Download Animal Cell

Parts of the Cell
Animal Cell
Cytoplasm
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Go to
Section:
Cell Membrane
What are Cells?
•The cell theory states the following:
All living things are composed of cells.
Cells are the basic units of structure and
function in living things.
• All cells are produced from other cells.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o1GQ
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Two Types of Cells:
1. Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound
internal structures. Organisms whose cells lacks
a nucleus.
2. Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound
structures. Organisms with cells that contain
nuclei.
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
1. Nucleus
– Nickname: “The Control Center”
– Function: holds the DNA
– Parts:
•
•
•
Chromatin: strands that contain genetic
material
Nucleolus: dark spot in the middle of the
nucleus that helps make ribosomes
Nuclear Membrane: Surrounds the nucleus
– Plant and animal cells
Animal Cell
Cytoplasm
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Go to
Section:
Ribosomes
Cell Membrane
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and
Function
2. Ribosomes
– Function: makes proteins
– Located: 2 places - Connected to the ER
and all throughout the cell.
Animal Cell
Cytoplasm
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Rough
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Go to
Section:
Ribosomes
Cell Membrane
Smooth
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and
Function
3. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
– Nickname: “Roads”
– Function: The internal delivery system of
the cell
– Located: Close to the nucleus
– 2 types: 1. Rough ER – Has the
ribosomes attached to it. 2. Smooth ER –
does not have ribosomes attached to it.
– Plant and animal cells
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Animal Cell
Section 7-2
Cytoplasm
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Golgi Complex
Go to
Section:
Ribosomes
Cell Membrane
Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and
Function
4. Golgi Complex
– Nickname: The shippers
– Function: packages, modifies, and
transports materials to different location
inside/outside of the cell
– Appearance: stack of pancakes
– Located: Cytoplasm
– Plant and animal cells
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Animal Cell
Section 7-2
Cytoplasm
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Golgi Bodies
Go to
Section:
Ribosomes
Cell Membrane
Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and
Function
5. Lysosomes: circular, but bigger than
ribosomes)
– Nickname: “Clean-up Crews”
– Function: to break down food into particles
the rest of the cell can use and to destroy
old cells
– Located: Cytoplasm
– Plant and animal cells
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Animal Cell
Section 7-2
Cytoplasm
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Cell Membrane
Mitochondria
Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Golgi Bodies
Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and
Function
6. Mitochondria
– Nickname: “The Powerhouse”
– Function: Energy formation
•
Breaks down food to make ATP
– ATP: is the major fuel for all cell activities that
require energy
– Located: Cytoplasm
– Plant and animal cells
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Section 7-2
Plant Cell
Vacuole
Cell Membrane
Go to
Section:
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and
Function
7. Vacuoles
– Function:
•
Plant Cells
–
–
–
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Very large and only one
stores water
This is what makes lettuce crisp
» When there is no water, the plant wilts
Animal Cells
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Smaller and several in number
Stores/releases waste products
used in cellular digestion
– Located: Cytoplasm
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Plant Cell
Section 7-2
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Cell Membrane
Go to
Section:
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and
Function
8. Chloroplasts
– Function: traps energy from the sun to
produce food for the plant cell
– Located: Cytoplasm
– Green in color because of chlorophyll, which
is a green pigment
– Plant cells
Chloroplasts
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Plant Cell
Section 7-2
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Go to
Section:
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and
Function
9. Cell Wall
– Function: provides support and protection to
the cell membrane
– Located: Found outside the cell membrane
in plant cells
– What is Cell Wall made of: Strong material
called cellulos
Plant Cell
Cytoplasm
Vacuole
Smooth ER
Ribosomes
Chloroplasts
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Nucleolus
Golgi Bodies
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Rough ER
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and
Function
10. Cell Membrane
– Functions:
•
•
separates the inside of the cell from its
environment
Controls what substances enter and leave the
cell
–
Oxygen, carbon dioxide, wastes, food, etc…
– Located:
•
•
In plant cells, it is to the inside of the cell wall
In animal cells, it is the outermost part of the cell
• Centrioles
Function: Helps the cell divide (mitosis)
Located: Near the nucleus
Made of: Microtubules
Found in: Animal Cells only
• Cytoplasm
– Function: Gel like substance that fills the cell
and holds the organelles in place.
– Found In: Plant and animal cells
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zafJKbMPA8
Animal Cells vs. Plant Cells