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Questions 1 -5
General Introductory Stuff
1. Overview of Metabolism
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Which of the following is an ANABOLIC
reaction which occurs in humans?
A. Net fixation of carbon dioxide into
carbohydrate ANABOLIC BUT NOT IN HUMANS
B. Hydrolysis of DNA into nucleotides CATABOLIC
C. Proteolysis CATABOLIC
D. Glycogenolysis CATABOLIC
E. Lipogenesis ANABOLIC
2. ATP
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Which statement is most CORRECT?
A.
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B.
C.
50 g in a person, turnover 65 kg/day
1 kg of human tissue, on average, contains somewhere
between 0.5 and 5 mg ATP
In a healthy cell, the [ATP] is always much less than the [ADP]
ATP = 4.8, ADP = 0.2, AMP in uM
The total adenine nucleotide pool ([ATP] + [ADP] + [AMP]) in
cells is about 5 mM
ATP = 4.8, ADP = 0.2, AMP in uM
D.
ATP can be produced in the mitochondria of liver cells and
transported in the blood for use by the muscle
ATP doesn’t move out of cells
E.
At room temperature, a 5 mM solution of ATP will completely
hydrolyse into ADP and phosphate within 1 minute.
ATP is stable
3. General FA oxidation
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Which statement about fatty acid oxidation is CORRECT?
A.
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Carnitine is a protein embedded in the cell membrane that allows
fatty acids to enter from the bloodstream
carnitine small molecule, transport across inner mito membrane
B. Fatty acids are covalently attached to Coenzyme A during the
fatty acid oxidation
FAD/NAD catalysed oxidation reactions
is on FA-CoA
C. The oxidation reactions involving FAD/NAD occur only in the
cytoplasm
everything is in the mitochondria
D.
E.
Fatty acids attached to Coenzyme A can move freely across the
mitochondrial membrane
CoA is the ultimate trapper!
Carnitine is consumed (two carbons at a time) during fatty acid
oxidation
carnitine recycled – passes back into cytoplasm
4. Compartmentation
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Which process occurs in the CYTOPLASM?
A. Conversion of fatty acyl-CoA to acetyl-CoA
ATP fatty acid oxidation – mitochondrial
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B. Conversion of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA
Fatty acid synthesis - Cytoplasm
C. Conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA
pyruvate dehydrogenase – mitochondrial
D. Conversion of oxaloacetate and acetyl-CoA to
citrate Krebs Cycle – mitochondrial
E. Conversion of acetyl-CoA into ketone bodies
ketone body formation – liver mitochondrial
5. General Krebs Cycle
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Which description of the operation of the Krebs Cycle
is MOST CORRECT?
A.
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not directly. but GTP made!
The cycle turns acetyl-CoA into ATP
B.
The pathway is located in both the cytoplasm and the
mitochondria
only matrix and inner mito memb
C.
The cycle reacts fuel molecules with oxygen to produce
carbon dioxide oxygen doesn’t come in ‘till electron transport
acetyl CoA in, CoA
and lots of Hs out
D.
The cycle generates CoA and NADH
E.
Most of the ATP in the cell is made directly by enzymes of the
Krebs Cycle by substrate level phosphorylation.
most ATP made by oxidative phosphorylation