Download Honors Biology Topic #3: Eukaryotic Kingdoms

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Honors Biology Topic #3: Eukaryotic Kingdoms
1) Which kingdoms contain organisms that are eukaryotic? Next to each kingdom you list, write an
example of an organism that belongs to that kingdom.
Protista (Euglena, Amoeba), Fungi (mushroom, yeast), Plantae (moss, tree, flower), Animalia
(human, insect, fish)
2) What does “eukaryotic” mean?
cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
3) Is it possible for any of these kingdoms to have BOTH prokaryotic AND eukaryotic organisms? If
so, which one(s)?
NO! They all belong to Domain Eukarya so they are all eukaryotic
4) Which of the eukaryotic kingdoms contain BOTH unicellular and multicellular organisms?
Protista and Fungi
5) Which of the eukaryotic kingdoms contain organisms that are autotrophs?
some protists and all plants (NO fungi or animals)
6) What does “autotroph” mean?
an organism that can make its own food
7) Which of the eukaryotic kingdoms contain organisms that are heterotrophs?
ALL fungi and animals are heterotrophs, and also SOME protists (no plants, not even a
Venus flytrap!)
8) What does “heterotroph” mean?
an organism that must consume other organisms for food (organic molecules)
9) Which of the eukaryotic kingdoms contain organisms that have a cell wall? Next to each
kingdom, write down what the cell wall is made out of.
some protists (silica = glass, calcium carbonate = chalk, various other materials)
fungi (chitin)
plants (cellulose
10) Which kingdom does this single-celled organism belong to? How do you know?
Protista: it is eukaryotic, autotrophic (it has
chloroplasts), single-celled, and lacks a cell wall
Since it is eukaryotic, it cannot be Archaea or
Bacteria
Since it is autotrophic, it cannot be a fungus or
an animal.
Since it lacks a cell wall and is unicellular, it
can’t be a plant.
11) Which kingdom does this multicellular organism belong to? How do you know?
Animalia: it is eukaryotic, heterotrophic (it lacks
chloroplasts), is multicellular, and lacks a cell wall
Since it is eukaryotic, it cannot be Archaea or
Bacteria.
Since it is heterotrophic, it cannot be a plant.
Since it lacks a cell wall, it can’t be a fungus.
12) Which kingdom does this multicellular organism belong to? How do you know?
Plantae: it is eukaryotic, autotrophic (it has
chloroplasts), multicellular, and has a cell wall
13) You are looking at the cells of a multicellular heterotroph under a microscope. You see many
organelles, like mitochondria, ribosomes, ER, Golgi, and lysosomes. Does it belong to a
prokaryotic or eukaryotic kingdom? Which one(s) might it possible belong to?
Eukaryotic (it has membrane-bound organelles). It could belong to protista, fungi, or
animalia. It cannot be a plant because it is heterotrophic.
14) You discover a new species living in the rainforest. It is multicellular and heterotrophic, and when
viewed under a microscope, its cells have cell walls. What kingdom does it belong to? How do
you know?
It is a fungus because it is heterotrophic and multicellular, but has cell walls and is
therefore not an animal.
15) The organism Cercis canadensis is a multicellular, photosynthetic eukaryote that has cell walls
made of cellulose. What kingdom does it belong to? How do you know?
It is a plant; the distinguishing feature here is the cell wall made of cellulose.
16) Alterna alternaria is a multicellular, heterotrophic eukaryote that has cell walls and produces
spores to reproduce. It has a fuzzy appearance when it grows over the surface of its food source.
What kingdom does it belong to? How do you know?
This is a mold and belongs to kingdom Fungi. While it is multicellular and heterotrophic, the
presence of cell walls means it cannot be an animal.
17) Why is it often difficult to classify organisms in kingdom Protista?
Protists can be difficult to classify because they do not have a unifying set of
characteristics. Basically, if an organism is eukaryotic and doesn’t really fit into any of the
other kingdoms, it is called a protist.