What is the Electron Transport Chain?
... The electron transport chain uses electrons temporarily stored in NADH and FADH2 to reduce a series of membrane associated protein complexes which use the released energy to pump protons out of the mitochondrial matrix. The energy stored in the concentration gradient created is known as the proton m ...
... The electron transport chain uses electrons temporarily stored in NADH and FADH2 to reduce a series of membrane associated protein complexes which use the released energy to pump protons out of the mitochondrial matrix. The energy stored in the concentration gradient created is known as the proton m ...
Slide 1
... In Animals In the presence of oxygen pyruvate is transported into the mitochondria where it enters the next major metabolic pathway for the production of ATP energy. The citric acid cycle. Aerobic. If there is no oxygen present then the pyruvate is converted to a substance called lactate. ...
... In Animals In the presence of oxygen pyruvate is transported into the mitochondria where it enters the next major metabolic pathway for the production of ATP energy. The citric acid cycle. Aerobic. If there is no oxygen present then the pyruvate is converted to a substance called lactate. ...
Microbial Metabolism - ASAB-NUST
... • Acetyl-CoA is energy rich because a high energy thiol links acetic acid to coenzyme A. ...
... • Acetyl-CoA is energy rich because a high energy thiol links acetic acid to coenzyme A. ...
T/F 1. Pyruvate, the end product of glycolysis, is processed
... 6. How many molecules of CO2 are produced for each molecule of glucose that passes through glycolysis and the Krebs cycle? a. 2 b. 3 c. 6 d. 7 7. The electrons generated from the Krebs cycle are transferred to ____________ and then are shuttled to _______________. a. NAD+ / oxygen b. NAD+ / electron ...
... 6. How many molecules of CO2 are produced for each molecule of glucose that passes through glycolysis and the Krebs cycle? a. 2 b. 3 c. 6 d. 7 7. The electrons generated from the Krebs cycle are transferred to ____________ and then are shuttled to _______________. a. NAD+ / oxygen b. NAD+ / electron ...
Exam Name___________________________________
... 11) To reduce one molecule of O2 , ________ electron(s) must be passed through the electron transport chain and ________ molecule(s) of NADH is(are) oxidized. B) 4; 4 C) 1; 2 A) 1; 1 12) Which is a component of complex I? A) FMN B) FAD ...
... 11) To reduce one molecule of O2 , ________ electron(s) must be passed through the electron transport chain and ________ molecule(s) of NADH is(are) oxidized. B) 4; 4 C) 1; 2 A) 1; 1 12) Which is a component of complex I? A) FMN B) FAD ...
File
... G1-5: The electron transport chain captures free energy from electrons in a series of coupled reactions that establish an electrochemical gradient across membranes. Evidence of student learning is a demonstrated understanding of each of the following: 1. Electron transport chain reactions occur in c ...
... G1-5: The electron transport chain captures free energy from electrons in a series of coupled reactions that establish an electrochemical gradient across membranes. Evidence of student learning is a demonstrated understanding of each of the following: 1. Electron transport chain reactions occur in c ...
Electron Transport Chain _ETC
... captured and stored by the production of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi). This process is called oxidative phosphorylation. The remainder of the free energy that not trapped as ATP is released as heat. ETC is a chain of protein (enzyme) complexes embedded in the inner mitochondrial membran ...
... captured and stored by the production of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi). This process is called oxidative phosphorylation. The remainder of the free energy that not trapped as ATP is released as heat. ETC is a chain of protein (enzyme) complexes embedded in the inner mitochondrial membran ...
Oxidative phosphorylation (mitochondria)
... Oxidation… not like burning a marshmallow. Rather, stepwise release of energy. ...
... Oxidation… not like burning a marshmallow. Rather, stepwise release of energy. ...
File
... because ATP is continuously being made at the same rate as it is being used up it is converted into Glucose-6phosphate (high energy) ...
... because ATP is continuously being made at the same rate as it is being used up it is converted into Glucose-6phosphate (high energy) ...
Krebs Cycle - Deranged Physiology
... operated by NADH and FADH. Electrons move down the redox gradient and the resulting energy is used to pump H+ ions out of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Purpose is to build a negative charge inside membrane and thus attract H+ ions back into the mitochondrion. (the membrane is impervious to H+ ex ...
... operated by NADH and FADH. Electrons move down the redox gradient and the resulting energy is used to pump H+ ions out of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Purpose is to build a negative charge inside membrane and thus attract H+ ions back into the mitochondrion. (the membrane is impervious to H+ ex ...
Chemolithotrophs
... inorganic electron donor for energy and electrons. • Chemolithotrophs: reduced inorganic electron donor for energy and electrons. • Phototrophs: use light energy and an electron donor molecule (H2O, H2S, organic). • Both may be autotrophs: fix CO2 into organic carbon via the Calvin Cycle. ...
... inorganic electron donor for energy and electrons. • Chemolithotrophs: reduced inorganic electron donor for energy and electrons. • Phototrophs: use light energy and an electron donor molecule (H2O, H2S, organic). • Both may be autotrophs: fix CO2 into organic carbon via the Calvin Cycle. ...
Week 4
... What drives protons out of matrix into intermembrane space? • Energy released as electron moves down the electron transport chain. • Quantify the energy DGo = - n (0.023) (DE’o); n = number of electrons used; DE’o = difference in redox potential between oxidizing agent and reducing agent (see bel ...
... What drives protons out of matrix into intermembrane space? • Energy released as electron moves down the electron transport chain. • Quantify the energy DGo = - n (0.023) (DE’o); n = number of electrons used; DE’o = difference in redox potential between oxidizing agent and reducing agent (see bel ...
Week 4
... What drives protons out of matrix into intermembrane space? • Energy released as electron moves down the electron transport chain. • Quantify the energy DGo = - n (0.023) (DE’o); n = number of electrons used; DE’o = difference in redox potential between oxidizing agent and reducing agent (see bel ...
... What drives protons out of matrix into intermembrane space? • Energy released as electron moves down the electron transport chain. • Quantify the energy DGo = - n (0.023) (DE’o); n = number of electrons used; DE’o = difference in redox potential between oxidizing agent and reducing agent (see bel ...
Electron Transport Chain _ETC
... PROTON PUMP AND ATP SYNTHESIS The energy of electron transfer is used to drive protons out of the matrix by the complexes I, III and IV that are proton pumps. The proton pumps (complexes I, III and IV) expel H+ from inside to outside of the inner membrane. So, there is high H+ concentration outside ...
... PROTON PUMP AND ATP SYNTHESIS The energy of electron transfer is used to drive protons out of the matrix by the complexes I, III and IV that are proton pumps. The proton pumps (complexes I, III and IV) expel H+ from inside to outside of the inner membrane. So, there is high H+ concentration outside ...
Aerobic Metabolism ii: electron transport chain
... During the oxidation of NADH there are 3 steps in which the change in reduction potential is sufficient for ATP synthesis. This steps occurs in complexes I, III and IV. The resulting transmembrane proton gradient is used to make ATP via ATP synthase. Recent experimental evidence indicates that appro ...
... During the oxidation of NADH there are 3 steps in which the change in reduction potential is sufficient for ATP synthesis. This steps occurs in complexes I, III and IV. The resulting transmembrane proton gradient is used to make ATP via ATP synthase. Recent experimental evidence indicates that appro ...
Aerobic Metabolism ii: electron transport chain
... The reduced product, ubiquinol (QH2) freely diffuses within the membrane, and Complex I translocates four protons (H+) across the membrane, thus producing a proton gradient. Major sources of NADH include several reactions of TCA cycle and fatty acid oxidation. Composed of at least 25 different polyp ...
... The reduced product, ubiquinol (QH2) freely diffuses within the membrane, and Complex I translocates four protons (H+) across the membrane, thus producing a proton gradient. Major sources of NADH include several reactions of TCA cycle and fatty acid oxidation. Composed of at least 25 different polyp ...
Aerobic Metabolism ii: electron transport chain
... The reduced product, ubiquinol (QH2) freely diffuses within the membrane, and Complex I translocates four protons (H+) across the membrane, thus producing a proton gradient. Major sources of NADH include several reactions of TCA cycle and fatty acid oxidation. Composed of at least 25 different polyp ...
... The reduced product, ubiquinol (QH2) freely diffuses within the membrane, and Complex I translocates four protons (H+) across the membrane, thus producing a proton gradient. Major sources of NADH include several reactions of TCA cycle and fatty acid oxidation. Composed of at least 25 different polyp ...
electron transport chain
... So; the chemiosmotic hypothesis proposes that: • After protons have been pumped to the cytosolic side of the inner mitochondrial membrane, they re-enter the matrix by passing through a channel in the membranespanning domain (Fo) of Complex V, driving the rotation of Fo and, at the same time, dissip ...
... So; the chemiosmotic hypothesis proposes that: • After protons have been pumped to the cytosolic side of the inner mitochondrial membrane, they re-enter the matrix by passing through a channel in the membranespanning domain (Fo) of Complex V, driving the rotation of Fo and, at the same time, dissip ...
Learning Objectives
... What occurs during the four major stages of metabolism? When carbohydrates are digested, what is produced? Proteins? Lipids? Under what conditions does the citric acid cycle function? You should know the overall types of reactions for the citric acid cycle. If I were to give you a figure of the citr ...
... What occurs during the four major stages of metabolism? When carbohydrates are digested, what is produced? Proteins? Lipids? Under what conditions does the citric acid cycle function? You should know the overall types of reactions for the citric acid cycle. If I were to give you a figure of the citr ...
CHAPTER-V BIOLOGICAL OXIDATION
... Complex III In Complex III (cytochrome bc1 complex; EC 1.10.2.2), the Q-cycle contributes to the proton gradient by an asymmetric absorption/release of protons. Two electrons are removed from QH2 at the QO site and sequentially transferred to two molecules of cytochrome c, a water-soluble electron ...
... Complex III In Complex III (cytochrome bc1 complex; EC 1.10.2.2), the Q-cycle contributes to the proton gradient by an asymmetric absorption/release of protons. Two electrons are removed from QH2 at the QO site and sequentially transferred to two molecules of cytochrome c, a water-soluble electron ...
Chapter 1 Homework - due Tuesday, Sept
... 3. Why is each of the following essential to chemiosmotic ATP synthesis? a) electron transport chain - these protein complexes pump protons into the intermembrane space while passing electrons between them b) proton gradient - so that hydrogen ions will diffuse through the ATP synthase channels down ...
... 3. Why is each of the following essential to chemiosmotic ATP synthesis? a) electron transport chain - these protein complexes pump protons into the intermembrane space while passing electrons between them b) proton gradient - so that hydrogen ions will diffuse through the ATP synthase channels down ...
The Proton Motive Force
... the terminal electron acceptor During electron transfer, several protons are released on outside of the membrane Results in generation of pH gradient and an electrochemical potential across the membrane (the proton motive force) Terminal oxidase; reduces O2 to H2O ATP synthase (ATPase): complex that ...
... the terminal electron acceptor During electron transfer, several protons are released on outside of the membrane Results in generation of pH gradient and an electrochemical potential across the membrane (the proton motive force) Terminal oxidase; reduces O2 to H2O ATP synthase (ATPase): complex that ...
Electron transport chain
An electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of compounds that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions, and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of protons (H+ ions) across a membrane. This creates an electrochemical proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis, or the generation of chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The final acceptor of electrons in the electron transport chain is molecular oxygen.Electron transport chains are used for extracting energy via redox reactions from sunlight in photosynthesis or, such as in the case of the oxidation of sugars, cellular respiration. In eukaryotes, an important electron transport chain is found in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it serves as the site of oxidative phosphorylation through the use of ATP synthase. It is also found in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast in photosynthetic eukaryotes. In bacteria, the electron transport chain is located in their cell membrane.In chloroplasts, light drives the conversion of water to oxygen and NADP+ to NADPH with transfer of H+ ions across chloroplast membranes. In mitochondria, it is the conversion of oxygen to water, NADH to NAD+ and succinate to fumarate that are required to generate the proton gradient. Electron transport chains are major sites of premature electron leakage to oxygen, generating superoxide and potentially resulting in increased oxidative stress.
