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Transcript
Activity 4: A closer Look at Animal and Plant Cells Pre-Lab: Complete the diagram below: 1. This diagram shows the outline of a typical cell. 2. Draw inside the cell the structures that make up the cell. Label each structure. 3. Next to each label write the function of the cell structure. 1 Activity 4: A closer Look at Animal and Plant Cells Activity Directions: Read pages 19-24 and STOP to answer questions when prompted. STOPPING TO THINK 1 a. How did scientists discover the common structure of cells? They used microscopes to observe many kinds of cells. b. What are some of the common structures of a cell? Common cell structures include the cell membrane and cytoplasm. STOPPING TO THINK 2 a. Why is the nucleus an important part of most cells? The nucleus is important because it contains the cell’s genes. b. What type of organism does not contain a nucleus? Bacteria (or prokaryotes) do not contain a nucleus. 2 Activity 4: A closer Look at Animal and Plant Cells STOPPING TO THINK 3 a. What are some of the functions of organelles? Organelles help cells obtain and store energy, move and divide, and make and transport substances. b. What do mitochondria use to produce energy for a cell? They use oxygen and nutrients to perform “cellular respiration.” STOPPING TO THINK 4 a. Why do plant cells have a cell wall in addition to a cell membrane? The cell wall provides support to the cell. b. What do chloroplasts use to produce nutrients for plant cells and some protist cells? They use light along with carbon dioxide and water. 3 Activity 4: A closer Look at Animal and Plant Cells Part B Complete the simulation activity found here; http://www.sepuplhs.org/middle/cellstructureandfunction/simulations/cell.html HINT: TO BEGIN EACH CELL, YOU MUST START WITH THE CELLULAR STRUCTURE THAT SEPERATES THE INSIDE OF EVERY CELL FROM THE OUTSIDE. Update your diagram below; 1. This diagram shows the outline of a typical cell. 2. Draw inside the cell the structures that make up the cell. Label each structure. 3. Next to each label write the function of the cell structure. 4 Activity 4: A closer Look at Animal and Plant Cells Analysis 1. For each organ or structure listed in column 1, record the name of the cell organelle, (or organelles) that performs similar functions for the cell in column 2. In column 3, record the function shared by the organ and organelle. Organ or Structure Cell organelle or Common function structure Blood vessels Endoplasmic Carry materials from (arteries, veins, and reticulum, vesicles one place to another capillaries) Bones Cytoskeleton, cell wall Provide support Brain Nucleus Kidneys Vesicles Directs the activities of the organism or the cell Excrete wastes Liver Lysosomes Destroys wastes Muscles Cytoskeleton Movement Skin Cell membrane Digestive system Cytoplasm, mitochondria Controls what enters the cell Breaks down food for energy 2. The diagram below shows the energy transformations that occur when a solar panel is used to light a bulb. Make a similar diagram that shows the energy transformations that occur when someone eats a meal. Solar energyElectrical energyThermal and Light energy Food (chemical energy) muscle movement heat (thermal energy) - OR Food (sugar) + oxygen mitochondria chemical energy in the cell 5 Activity 4: A closer Look at Animal and Plant Cells 3. Explain the strengths and weaknesses of the model cell you created for Part C in illustrating the structure and function of the cell. (answers will vary) Answers will vary, but a complete answer will have at least two strengths and two weaknesses. Strengths may include: A Venn diagram makes it easy to compare and contrast animal and plant cells, and shows how they are both more ALIKE than DIFFERENT. Weaknesses may include: Structures aren’t exact or on the same scale, and the functions of the cell are not modeled. 4. Which of the questions studied by cell biologists (pg. 23) is most interesting to you? Why? Answers will vary, but must be a complete sentence, be specific AND explain WHY it is interesting. 6