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Simplified Diagram of Cellular Metabolism ©1998 by Alberts, Bray, Johnson, Lewis, Raff, Roberts, Walter . http://www.essentialcellbiology.com Published by Garland Publishing, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group. STAGE 1: BREAKDOWN OF LARGE MACROMOLECULES TO SIMPLE SUBUNITS proteins polysaccharides fats amino acids simple sugars fatty acids and glycerol glucose glycolysis CYTOSOL STAGE 2: BREAKDOWN OF SIMPLE SUBUNITS TO ACETYL CoA ACCOMPANIED BY PRODUCTION OF LIMITED AMOUNTS OF ATP AND NADH ATP NADH pyruvate acetyl CoA citric acid cycle mitochondrial membranes STAGE 3: COMPLETE OXIDATION OF ACETYL CoA TO H2O AND CO2 ACCOMPANIED BY PRODUCTION OF LARGE AMOUNTS OF NADH AND ATP IN MITOCHONDRION O2 plasma membrane of eucaryotic cell NH3 oxidative phosphorylation reducing power as NADH ATP ATP ATP H2O waste products CO2