ha
s
th
ym
ha
s
DN
A
is
ge
ne
ra
l
in
.. .
. ..
25% 25% 25% 25%
DN
A
1. DNA is generally a double
stranded, whereas RNA is
generally single stranded.
2. DNA has thymine, whereas
RNA has uracil.
3. DNA has hydrogen bonds,
whereas RNA generally
does not.
4. DNA directly codes for
proteins, whereas RNA
most often directly codes
for DNA.
When drawing up a solution with a
micropipetter, you should
tip
in
...
un
g.
..
th
e
Pu
t
th
e
Pu
sh
th
e
Pu
t
pl
tip
in
...
un
g.
..
4.
pl
3.
25% 25% 25% 25%
th
e
2.
Push the plunger to the first stop
before placing the tip in the
solution and release the plunger
slowly.
Put the tip in the solution first,
then push the plunger to the
first stop and release quickly.
Push the plunger to the second
stop, put the tip in the solution
then release the plunger quickly.
Put the tip in the solution first,
then push the plunger to the
second stop and release slowly.
Pu
sh
1.
The primary role of agar in plate
growth media is to
1. Give the media a
nonclear golden
color
2. Provide nutrients
3. Keep the media
from drying out
4. Give the media a gel
consistency
ag
m
ed
ia
ed
ia
Gi
ve
th
e
m
th
e
el
co
n.
..
dr
...
fro
m
nu
tr
de
Pr
ov
i
Ke
ep
Gi
ve
th
e
m
ed
ia
an
on
c le
..
ie
nt
s
25% 25% 25% 25%
What is the proper laboratory
procedure when disposing of
microorganisms?
1. Place in a closed trash
can.
2. Wrap in a trash bag
and place in trash can.
3. Expose microorganisms
to bleach or autoclave.
4. Leave on the bench top
until they die.
eb
...
r. .
.
th
on
e
m
Ex
po
se
Le
av
tra
W
ra
p
in
a
a
in
ce
Pl
a
ic r
oo
s..
.
c lo
.. .
25% 25% 25% 25%
In a serial dilution, the concentration
of each successive sample is
M
n.
..
ad
e
to
re
m
ai
n.
..
ai
re
m
to
ad
e
M
In
cr
ea
se
d
by
by
a
. ..
a.
..
25% 25% 25% 25%
De
cr
ea
se
d
1. Decreased by a
given fraction
2. Increased by a given
fraction
3. Made to remain
constant
4. Made to remain
constant, then to
become more dilute
over time
Which method for transferring new DNA into bacteria
involves the bacteria taking up pieces of DNA that are
floating freely in solution outside of the cell?
33%
at
sfo
rm
sd
uc
tio
n
io
n.
..
33%
Tr
an
Co
nj
ug
at
io
n
33%
Tr
an
1. Conjugation
2. Transduction
3. Transformation
To date, the most valuable and widespread
application of green fleurescent protein
(GFP) is
.. .
en
tig
an
n
As
a
As
a
tu
m
or
m
or
ta
g
As
a
25%
ce
l..
.
a.
;.
..
el
ty
no
v
25% 25%
..
25%
As
a
1. As a novelty; green
fleurescent things are
really cool
2. As a tag or marker to
indicate the presence of an
accompanying introduced
gene of interest
3. As a tumor cell probe
revealing the presence of
certain cancers
4. As an antigen to antibiotics
such as ampicilin
The bond between the complimentary
bases of a DNA molecule is
og
en
25%
Hy
dr
25%
en
t
25%
Co
va
l
25%
Ph
os
ph
or
ic
Ionic
Phosphoric
Covalent
Hydrogen
Io
ni
c
1.
2.
3.
4.