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Transcript
The Cell: History and Theory Biology Ms. Lew Vocabulary 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) Bacteria Cell Cell Theory Eukaryote Prokaryote Protist Cell Theory and the Scientists Who Helped Shape It http://ed.ted.com/lessons/the-wackyhistory-of-cell-theory#review Anton van Leeuwenhoek • Born: October 24, 1632 • Died: August 30, 1723 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton_van_Leeuwenhoek • He is known as the “Father of Microscopy.” Anton van Leeuwenhoek • Discoveries: - 1673: He looked at pond scum under the microscope and discovered small organisms he called animalcules or little animals (Protists) - 1676: discovered bacteria http://www.kent.k12.wa.us/staff/TimLynch/sci_class/c hap09/lesson_protista/Protista_Lesson.html#Algae Robert Hooke • Born: July 18, 1635 • Died: March 3, 1703 • Wrote and published “Micrographia” http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/PictDisplay/Hooke.html • Known as the “English Father of Microscopy” Robert Hooke Contributions: - He observed pieces of cork from the bark of a cork tree under the microscope. - His observations led him to coin the word “cell.” - “Cell”- means little rooms in Latin - He compared the small boxes to the small rooms that monks lived in. http://www.learner.org/channel/courses/essential/life/s ession1/closer1.html Matthias Schleiden • Born: April 5, 1804 • Died: June 23, 1881 • German botanist • Discovered that all plants were made of cells http://www.britannica.com/eb/article9066147/Mathias-Jacob-Schleiden • Contributed to the creation of the cell theory Theodor Schwann • Born: December 7, 1810 • Died: January 11, 1882 • German zoologist • Concluded that all animals are made of cells. http://www.nndb.com/people/357/000096069/ • Contributed to the creation of the cell theory Rudolph Virchow • Born: October 13, 1821 • Died: September 5, 1902 • German pathologist • He is known as the “Father of Pathology.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Rudolf_Virchow.jpg • Discovered that all living cells come only from other living cells. The Cell Theory 1. All living things are made of cells. 2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. 3. Living cells come only from other living cells. Two Main Types of Cells Prokaryote • generally smaller and simpler • DO NOT have a nucleus – DNA is not contained • All prokaryotic organisms are unicellular – example: all bacteria Two Main Types of Cells Eukaryote = “true nucleus” • Contains a nucleus • Contains dozens of specialized cell parts (organelles) • Some unicellular organisms, many multicellular – example: all plants, animals, and fungi Cell Types (Review) Prokaryotic 1. Does not contain a nucleus or membrane bound organelles. Eukaryotic 1. Contains a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles. 2. Circular chromosome 2. Rod shaped chromosomes Both: Have a cell membrane Contain DNA Have cytoplasm with ribosomes Prokaryotes Simple Circular Chromoso mes Eukaryotes Nucleus Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Cell membrane Lysosomes Contain DNA Vacuoles Ribosomes Mitochondria Cytoplasm Cytoskeleton More complex Rod-shaped chromosomes Ricochet Science: P vs. E • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v =RQ-SMCmWB1s&app=desktop