Download Cell Test Study Guide Answers

Cell Test Study Guide
1) How are cells organized? Organelles
organisms
cells
tissues
organs
organ systems
2) What are the three parts to the cell theory? 1) all living things have cells 2) cells are the
basic unit of structure and function of all living things 3) all cells come from preexisting cells
3) What do chloroplasts and mitochondria have in common? They both make energy for the
cells (mitochondria in animal cells chloroplasts in plant cells)
4) What limits how large a cell can grow? Surface area
5) What is the difference between a eukaryote and a prokaryote? Eukaryotes have a nucleus
and membrane bound organelles and prokaryotes do not have a nucleus or membrane bound
organelles
6) What does it mean when I say that the cell membrane is semipermeable/selectively
permeable? Allows some things through the cell membrane but not others
7) What two things is the cell membrane made out of? Proteins and phospholipids
8) The heart would be considered a what? Organ? Tissue? Cell? AN organ
9) How big are most cells? microscopic
10) What does the human excretory system? Nervous system? Excretory system gets rid of
wase, nervous system controls the body and sends signals
11) What do these organelles/structures do? Nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic
reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, centrioles, cell wall, vacuole, chloroplasts, cell
membrane, nuclear membrane
Nucleus-stores the dna, boss of the cell
Mitochondria-makes energy (ATP)
Ribosomes-make proteins
ER- smooth and rough- transport lipids (smooth) and transport proteins (rough) to the golgi
apparatus
Golgi apparatus – packages and modifies proteins
Lysosomes- break down stuff inside the cell (have digestive enzymes)
Centrioles-move the chromosome during cell division
Cell wall- usually only in plant cells (some prokaryotic cells have them too), surrounds the cell
membrane and provides support
Vacuole-stores water, salts, and nutrients (sometimes toxins) in plant cells
Chloroplasts-make energy in the plant cells
Cell membrane-surrounds and protects the cell
Nuclear membrane-surrounds and protects the nucleus
12) Be able to describe and understand how a microscope works and magnifies organisms.
13) Do both eukaryotes and prokaryotes have ribosomes? Yes-they are not membrane bound
organelles
14) When viewing an organisms under a microscope what happens as you go to a higher
magnification? You see more detail but you see less of the specimen
15) Prokaryotes tend to be simpler than eukaryotes. Why? Can they function as individual
organisms? They do not have membrane bound organelles or a nucleus. And yes…they can
function individually (ex: bacteria do)
16) Where are the traits of organisms stored? In the DNA
17) How do the ER and Golgi apparatus work together? The ER sends stuff/proteins to the golgi
apparatus and the golgi packages it up and sends it out of the cell membrane
18) What structures do both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have? Which ones do only eukaryotes
have?
Both-cytoplasm, DNA, cell membrane, and ribosomes
Eukaryotes-nucleus, ER, golgi apparatus, vacuole, mitochondria, lysosomes
Be able to label a cell.
Cell Membrane
Answer:
Rough ER
Mitochondria
Smooth ER
Lysosomes
Golgi apparatus
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Nuclear
Membrane