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When labeling a petri plate you should write on the: Side Bottom Top Inside of the bottom 67% 33% In s id e of th e .. . To p m 0% Bo tto e 0% Sid 1. 2. 3. 4. Plasmids are called ____ when they carry a desired gene into recipient cells. Parasites Vectors Cultured Bacteria 79% 14% 7% er ia Ba ct tu re d Cu l s to r Ve c as ite s 0% Pa r 1. 2. 3. 4. Bacteria are often classified according to cell shape— round, rod, and spiral. Which of the following is rod shaped? 1. Diplococcus Pneumoniae 2. Staphylococcus Aureus 3. Streptococcus Hemolyticus 4. Bacillus Subtilis 100% Ba c il lu tic u sS ub t il s is 0% ol y sH em cc u pt oc o St re St a ph ylo co cc us A ur e ae m on i Pn eu cu s co c Di pl o 0% us 0% Each of the following is a direct positive outcome of the genetic modification of crop plants EXCEPT: 1. Herbicide Resistance 36% 36% 2. Pest Resistance 29% 3. Enhanced chlorophyll production 4. Vaccine Enrichment ... ich r. . . Va c cin e En r ch lo ed an c En h tR Pe s He rb i c id e Re es is t an si. . c.. . . 0% th e th e in in Th e gly c in e Tr is Th e SD S Th e bu f fe bu ffe r r m id e ry la ya c 4. Po l 1. 2. 3. What component used in protein gel electrophoresis causes the proteins to run toward the positive electrode? Polyacrylamide 36% The Tris in the buffer 29% 29% The glycine in the buffer The SDS 7% A particular processed mRNA molecule is 704 nucleotides long. How many amino acids are most likely to be in the protein resulting from the translation of this mRNA molecule? 2112 230 703 704 86% 7% 7% 70 4 70 3 23 0 0% 21 12 1. 2. 3. 4. Eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells are different in that eukaryotic cells: 1. Do not have organelles 2. Are smaller than prokaryotic cells 3. Have a nuclear membrane 4. Do not have DNA 100% DN ... ... av e no th Do Ha ve an le al sm Ar e 0% uc le ar rt or . .. av e no th Do 0% h. .. 0% te st ... ... re a re at Po l ar /g /g lar No np o t/ g ge s Lo n Sh or t es t/ gr e re a at . .. te ... In DNA gel electrophoresis the ____ fragments migrate the ____ distances and the ____ fragments migrate the ____ distances. 1. Shortest/greatest/lo 64% ngest/least 2. Longest/greatest/sh ortest/least 21% 3. Nonpolar/greatest/ polar/least 7% 7% 4. Polar/greatest/Nonp olar/least Which piece of equipment would be used to separate bacteria from the media they are in? Autoclave Thermal Cycler Centrifuge Electrophoresis 46% 23% 23% Ele ct ro p ho re si. .. tri fu ge Ce n Th er m al la Cy c le ve r 8% Au to c 1. 2. 3. 4. The solution used to sterilize the bench top when you have completed your experiment is: 10% bleach solution Hydrochloric Acid Soap 50% bleach 86% 14% 50 % bl ea ch p 0% So a A. .. r ic oc hl o Hy dr bl ea ch so l. . . 0% 10 % 1. 2. 3. 4. The biotechnology product that came from the hot springs of Yellowstone National Park is: 1. DNA ligase 2. RNA polymerase 3. Thermus Aquaticus DNA polymerase 4. Bacillus Sulfolobus kinase 50% 36% lu sS ul ki fo lo icu Ba c il Th er m us A qu at RN A bu s sD NA .. . as e po l ym er lig DN A na se 7% as e 7% The mole establishes a relationship between the: 64% 36% of r. .. .. . 0% la ge ch ar Th e Th e m ol e cu of siz e Th e m ic m as su n. .. an ... 0% At o 1. Atomic mass unit and the gram 2. The size of an atom and its mass 3. The molecular mass of a compound and empirical formula 4. The charge of an atom and its ionization energy The building blocks of proteins are: 1. Nucleotides 2. Amino acids 3. Deoxyribose molecules 4. sugars 93% m os e 0% s ul es ec ol o in De ox yr ib Am Nu cle ot ac id es id s 0% su ga r 7% What type of bond is found between water molecules? Ionic Covalent Hydrogen Van der Waals 57% 21% 21% Va n de rW aa l s og en Hy dr Co va l en t 0% Io ni c 1. 2. 3. 4. What enzyme is responsible for carrying DNA replication? RNA polymerase DNA polymerase DNA ligase RNA ligase 79% 14% 7% as e lig RN A DN A ym po l DN A lig se er a as e er ym po l as e 0% RN A 1. 2. 3. 4. In preparing agar plate growth media, the best time to add antibiotics is: 7% h. .. te s be la rp Af te iat ed Im m ed iat el y ... el yf o. .. ... 7% Im m 4. 29% au to c la 3. 57% fo re 2. Before autoclaving so as to sterilize antibiotics Immediately following autoclaving while medium is still hot Immediately before pouring while media is cooled but still liquid After plates have been poured and cooled Be 1. DNA travels from the ____ to the _____ terminal during gel electrophoresis. Positive/negative Neutral/negative Neutral/positive Negative/positive 71% 21% e/ at iv Ne g l/ p os it i tra Ne u l/ n eg tra Ne u ... at i. . . ... ne ga t ve / po sit ... 7% 0% Po sit i 1. 2. 3. 4. The structure that acts as the cell’s security guard regulating what enters and leaves the cell is known as the: 1. Nucleus 93% 2. Golgi bodies 3. Cell membrane 4. Protein barrier 0% .. . rri e Pr ot e in ba br a lm em Ce l ib od ie s ne 0% Go lg Nu cle us 7% PCR primers are short lengths of single-stranded DNA that are specifically designed to compliment, and anneal to, short base sequences that flank the PCR’s “target” DNA. Identify the best primer to use in a PCR reaction that includes the following DNA sample: 3’ GAGTACCGATTAACACGGTAtargetregionCAGGATACGAGCTCTACCG 5’ 5’ ATGGCTAATTGTGC 3’ 3’ ATGGCTAATTGTGC 5’ 3’ TATGCTCGAGAT 5’ 5’ TAAT 3’ 79% GC T 3’ TA T T3 ’ 7% 5’ TA A 7% CG AG A. .. G. .. AT T 3’ AT GG CT A AT T G. .. 7% 5’ AT GG CT A 1. 2. 3. 4. There are 3 types of RNA and each type is involved in the synthesis of proteins. The first type is part of the ribosome, the second type is the template for translation, and the third type brings amino acids to the ribosome. Which answer below lists these three types of RNA in the same order as described in the question? mRNA, tRNA, rRNA rRNA, tRNA, mRNA tRNA, mRNA, rRNA rRNA, mRNA, tRNA 43% 36% 14% NA RN m A, rR N A, m RN A, A, r tR RN A RN A tR N tR A, rR N RN A, tR N NA , A, r m RN A 7% m 1. 2. 3. 4. In the primary structure of protein, the amino acids are linked together by what type of bond? Disulfide bond Hydrogen bond Peptide bond Ionic bond 71% 14% e nd bo Io ni c bo nd 7% tid Pe p n og e Hy dr lfi de bo n bo nd d 7% Di su 1. 2. 3. 4. The atomic number of an atom is defined as its: Mass in AMU Number of electrons Number of neutrons Number of protons 71% 14% 14% ro t. . . of p Nu m be r eu t.. . of n be r Nu m Nu m be r n of el e AM c.. . U 0% M as si 1. 2. 3. 4. The sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms in a compound is called the: Molecular weight Empirical formula Molar volume Percentage composition 100% .. . e co m um Pe rc en ta ge rv ol a M r ic al pi Em 0% ol fo rm w lar cu ol e 0% .. . ei g.. . 0% M 1. 2. 3. 4. Each of the following is a type of protein EXCEPT: Structural Enzyme Steroid Transport 79% 14% 7% sp or t Tr an St er oi d En zy m e ct ur al 0% St ru 1. 2. 3. 4. The cellular organelle that is of great value to geneticists because it carries only maternal DNA is the: 1. Nucleus 79% 2. Golgi apparatus 3. Ribosome 4. Mitochondrion 14% ch o nd rio n bo so m e M ito Ri ar a tu .. . 0% ia pp Go lg Nu cle us 7% Your boss in the state crime lab gives you a sample of DNA obtained from the back side of a postage stamp. She asks you to do DNA fingerprinting on the sample in order to determine if it matches the DNA of a particular suspect. You recognize that you will have to amplify the DNA sample since there is not enough to do the fingerprint analysis. What piece of equipment when you use to amplify the DNA Centrifuge Autoclave Thermal Cycler Spectrophotometer 57% 29% ot om Cy c le ct ro ph Sp e Th er m al la Au to c e. .. r 7% ve 7% Ce nt r if ug e 1. 2. 3. 4. What is the name of the specific sequence of DNA that is cut by a restriction enzyme? 1. Palindrome sequence 2. Start codon sequence 3. Recognition sequence 4. TATA box sequence 57% 36% 7% e se q bo x TA TA on ni ti co g Re ue nc nc e se qu e nc e qu e se rt co do n St a Pa l in dr om e se qu en ce 0% The study of the functions of specific proteins is known as: Fu nc tio gy ol o Pr ot ei n sy st em at ic s na l Ge no m ic s 25% 25% 25% 25% Pr ot eo m ics 1. Proteomics 2. Genomics 3. Functional systematics 4. Proteinology You are preparing a buffer solution for your DNA experiment. The directions tell you to adjust the pH to 8.2. When you check the current pH, you observe that it is7.6. Which of the following solutions is the best choice for adding to your buffer to adjust the pH to 8.2? HC l 25% 5M 25% HC l Na OH 25% 1M SD S 25% 1M 10% SDS 1M NaOH 1M HCl 5M HCl 10 % 1. 2. 3. 4. Molecules in which the atoms share electrons equally would be called: ol a r 17% No nP ar op hi li Hy dr 17% Po l 17% c 17% op ho bi c 17% Ba se s s 17% Hy dr Acids Bases Hydrophobic Hydrophilic Polar Non-Polar Ac id 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. The best medium type for rapid, mass culturing of bacteria is: b 25% Sla 25% b ui d 25% Liq rp lat e 25% St a Agar plate Liquid Stab Slab Ag a 1. 2. 3. 4. What types of clothing are NOT appropriate in the lab? rt ... irt TSh 25% ou se ,S ki Bl Sh or t s, sa n da l g.. . go at s, co 25% 25% ... 25% Je an s, Lab coats, goggles Shorts, sandals Jeans, T-Shirts Blouse, Skirt La b 1. 2. 3. 4. In preparing petri plates for a transformation experiment, you first measure out the correct amount of powered agar for the volume of water you have. Next, you will swirl the agar so that most of it goes into solution (dissolves). Identify the equipment that you will use next. av e M icr ow e. .. ot om Sp ec tro ph al cy cle r 25% 25% 25% 25% Th er m Centrifuge Thermal cycler Spectrophotometer Microwave Ce nt r if ug e 1. 2. 3. 4. One reason that prokaryotes have been such valuable model organisms in genetic studies is that their generation time is so short. In fact, some species can reproduce as often as every 20 minutes. This gives the researcher answers literally over night. With this in mind, which of the following eukaryotes would be the best model organism? or m w m ol 25% Ye as t 25% d 25% Br ea d an 25% Ro un d Human Bread mold Round worm Yeast Hu m 1. 2. 3. 4. In order to make 3 liters of a .5M sucrose solution, how many grams of sucrose would you add. (The molecular weight of sucrose is 342g) 25% 25% 17 1g 25% 54 2g 25% 51 3g 1026g 513g 542g 171g 10 26 g 1. 2. 3. 4. DNA splits or unzips between the nitrogen bases of the DNA molecule. So as to expose the sense strand bases of the gene. This “unzipping” occurs because the bond between the bases is relatively weak and is known as a _______ bond. Hy dr e 25% Pe pt id 25% og en 25% en t 25% Co va l Ionic Covalent Hydrogen Peptide Io ni c 1. 2. 3. 4. The basic building block of DNA is a(n): Am in o 25% os e ac id e 25% De ox yr ib 25% id 25% AT P Nucleotide Amino acid ATP Deoxyribose Nu cle ot 1. 2. 3. 4. When amplifying a sample of human DNA by PCR at a particular marker site, it is NOT absolutely critical that extraneous DNA, say from bacteria for sample, not contaminate the sample to be amplified. This is because: ba .. . im pr o . .. tis tic a in It i ss ta am co nt An y lly er as e ym po l DN A an tD NA m o. .. .. th e. in d su se Th e 4. er 3. 25% 25% 25% 25% pr im 2. The primers used in the PCR reaction are unique to human DNA The DNA polymerase molecule used in PCR can only copy human DNA sequences Any contaminant DNA would immediately be degraded by enzymes present in the reaction mixture It is statistically improbable that there would be enough contaminant DNA to serve as template DNA Th e 1. Before turning the centrifuge machine on, you should always check to make sure: 1. Is it plugged in 2. The lid is closed 3. That the tubes are placed in balanced positions 4. That you have set the correct time e. ha v yo u Th at th e Th at .. tu be s.. . clo is lid Th e Is i tp lu gg ed . .. .. . 25% 25% 25% 25% When should safety glasses be worn? ... w On l yw he n yw On l he n w or k ... or k a. .. ou ey t im An y an ye xp . .. 25% 25% 25% 25% Du r in g 1. During any experiment with harmful chemicals. 2. Any time you are working in the lab on an experiment. 3. Only when working with bacteria, or glass. 4. Only when working with reagents, bacteria, or glass. Gram negative bacteria stain ___ because of the ___ cell wall? 25% Pu rp l e/ th i ck 25% hi ck e/ th i n 25% Pu rp l hi n 25% Re d/ t Red/thin Purple/thin Red/thick Purple/thick Re d/ t 1. 2. 3. 4. How many moles of NaOH is in 120g of NaOH? 25% 25% 12 0 25% 5 25% 3 2 3 5 120 2 1. 2. 3. 4. Proteins are synthesized (produced) in the 1. Ribosomes 2. Endoplasmic Reticulum 3. Lysosomes 4. centrioles En d op l as m ic ce nt rio le s es Ly so so m Ri Re t ic ul um bo so m es 25% 25% 25% 25% The purpose of the antibiotic in a bacterial transformation experiment is to: gr . .. he bu ... et Pr om ot Pr ev en ta ll ... ba he et ot Pr om an yf or ei ... 25% 25% 25% 25% Ki ll 1. Kill any foreign microbes 2. Promote the bacteria to produce antibodies 3. Prevent all but the transformants from growing 4. Promote the growth of all but the transformants Compounds that release hydrogen ions into solutions are called op hi li Hy dr Hy dr 25% c 25% op ho bi c 25% Ba se s 25% s Acids Bases Hydrophobic Hydrophilic Ac id 1. 2. 3. 4. The “magical” characteristic of Taq Polymerase is that it .. 25% si ts . re s i. .. ta in ain M Is hi g hl y re s i. .. 25% 25% hl y Is hi g re co gn iz e . .. 25% Ca n 1. Can recognize cut sites from both directions 2. Is highly resistant to antibiotics such as ampicilin 3. Is highly resistant to mutagens such as radiation 4. Maintains its tertiary structure and ability to function under boiling conditions 5 mg is equivalent to ug 25% 5, 00 0 ug 25% 50 0 25% g ug 25% 5u .005 ug 5 ug 500 ug 5,000 ug .0 05 1. 2. 3. 4. The best way to obtain an accurate determination regarding the concentration of bacteria within a flask of liquid medium is to 1. Swirl the medium and make an approximation 2. Compare the density of the cultured medium with that of the uncultured medium 3. Run the bacterial DNA out in agarose gel electrophoresis 4. Obtain transmittance readings on the spectrophotometer i.. . tra ns m ac te r.. . Ob t ain eb Ru n th e pa r Co m Sw ir l th e m th e ed i ... de ... 25% 25% 25% 25% To streak bacteria on an agar plate, you would use a(n) 25% 25% et te t.. . et te op ip M icr o. .. t in gl ul a In oc op ip et te r 25% 25% Pi p Micropipetter Inoculating loop Pipette Micropipette tip M icr 1. 2. 3. 4. Small circular loops of DNA (typically 3000 to 15,000 bp in length) naturally found in bacteria are known as Ch ro m id sm 25% at in 25% s 25% Pl a 25% Ge ne s Chromosomes Genes Plasmids Chromatin Ch ro m os om es 1. 2. 3. 4. The best way to measure out 0.157mL of a particular solution would be to use the ___ micropipetter with the dial set on ___ uL. 0.5 to 10/1.57 2 to 20/15.7 20 to 200/157 100 to 1000/1570 10 00 /1 5. .. 10 0 to 20 0/ 15 7 20 to 20 /1 5. 7 o 2t to 10 /1 .5 7 25% 25% 25% 25% 0. 5 1. 2. 3. 4. In order to prevent contamination, it is absolutely essential to change pipet tips, particularly an .. . ... W he n ad di ng oq uo al ee n tw Be Be tw ee n m ixi al ng oq uo th .. . ... 25% 25% 25% 25% W he n 1. When mixing the ingredients within a sample 2. Between aloquots of the first ingredient added to the tubes of several samples 3. Between aloquots of the last ingredient added to the tubes of several samples 4. When adding antibiotics to growth media Which term describes a molecule that is water-hating? op hi li Hy dr 25% Io ni c 25% c 25% ar op ho bi c 25% Po l Hydrophobic Polar Hydrophilic Ionic Hy dr 1. 2. 3. 4. Which choice below lists the correct order of the steps performed during a bacterial transformation? io n, ... Pr ei nc u ba t io n, ... Pr ei nc u ba t io n, ... ba t Pr ei nc u ba t io n, ... 25% 25% 25% 25% Pr ei nc u 1. Preincubation, heat shock, incubation, recovery 2. Preincubation, incubation, heat shock, recovery 3. Preincubation, recovery, incubation, heat shock 4. Preincubation, heat shock, recovery, incubation Microarray technology has recently become a tremendously valuable tool in the hands of scientists because it reveals the .. . se qu en ce Ba se hi c.. . De gr ee to w id of “ De gr ee at io n of ge ... e. .. 25% 25% 25% 25% Lo c 1. Location of genes upon chromosomes 2. Degree of “identicalness” between two samples of DNA of different sources 3. Degree to which several genes are individually expressed within a particular cell or tissue 4. Base sequence differences between diseased and normal genes 25% ot er s 25% Pr om 25% Ge ne s do ns 25% Pr im er s Anticodons Primers Genes Promoters An tic o 1. 2. 3. 4. Regions of DNA that are transcribed into mRNA and then translated into proteins are called? Identify the statement that is FALSE with respect to the difference between DNA and RNA. c.. . DN A di re ct ly ... hy dr og DN A ha s th ym ha s DN A is ge ne ra l in .. . . .. 25% 25% 25% 25% DN A 1. DNA is generally a double stranded, whereas RNA is generally single stranded. 2. DNA has thymine, whereas RNA has uracil. 3. DNA has hydrogen bonds, whereas RNA generally does not. 4. DNA directly codes for proteins, whereas RNA most often directly codes for DNA. When drawing up a solution with a micropipetter, you should tip in ... un g. .. th e Pu t th e Pu sh th e Pu t pl tip in ... un g. .. 4. pl 3. 25% 25% 25% 25% th e 2. Push the plunger to the first stop before placing the tip in the solution and release the plunger slowly. Put the tip in the solution first, then push the plunger to the first stop and release quickly. Push the plunger to the second stop, put the tip in the solution then release the plunger quickly. Put the tip in the solution first, then push the plunger to the second stop and release slowly. Pu sh 1. The primary role of agar in plate growth media is to 1. Give the media a nonclear golden color 2. Provide nutrients 3. Keep the media from drying out 4. Give the media a gel consistency ag m ed ia ed ia Gi ve th e m th e el co n. .. dr ... fro m nu tr de Pr ov i Ke ep Gi ve th e m ed ia an on c le .. ie nt s 25% 25% 25% 25% What is the proper laboratory procedure when disposing of microorganisms? 1. Place in a closed trash can. 2. Wrap in a trash bag and place in trash can. 3. Expose microorganisms to bleach or autoclave. 4. Leave on the bench top until they die. eb ... r. . . th on e m Ex po se Le av tra W ra p in a a in ce Pl a ic r oo s.. . c lo .. . 25% 25% 25% 25% In a serial dilution, the concentration of each successive sample is M n. .. ad e to re m ai n. .. ai re m to ad e M In cr ea se d by by a . .. a. .. 25% 25% 25% 25% De cr ea se d 1. Decreased by a given fraction 2. Increased by a given fraction 3. Made to remain constant 4. Made to remain constant, then to become more dilute over time Which method for transferring new DNA into bacteria involves the bacteria taking up pieces of DNA that are floating freely in solution outside of the cell? 33% at sfo rm sd uc tio n io n. .. 33% Tr an Co nj ug at io n 33% Tr an 1. Conjugation 2. Transduction 3. Transformation To date, the most valuable and widespread application of green fleurescent protein (GFP) is .. . en tig an n As a As a tu m or m or ta g As a 25% ce l.. . a. ;. .. el ty no v 25% 25% .. 25% As a 1. As a novelty; green fleurescent things are really cool 2. As a tag or marker to indicate the presence of an accompanying introduced gene of interest 3. As a tumor cell probe revealing the presence of certain cancers 4. As an antigen to antibiotics such as ampicilin The bond between the complimentary bases of a DNA molecule is og en 25% Hy dr 25% en t 25% Co va l 25% Ph os ph or ic Ionic Phosphoric Covalent Hydrogen Io ni c 1. 2. 3. 4.