Microbiology
... kidneys, and modest endogenous synthesis (Rebouche & Seim, 1998). Carnitine and acylcarnitines are primarily absorbed from the lumen of the small intestine, where they are actively transported into enterocytes and diffuse past the serosal membrane into the circulatory system so they can then be tran ...
... kidneys, and modest endogenous synthesis (Rebouche & Seim, 1998). Carnitine and acylcarnitines are primarily absorbed from the lumen of the small intestine, where they are actively transported into enterocytes and diffuse past the serosal membrane into the circulatory system so they can then be tran ...
Riboflavin (Vitamin B )
... As the catalytically operating moiety within bound flavocoenzymes, riboflavin participates in oxidation-reduction reactions in numerous metabolic pathways and in energy production via the respiratory chain. Riboflavin ...
... As the catalytically operating moiety within bound flavocoenzymes, riboflavin participates in oxidation-reduction reactions in numerous metabolic pathways and in energy production via the respiratory chain. Riboflavin ...
Metabolic downregulation during diapause in embryos of Artemia
... Trehalose has been shown to accumulate in desiccation tolerant tissues of plant and animal species (Clegg 2001). Trehalose is able to stabilize proteins and membranes during freezing and drying (Crowe et al. 2005). Numerous in vitro studies have demonstrated the ability of molecules like trehalose ...
... Trehalose has been shown to accumulate in desiccation tolerant tissues of plant and animal species (Clegg 2001). Trehalose is able to stabilize proteins and membranes during freezing and drying (Crowe et al. 2005). Numerous in vitro studies have demonstrated the ability of molecules like trehalose ...
Ch23-Oxidation of Fatty Acids and Ketone Bodies
... ATP is generated from oxidation of fatty acids in the pathway of -oxidation. Between meals and during overnight fasting, long-chain fatty acids are released from adipose tissue triacylglycerols. They circulate through blood bound to albumin (Fig. 23.1). In cells, they are converted to fatty acyl Co ...
... ATP is generated from oxidation of fatty acids in the pathway of -oxidation. Between meals and during overnight fasting, long-chain fatty acids are released from adipose tissue triacylglycerols. They circulate through blood bound to albumin (Fig. 23.1). In cells, they are converted to fatty acyl Co ...
Panel 13–2 The complete citric acid cycle
... displaces the CoA, forming a high-energy phosphate linkage to succinate. This phosphate is then passed to GDP to form GTP. (In bacteria and plants, ATP is formed instead.) ...
... displaces the CoA, forming a high-energy phosphate linkage to succinate. This phosphate is then passed to GDP to form GTP. (In bacteria and plants, ATP is formed instead.) ...
AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF
... Department of Defense (DOD) agencies. The Installation Restoration Program (IRP) Site 24 consists of two smaller adjacent underground storage tank (UST) locations formerly identified as Sites 23 and 55 in a western portion of the NAWS facility. Tanks consisted of one 550 gallon concrete oil/water se ...
... Department of Defense (DOD) agencies. The Installation Restoration Program (IRP) Site 24 consists of two smaller adjacent underground storage tank (UST) locations formerly identified as Sites 23 and 55 in a western portion of the NAWS facility. Tanks consisted of one 550 gallon concrete oil/water se ...
Fatty Acids :biosynthesis
... Summary of Fatty Acid Biosynthesis • When the cell energy level is high, rather than being used by the Krebs cycle, acetyl CoA is transferred from the mitochondrial matrix to the cytosol. • In the cytosol, acetyl CoA is converted to malonyl CoA, which is used by fatty acyl synthase (FAS) for the sy ...
... Summary of Fatty Acid Biosynthesis • When the cell energy level is high, rather than being used by the Krebs cycle, acetyl CoA is transferred from the mitochondrial matrix to the cytosol. • In the cytosol, acetyl CoA is converted to malonyl CoA, which is used by fatty acyl synthase (FAS) for the sy ...
New insight into the photoheterotrophic growth of the
... second compartment of the MELiSSA loop, will be used to photoassimilate these volatile fatty acids. The assimilation of carbon sources that enter central carbon metabolism through acetyl-CoA requires an alternative cycle to replenish the TCA cycle intermediates used for the synthesis of all cell com ...
... second compartment of the MELiSSA loop, will be used to photoassimilate these volatile fatty acids. The assimilation of carbon sources that enter central carbon metabolism through acetyl-CoA requires an alternative cycle to replenish the TCA cycle intermediates used for the synthesis of all cell com ...
Slide 1
... • Hormone Sensitive Lipase is activated by cAMP • Cyclic AMP also turns off acetyl CoA carboxylase, stopping FA synthesis ...
... • Hormone Sensitive Lipase is activated by cAMP • Cyclic AMP also turns off acetyl CoA carboxylase, stopping FA synthesis ...
Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis
... enzymes that catalyze the transfer of a phosphoryl group from ATP to an acceptor. Hexokinase, then, catalyzes the transfer of a phosphoryl group from ATP to a variety of six-carbon sugars (hexoses), such as glucose and mannose. Hexokinase, as well as all other kinases, requires Mg2⫹ (or another diva ...
... enzymes that catalyze the transfer of a phosphoryl group from ATP to an acceptor. Hexokinase, then, catalyzes the transfer of a phosphoryl group from ATP to a variety of six-carbon sugars (hexoses), such as glucose and mannose. Hexokinase, as well as all other kinases, requires Mg2⫹ (or another diva ...
Emerging role of Nrf2 - Discovery
... maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis by regulating the biosynthesis, utilization, and regeneration of glutathione, thioredoxin, and NADPH and by controlling the production of reactive oxygen species by mitochondria and NADPH oxidase. Under homeostatic conditions, Nrf2 affects the mitochondrial ...
... maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis by regulating the biosynthesis, utilization, and regeneration of glutathione, thioredoxin, and NADPH and by controlling the production of reactive oxygen species by mitochondria and NADPH oxidase. Under homeostatic conditions, Nrf2 affects the mitochondrial ...
dhaA - Queen`s University Belfast
... This does not allow them to react with most molecules – just as well !!! – SPIN FORBIDDEN. ...
... This does not allow them to react with most molecules – just as well !!! – SPIN FORBIDDEN. ...
The Proposed Effects of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD
... produced anaerobically. The question instantly raised is to whether oxygen is ever in short supply, does it become a limiting factor for energy metabolism? The body will adapt to training in a variety of manners so that only under extreme conditions is oxygen a limiting factor. All of these adaptati ...
... produced anaerobically. The question instantly raised is to whether oxygen is ever in short supply, does it become a limiting factor for energy metabolism? The body will adapt to training in a variety of manners so that only under extreme conditions is oxygen a limiting factor. All of these adaptati ...
Electron transport chain
An electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of compounds that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions, and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of protons (H+ ions) across a membrane. This creates an electrochemical proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis, or the generation of chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The final acceptor of electrons in the electron transport chain is molecular oxygen.Electron transport chains are used for extracting energy via redox reactions from sunlight in photosynthesis or, such as in the case of the oxidation of sugars, cellular respiration. In eukaryotes, an important electron transport chain is found in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it serves as the site of oxidative phosphorylation through the use of ATP synthase. It is also found in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast in photosynthetic eukaryotes. In bacteria, the electron transport chain is located in their cell membrane.In chloroplasts, light drives the conversion of water to oxygen and NADP+ to NADPH with transfer of H+ ions across chloroplast membranes. In mitochondria, it is the conversion of oxygen to water, NADH to NAD+ and succinate to fumarate that are required to generate the proton gradient. Electron transport chains are major sites of premature electron leakage to oxygen, generating superoxide and potentially resulting in increased oxidative stress.