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Transcript
The Cell Membrane Animal Cell Plant Cell Prokaryotic Cell: Bacteria Important Facts Lipid bi-layer Embedded proteins Encloses the cytoplasm Organelles and Cytosol (liquid) Separates inside of cell from outside environment Semi-Permeable Controls what enters and leaves the cell Allows some things in and keeps others out Also known as “plasma membrane” Cell Membrane Structure Fluid-like structure Not stiff or rigid Phospholipids and proteins can drift/move around Proteins form patterns that look like a mosaic Fluid Mosaic Model Current description for the membrane Cell Membrane Structure Cell Membrane Structure Bi-layer made up of lipids and proteins Phospholipids Special lipids made of one glycerol, two fatty-acids and a phosphate Phospholipid Structure Phospholipid Structure Properties of Water Review + + - Water is a polar molecule Partially positively charged (hydrogen) Partially negatively charged (oxygen) Water molecules are attracted to other molecules So polar molecules stick together and repel away non-polar molecules Properties of Water Review Since water is a polar molecule the opposite charges on other molecules help them stick together!! Phospholipid Structure “Polar Heads” Hydrophilic “water loving” Phosphate part is attracted to water Polar heads point to watery parts of the cell Cytoplasm Outside Environment Phospholipid Structure “Non-Polar Tails” Hydrophobic Doesn’t like water Fatty-acids (lipid) repels water Non-Polar tails point towards each other in the center of the membrane Between the two layers Bi-Layer Arrangement The cytoplasm of the cell is an “aqueous” or “watery” environment. How do the phospholipids arrange themselves? Remember….hydrophilic and hydrophobic areas. Bi-Layer Arrangement Hydrophilic Hydrophobic Bi-Layer Arrangement Hydrophilic Hydrophobic Membrane Proteins Transmembrane Proteins Embedded in the cell membrane Exposed to both the inside and outside of the cell Peripheral Proteins Attached to the external or internal surface of the membrane Channel Proteins Help move materials into and out of the cell Cell Markers Carbohydrate chains that identify cell types Enzymes Assist in chemical reactions Speed up and lower activation energy Membrane Proteins Cell Marker Protein Channel Protein Peripheral Protein Transmembrane Protein Figure 7-12 The Structure of the Cell Membrane The Cell Membrane Section 7-3 Outside of cell Proteins Carbohydrate chains Cell membrane Inside of cell (cytoplasm) Protein channel Lipid bilayer