Download Activity 4 Answer Key

Activity 4: A closer Look at Animal and Plant Cells
Pre-Lab: Complete the diagram below:
1. This diagram shows the outline of a typical cell.
2. Draw inside the cell the structures that make up the cell. Label each structure.
3. Next to each label write the function of the cell structure.
1
Activity 4: A closer Look at Animal and Plant Cells
Activity
Directions: Read pages 19-24 and STOP to answer questions
when prompted.
STOPPING TO THINK 1
a. How did scientists discover the common structure of cells?
They used microscopes to observe many kinds of cells.
b. What are some of the common structures of a cell?
Common cell structures include the cell membrane and
cytoplasm.
STOPPING TO THINK 2
a. Why is the nucleus an important part of most cells? The
nucleus is important because it contains the cell’s genes.
b. What type of organism does not contain a nucleus?
Bacteria (or prokaryotes) do not contain a nucleus.
2
Activity 4: A closer Look at Animal and Plant Cells
STOPPING TO THINK 3
a. What are some of the functions of organelles? Organelles
help cells obtain and store energy, move and divide, and
make and transport substances.
b. What do mitochondria use to produce energy for a cell?
They use oxygen and nutrients to perform “cellular
respiration.”
STOPPING TO THINK 4
a. Why do plant cells have a cell wall in addition to a cell
membrane? The cell wall provides support to the cell.
b. What do chloroplasts use to produce nutrients for plant
cells and some protist cells? They use light along with
carbon dioxide and water.
3
Activity 4: A closer Look at Animal and Plant Cells
Part B
Complete the simulation activity found here;
http://www.sepuplhs.org/middle/cellstructureandfunction/simulations/cell.html
HINT: TO BEGIN EACH CELL, YOU MUST START WITH THE CELLULAR STRUCTURE THAT SEPERATES THE
INSIDE OF EVERY CELL FROM THE OUTSIDE.
Update your diagram below;
1. This diagram shows the outline of a typical cell.
2. Draw inside the cell the structures that make up the cell. Label each structure.
3. Next to each label write the function of the cell structure.
4
Activity 4: A closer Look at Animal and Plant Cells
Analysis
1. For each organ or structure listed in column 1, record the name of the cell
organelle, (or organelles) that performs similar functions for the cell in
column 2. In column 3, record the function shared by the organ and
organelle.
Organ or Structure
Cell organelle or
Common function
structure
Blood vessels
Endoplasmic
Carry materials from
(arteries, veins, and
reticulum, vesicles
one place to another
capillaries)
Bones
Cytoskeleton, cell wall Provide support
Brain
Nucleus
Kidneys
Vesicles
Directs the activities
of the organism or the
cell
Excrete wastes
Liver
Lysosomes
Destroys wastes
Muscles
Cytoskeleton
Movement
Skin
Cell membrane
Digestive system
Cytoplasm,
mitochondria
Controls what enters
the cell
Breaks down food for
energy
2. The diagram below shows the energy transformations that occur when a
solar panel is used to light a bulb. Make a similar diagram that shows the
energy transformations that occur when someone eats a meal.
Solar energyElectrical energyThermal and Light energy
Food (chemical energy)  muscle movement  heat (thermal energy)
- OR Food (sugar) + oxygen  mitochondria  chemical energy in the cell
5
Activity 4: A closer Look at Animal and Plant Cells
3. Explain the strengths and weaknesses of the model cell you created for Part
C in illustrating the structure and function of the cell. (answers will vary)
Answers will vary, but a complete answer will have at least two strengths
and two weaknesses. Strengths may include: A Venn diagram makes it
easy to compare and contrast animal and plant cells, and shows how they
are both more ALIKE than DIFFERENT. Weaknesses may include:
Structures aren’t exact or on the same scale, and the functions of the cell
are not modeled.
4. Which of the questions studied by cell biologists (pg. 23) is most interesting
to you? Why? Answers will vary, but must be a complete sentence, be
specific AND explain WHY it is interesting.
6