Download cell membrane plasma membrane

MOVEMENT IN AND OUT
OF A CELL
CELL MEMBRANE
PLASMA MEMBRANE
Cell/Plasma Membrane
• Controls movement into/out of cell
• Maintains homeostasis
• Made of phospolipids
Cell Membrane
TYPES OF TRANSPORT
Active Transport
• “HIGH ENERGY”
Passive Transport
• Energy (ATP) Required
• “LAZY”
• Controlled by the cell
• No energy (ATP)
required
• Controlled by the
movement of molecules
What is DIFFUSION?
Concentration
gradient
No energy
High to low
http://www.biologycorner.com/bio1/diffusion.html
Until
Equilibrium
Is reached
http://www.indiana.edu/~phys215/lecture/lecnotes/lecgraphics/diffusion2.gif
OSMOSIS:
The diffusion of
water
What is the function of
membrane?
• Homeostasis
• Controls movement of materials
in and out of cell
Do you remember what
organic molecule the
membrane is made of?
Lipids: Phospholipids
Phosphate head
Lipid
• Phospholipid Bilayer
FLUIDMOSAIC
MODEL
Outside of Cell
Inside of Cell
PASSABLE
• Monomers: amino acids,
glucose, glycerol, F.A.
• H2O, CO2, O2,
NON-PASSABLE
• Polymers: starch, proteins,
triglycerides
• charged ions (Na+, Cl-)
What happens when a cell is placed in
a solution with the same
concentration as inside the cell?
Normal Red
Blood Cells
Water In =
Water Out
ISOTONIC SOLUTION
What happens when an animal cell
is placed in pure water?
Water In <
Water Out
Swollen Red
Blood Cells
Hypertonic
Solution
Water
rushes in
Cell bursts
What if you live in fresh water?
•
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iG
6Dd3COug4
Contractile Vacuoles
What happens to an animal cell
placed in salt water?
Water In >
Water Out
Shriveled Red
Blood Cells
HYPERTONIC
SOLULTION
Water
leaves the
cell
Cell shrivels
•
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O
YoaLzobQmk
Osmosis in an animal Cell
Osmosis in a Plant Cell
Water
Vacuole
•
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SooSsKkJo1o
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V56Zy7uLFEA
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V56Zy7uLFEA
Facilitated Diffusion
• Faster with help of a
protein
• No chemical reaction
• NO ENERGY needed!
• Examples: enzymes and
glucose
Facilitated diffusion is very specific
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
What if you need to get molecules
to go against diffusion?
Against the
concentration gradient
Uses energy to “pump”
molecules in (or out)
What if the
food is too big
to fit through
the cell
membrane?
2
TYPES
ENDOCYTOSIS
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pvOz4V699gk
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
Endocytosis
Using ENERGY to “eat” food that is too
large to pass through the membrane.
PHAGOCYTOSIS
• PSEUDOPODS: false-foot
• Creates a food vacuole
•
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W
6rnhiMxtKU&feature=related
What is needed to digest another
cell after it is eaten?
Stores strong digestive enzymes
Lysosomes are created from the Golgi
Apparatus.
Golgi also
removes toxins
and waste
product to
outside the cell.
Golgi Body
•
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K7yku3sa4Y8
http://www.sumanasinc.com/webco
ntent/animations/content/vesiclebu
dding.html
What must a cell do with undigested waste?
EXOCYTOSIS
• Cell egestion
• Removal of undigested food
• Vacuole moves to edge of cytoplasm and
opens up
• Opposite of endocytosis