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Transcript
A Cell’s Life Fun Fact of The Day The average human being is composed of around 100 Trillion individual cells!!! It would take as many as 50 cells to cover the area of a dot on the letter “i” WOW!!! Discovery of Cells 1665- English Scientist, Robert Hooke, discovered cells while looking at a thin slice of cork. He described the cells as tiny boxes or a honeycomb He thought that cells only existed in plants and fungi The Cell Theory The 3 Basic Components of the Cell Theory 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells. 2. The cell is the basic unit of life in all living things. 3. All cells are produced by the division of preexisting cells. The Cell Theory Rap Listen close to the story I tell. It's the rapping story of the living cell. It's a happy tune that's sort of cheery. About a real tough topic called the cell theory. All animals, plants, and protists too, Are made of cells with different jobs to do. They're the basic units of all organisms, And I hope by now you got the rhythm. It all started with one dude named Hooke. Who at some cork cells took a look. He used a scope and took his time. 'Cause a cell is small and thinner than a dime. Say 1, 2, 3, 4, Are you ready to learn some more? The animal cell has many parts, And you must know each one by heart. Like the farmer man in the dell. The nucleus controls the cell. its gives the orders -- kind of like a brain. And it's protected by a nuclear membrane. Around the cell, you'll find another "skin," The cellular membrane holds the whole cell in But its job isn't simple there's no doubt, It lets some particles go in and out. Now please don't lose your science enthusiasm, Listen to the story of the cytoplsm. All around the cell this thick fluid does go, But in the nucleus it will not flow. And don't forget those ribosomes This is where proteins come from. These protein factories are so small, you'll agree, You need an electron microscope to see. Just when you thought you weren't having any fun, Along comes teh endoplasmic reticulum. These tubelike structures serve as a track, To carry stuff to the membrane and back. Now have you ever seen any doughnuts without holes? In a cell, they're called vacuoles. They're filled with stuff like H2O And they carry food so the cell can grow. Las of all, but not the very least, Mitochondria - mighty cellular beasts, Since they turn sugars into energy so well, We call them the powerhouse of the cell. Now my friend, you know it well, The unforgettable story of the living cell. Cell Video Cell Organelles Organelle= “little organ” Found only inside eukaryotic cells All the stuff in between the organelles is cytosol Everything in a cell except the nucleus is cytoplasm REVIEW Cell Membrane Boundary of the cell Made of a phospholipid bilayer Go BACK Nucleus Control center of the cell Contains DNA Surrounded by a double membrane Usually the easiest organelle to see under a microscope Usually one per cell Go BACK Endoplasmic Reticulum A.k.a. “ER” Connected to nuclear membrane Highway of the cell Rough ER: studded with ribosomes; it makes proteins Smooth ER: no ribosomes; it makes lipids Go BACK Ribosome Site of protein synthesis Found attached to rough ER or floating free in cytosol Produced in a part of the nucleus called the nucleolus That looks familiar…what is a polypeptide? Go BACK Golgi Apparatus Looks like a stack of plates Stores, modifies and packages proteins Molecules transported to and from the Golgi by means of vesicles Go BACK Mitochondria “Powerhouse of the cell” Cellular respiration occurs here to release energy for the cell to use Bound by a double membrane Has its own strand of DNA Go BACK Chloroplast Found only in plant cells Contains the green pigment chlorophyll Site of food (glucose) production Bound by a double membrane Go BACK Cell Wall Found in plant and bacterial cells Rigid, protective barrier Located outside of the cell membrane Made of cellulose (fiber) Go BACK Quick Review Which organelle is the control center of the cell? Nucleus Which organelle holds the cell together? Cell membrane Which organelles are not found in animal cells? Cell wall, central vacuole, chloroplasts Which organelle helps plant cells make food? Chloroplasts What does E.R. stand for? Endoplasmic reticulum Now For A GAME