Regulation of mitochondrial calcium in plants versus animals
... Ca2+ uptake outside living cells with limited means to quantify free Ca2+ inside mitochondria (see ‘Measuring and sensing of mitochondrial Ca2+’ below) but could also suggest that different uptake systems are present depending on cell and tissue type. Although suffering from similar technical constr ...
... Ca2+ uptake outside living cells with limited means to quantify free Ca2+ inside mitochondria (see ‘Measuring and sensing of mitochondrial Ca2+’ below) but could also suggest that different uptake systems are present depending on cell and tissue type. Although suffering from similar technical constr ...
Functional Interactions Between the Subunits of the Lactose
... proteoliposomal system) this can be determined from the summed activity of all species. However, in whole cells, the ratio of two separately expressed subunits is difficult to control, because of variations in the expression and inaccuracies in the determination of protein levels from, for instance, ...
... proteoliposomal system) this can be determined from the summed activity of all species. However, in whole cells, the ratio of two separately expressed subunits is difficult to control, because of variations in the expression and inaccuracies in the determination of protein levels from, for instance, ...
A plant vacuolar system : the lutoïds from Hevea brasiliensis latex
... It is obvious that an understanding of a cellular organelle requires description of its enzymatic activities. With the exception of the lutoidic phosphohydrolasic activities signalled by SMITH(1954) and ARCHERet al. (1963), the principal points have been elucidated by WJARNISCLE (1965, 1966, 1968, 1 ...
... It is obvious that an understanding of a cellular organelle requires description of its enzymatic activities. With the exception of the lutoidic phosphohydrolasic activities signalled by SMITH(1954) and ARCHERet al. (1963), the principal points have been elucidated by WJARNISCLE (1965, 1966, 1968, 1 ...
Evidence for Several Cysteine Transport Mechanisms in the
... multicellular and unicellular organisms, including protein synthesis, oxidative stress response, iron–sulfur (Fe–S) cluster biogenesis, and regulatory and structural changes in proteins. In plants, cysteine is synthesized from two sequential enzymatic reactions: serine acetyltransferase (SAT) facili ...
... multicellular and unicellular organisms, including protein synthesis, oxidative stress response, iron–sulfur (Fe–S) cluster biogenesis, and regulatory and structural changes in proteins. In plants, cysteine is synthesized from two sequential enzymatic reactions: serine acetyltransferase (SAT) facili ...
Mutational and spectroscopic studies of the significance of the active
... MnSOD (sodA) was cloned into the overexpression vector pET24d (Novagen) using standard techniques and mutagenized by PCR using the megaprimer method [21]. Both strands of the mutant gene were completely sequenced to confirm the presence of the desired Gly77 to Gln and Gln146 to Ala mutations, and th ...
... MnSOD (sodA) was cloned into the overexpression vector pET24d (Novagen) using standard techniques and mutagenized by PCR using the megaprimer method [21]. Both strands of the mutant gene were completely sequenced to confirm the presence of the desired Gly77 to Gln and Gln146 to Ala mutations, and th ...
Auxin biology in roots
... Auxin influx carriers Although auxin can enter the cell by diffusion because of its chemical properties as mentioned above, plants also have influx carrier proteins for auxin (Imhoff et al. 2000, Parry et al. 2001a, 2001b, Tanaka et al. 2006, Teale et al. 2006). AUXIN RESISTANT 1 (AUX1) is the first ...
... Auxin influx carriers Although auxin can enter the cell by diffusion because of its chemical properties as mentioned above, plants also have influx carrier proteins for auxin (Imhoff et al. 2000, Parry et al. 2001a, 2001b, Tanaka et al. 2006, Teale et al. 2006). AUXIN RESISTANT 1 (AUX1) is the first ...
Chapter 1 - York University
... so it is evident that hydrogen transfer cannot occur without electron transfer. The movement of electrons in Equation 1.2 is less obvious. It occurs because oxygen is an element which attracts electrons more strongly than carbon and accordingly the electrons in CO2 are displaced, to some extent, tow ...
... so it is evident that hydrogen transfer cannot occur without electron transfer. The movement of electrons in Equation 1.2 is less obvious. It occurs because oxygen is an element which attracts electrons more strongly than carbon and accordingly the electrons in CO2 are displaced, to some extent, tow ...
product monograph - Takeda Canada Inc.
... Co-administration of pantoprazole is not recommended with HIV protease inhibitors for which absorption is dependent on acidic intragastric pH such as atazanavir, nelfinavir; due to significant reduction in their bioavailability. Concomitant Use with Methotrexate Literature suggests that concomitant ...
... Co-administration of pantoprazole is not recommended with HIV protease inhibitors for which absorption is dependent on acidic intragastric pH such as atazanavir, nelfinavir; due to significant reduction in their bioavailability. Concomitant Use with Methotrexate Literature suggests that concomitant ...
Active Transport of Fentanyl by the Blood-Brain Barrier1
... To corroborate these findings, a study was done to determine the rates of release of [3H]fentanyl from cells preloaded with [3H]fentanyl under control conditions, and one was done in which the supernatant contained 10 mM cold fentanyl (EC75 for saturating the inward transport mechanism). Figure 2 sh ...
... To corroborate these findings, a study was done to determine the rates of release of [3H]fentanyl from cells preloaded with [3H]fentanyl under control conditions, and one was done in which the supernatant contained 10 mM cold fentanyl (EC75 for saturating the inward transport mechanism). Figure 2 sh ...
EXAMINATION OF THE STRUCTURE AND EVOLUTION OF ION ENERGY
... angles with respect to the thruster at two axial locations in order to gain insight into the acceleration structure and how it is affected by the Hall thruster’s annular configuration. These measurements were performed at several operating conditions to investigate how changes to the discharge volta ...
... angles with respect to the thruster at two axial locations in order to gain insight into the acceleration structure and how it is affected by the Hall thruster’s annular configuration. These measurements were performed at several operating conditions to investigate how changes to the discharge volta ...
practice oxidative phosphorylation worksheet11
... A series of proteins in the inner membrane will be used to do so. Active transport utilized to move H+ against concentration gradient in the Electron Transport Chain! A series of redox reactions are employed as H+ ions are moved against a concentration gradient via active transport. Protein Complexe ...
... A series of proteins in the inner membrane will be used to do so. Active transport utilized to move H+ against concentration gradient in the Electron Transport Chain! A series of redox reactions are employed as H+ ions are moved against a concentration gradient via active transport. Protein Complexe ...
Biology: Concepts and Connections, 6e (Campbell)
... Answer: A Topic: 5.8 Skill: Conceptual Understanding 27) Which of the following is a typical feature of an ATP-driven active transport mechanism? A) The transport protein must cross to the correct side of the membrane before the solute can bind to it. B) The solute must be phosphorylated before it c ...
... Answer: A Topic: 5.8 Skill: Conceptual Understanding 27) Which of the following is a typical feature of an ATP-driven active transport mechanism? A) The transport protein must cross to the correct side of the membrane before the solute can bind to it. B) The solute must be phosphorylated before it c ...
Phospholipids of some marine microalgae: Identification, antivirus
... cell. Phospholipids are synthesized by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. They are the major component of most eukaryotic cell membranes, which play a fundamental role in compartmentalizing the biochemistry of life. The quantity and composition of phospholipids are so regulated in a way that ...
... cell. Phospholipids are synthesized by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. They are the major component of most eukaryotic cell membranes, which play a fundamental role in compartmentalizing the biochemistry of life. The quantity and composition of phospholipids are so regulated in a way that ...
Chlorophyll - Plant Physiology
... activation of lipid synthesis, as acetyl-CoA carboxylase, a key enzyme of fatty acid synthesis, is activated upon reduction, and a redox potential generated by photosynthesis is involved in this activation through thioredoxin (Sasaki et al., 1997; Weber et al., 2005). Thus, it is feasible that photo ...
... activation of lipid synthesis, as acetyl-CoA carboxylase, a key enzyme of fatty acid synthesis, is activated upon reduction, and a redox potential generated by photosynthesis is involved in this activation through thioredoxin (Sasaki et al., 1997; Weber et al., 2005). Thus, it is feasible that photo ...
The enzymes of biotin dependent CO2 metabolism: What structures
... cofactor. BCCP functions as a ‘‘swinging arm’’ that allows the cofactor to shuttle between the biotin carboxylase and carboxyltransferase subunits of the complex. The structure of biotin carboxylase from E. coli was reported in 1994, and it represented the first glimpse of a biotin-dependent carboxy ...
... cofactor. BCCP functions as a ‘‘swinging arm’’ that allows the cofactor to shuttle between the biotin carboxylase and carboxyltransferase subunits of the complex. The structure of biotin carboxylase from E. coli was reported in 1994, and it represented the first glimpse of a biotin-dependent carboxy ...
INHIBITION OF OAT3-MEDIATED RENAL UPTAKE AS A
... urinary excretion has been considered to be a minor elimination pathway. However, the fact that the absolute oral bioavailability of fexofenadine is, on average, 33% means that a considerable amount of fexofenadine is excreted into the urine over a 24-h period (36% of the amount absorbed into the ci ...
... urinary excretion has been considered to be a minor elimination pathway. However, the fact that the absolute oral bioavailability of fexofenadine is, on average, 33% means that a considerable amount of fexofenadine is excreted into the urine over a 24-h period (36% of the amount absorbed into the ci ...
Full Text
... are involved in various cellular processes, including signal transmission (Mythreye and Blobe 2009; Schaefer and Schaefer 2010), immune response (Chen et al. 2008; Marth and Grewal 2008), bacterial pathogenesis (Boneca 2005), and cancer progression (Vlodavsky et al. 2007; Iozzo et al. 2009). Polysac ...
... are involved in various cellular processes, including signal transmission (Mythreye and Blobe 2009; Schaefer and Schaefer 2010), immune response (Chen et al. 2008; Marth and Grewal 2008), bacterial pathogenesis (Boneca 2005), and cancer progression (Vlodavsky et al. 2007; Iozzo et al. 2009). Polysac ...
Algal and cyanobacterial responses to fluoride
... effect and thus stimulates growth. 2. Single most important barrier to fluoride is the cell envelope (cell wall + cell membrane). Cellulosic cell wall of eukaryotic algae is much tougher than the gram-negative type cyanobacterial cell wall that offers more susceptible sites for direct F action. 3. T ...
... effect and thus stimulates growth. 2. Single most important barrier to fluoride is the cell envelope (cell wall + cell membrane). Cellulosic cell wall of eukaryotic algae is much tougher than the gram-negative type cyanobacterial cell wall that offers more susceptible sites for direct F action. 3. T ...
Binding of Imipramine to Phospholipid Bilayers Using
... The tendency to refer to the result of drug-lipid bilayer interaction as “binding” has been subject to discussion because of the general meaning of this term in the classic enzyme-substrate or ligand-receptor interaction studies (Heirwegh et al. 1992). Binding into a bilayer is considered a restrict ...
... The tendency to refer to the result of drug-lipid bilayer interaction as “binding” has been subject to discussion because of the general meaning of this term in the classic enzyme-substrate or ligand-receptor interaction studies (Heirwegh et al. 1992). Binding into a bilayer is considered a restrict ...
Journal of Bacteriology
... coli strain K-235 was much higher than that of the corresponding enzyme in two E. coli K-12 strains tested. The L-alanine adding enzyme activity of strain K-235 was about equal at 30 and 42 C, whereas the K-12 enzyme at 42 C possessed only 40% of the activity found at 30 C. The specific activity of ...
... coli strain K-235 was much higher than that of the corresponding enzyme in two E. coli K-12 strains tested. The L-alanine adding enzyme activity of strain K-235 was about equal at 30 and 42 C, whereas the K-12 enzyme at 42 C possessed only 40% of the activity found at 30 C. The specific activity of ...
Application of Hepatocytes for In Vitro Uptake Studies
... Effect of hepatocyte concentration in incubation High hepatocyte concentrations in incubation decreases observed metabolic clearance for transported drugs Result: Unbound cell-to-medium ratio decreases for actively transported drugs with increasing hepatocyte concentration Lower [Drug] in hepatocyte ...
... Effect of hepatocyte concentration in incubation High hepatocyte concentrations in incubation decreases observed metabolic clearance for transported drugs Result: Unbound cell-to-medium ratio decreases for actively transported drugs with increasing hepatocyte concentration Lower [Drug] in hepatocyte ...
ABSTRACT Actuation Mechanisms of Conjugated Polymer Actuators: Ion Transport
... Figure 11. An experimental configuration that makes ion transport the rate-limiting step in PPy(DBS) (vertical dimensions exaggerated). A thin stripe of the electrochromic material is in contact with an electrode on its bottom side, and its top side is covered by an ion-blocking layer. During electr ...
... Figure 11. An experimental configuration that makes ion transport the rate-limiting step in PPy(DBS) (vertical dimensions exaggerated). A thin stripe of the electrochromic material is in contact with an electrode on its bottom side, and its top side is covered by an ion-blocking layer. During electr ...
PFK - ePrints USM
... PFK production significantly. The ATP-PFK enzyme was purified by desalting (ultrafiltration) chromatography, affinity chromatography and anion exchange chromatography. The purification of ATP-PFK from L.antarcticum yielded 2.85 mg of purified PFK enzyme at a purification fold of about 1.3 with speci ...
... PFK production significantly. The ATP-PFK enzyme was purified by desalting (ultrafiltration) chromatography, affinity chromatography and anion exchange chromatography. The purification of ATP-PFK from L.antarcticum yielded 2.85 mg of purified PFK enzyme at a purification fold of about 1.3 with speci ...
Characterization of the regulatory function of the 46
... Arabidopsis Rubisco activase was recently shown to be regulated by redox changes in the larger (46-kDa) isoform specifically mediated by thioredoxin-f [Zhang and Portis (1999) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96: 9438–9443]. Reduction greatly increases the activity of the 46-kDa isoform and the native protein ...
... Arabidopsis Rubisco activase was recently shown to be regulated by redox changes in the larger (46-kDa) isoform specifically mediated by thioredoxin-f [Zhang and Portis (1999) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96: 9438–9443]. Reduction greatly increases the activity of the 46-kDa isoform and the native protein ...
The influence of macrolide antibiotics on the uptake of organic
... position actuator control module (VICI Valco Instruments Co. Inc., Houston, USA) to separate the cell lysate salts. The HPLC system was an Agilent Series 1100 (Agilent Technologies Deutschland GmbH, Böblingen, Germany). The HPLC column used was a Luna 3 µ CN 100 Å (100 X 2.0 mm) with a pre-column VS ...
... position actuator control module (VICI Valco Instruments Co. Inc., Houston, USA) to separate the cell lysate salts. The HPLC system was an Agilent Series 1100 (Agilent Technologies Deutschland GmbH, Böblingen, Germany). The HPLC column used was a Luna 3 µ CN 100 Å (100 X 2.0 mm) with a pre-column VS ...
Magnesium in biology
Magnesium is an essential element in biological systems. Magnesium occurs typically as the Mg2+ ion. It is an essential mineral nutrient (i.e., element) for life and is present in every cell type in every organism. For example, ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the main source of energy in cells, must be bound to a magnesium ion in order to be biologically active. What is called ATP is often actually Mg-ATP. As such, magnesium plays a role in the stability of all polyphosphate compounds in the cells, including those associated with the synthesis of DNA and RNA.Over 300 enzymes require the presence of magnesium ions for their catalytic action, including all enzymes utilizing or synthesizing ATP, or those that use other nucleotides to synthesize DNA and RNA.In plants, magnesium is necessary for synthesis of chlorophyll and photosynthesis.