Download A: Objective type questions: Choose the correct answers Most

A: Objective type questions: Choose the correct answers
1.
Most organisms show ____________ in their major pathways of metabolism.
a.
marked similarity
b.
some similarity
c.
minimal similarity
d.
considerable diversity
e.
major diversity
Ans. A
2.
All of the following are chemoheterotrophs EXCEPT:
a.
Staphylococci aureus.
b.
fungi.
c.
algae.
d.
animals.
e.
non-photosynthetic roots.
Ans. C
3.
Solar energy is converted to the chemical energy of organic molecules by
_____________, and __________ recover this energy by metabolizing the organic
substrates.
a.
photoautotrophs; heterotrophs
b.
heterotrophs; chemoautotrophs
c.
chemoautotrophs; heterotrophs
d.
photoautotrophs; chemoautotrophs
e.
none are true.
Ans. A
4.
All are characteristics of anabolism EXCEPT:
a.
assembly of complex molecules.
b.
formation of new covalent bonds.
c.
ATP provides energy.
d.
NADPH is an electron donor.
e.
all are true.
Ans. E
5.
What are the final products of aerobic catabolism?
a.
pyruvate and H2O.
b.
acetyl-CoA and CO2.
c.
CO2 and H2O.
d.
pyruvate and acetyl-CoA.
e.
ammonia and O2.
Ans. C
6.
The enzymes of glycolysis and those of the citric acid cycle are found in which cellular
compartments in muscle cells?
a.
both in the cytoplasm
b.
glycolysis in cytoplasm and citric acid cycle in mitochondria
c.
both in mitochondria
d.
glycolysis in cytoplasm and citric acid cycle in lumen of the endoplasmic
reticulum
e.
both in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum
Ans. B
7. For the first five steps of glycolysis, the appropriate sequence of enzymes is:
a.
phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1).
b.
hexokinase / glucokinase.
c.
fructose bisphosphate aldolase.
d.
Phosphoglucoisomerase.
e.
triose phosphate isomerase (TPI).
a.
A, C, B, E, D
b.
B, C, D, E, A
c.
B, D, C, A, E
d.
D, B, A, C, E
e.
B, D, E, C, A
Ans. D
8. For phosphofructokinase-1:
a.
Low ATP stimulates the enzyme, but fructose-2,6-bisphosphate inhibits
b.
High ATP stimulates the enzyme, and fructose-2,6-bisphosphate activates
c.
High ATP stimulates the enzyme, but fructose-2,6-bisphosphate inhibits
d.
Low ATP stimulates the enzyme, and fructose-2,6-bisphosphate activates
e.
ATP and fructose-2,6-bisphosphate both inhibit the enzyme
Ans. D
9. In the second half of the glycolytic pathway, _______ ATP molecules are produced and
with the compensate of ____ ATPs consumed in the first half, the net yield is _______
ATPs per glucose.
a.
four; four; zero
b.
four; two; two
c.
two; two; four
d.
two; one; one
e.
four; one; three
Ans. B
10.
All of the following enzymes of glycolysis are allosterically regulated EXCEPT:
a.
phosphofructokinase-1.
b.
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
c.
hexokinase.
d.
pyruvate kinase.
e.
none of the above.
Ans. B
11. The oxidation of one mole of glucose by anaerobic glycolysis yields a net of:
a.
two moles of lactate and two moles of ATP.
b.
two moles of lactate, two moles of NADH, and two moles of ATP.
c.
two moles of lactate and six moles of ATP.
d.
two moles of pyruvate and two moles of ATP.
e.
two moles of pyruvate, two moles of NADH, and four moles of ATP.
Ans. A
12. How many NADH molecules are produced in the TCA cycle per molecule of acetyl-CoA
oxidized?
a.
1
b.
2
c.
3
d.
4
e.
5
Ans. C
13. Glycerol from hydrolysis of triacylglycerols enters glycolysis at:
a.
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.
b.
3-phosphoglycerate.
c.
2-phosphoglycerate.
d.
dihydroxyacetone phosphate.
e.
1,3-bisphosphoglycerate.
Ans. D
14. In the TCA cycle, carbon enters the cycle as ____________ and exits as ____________
with metabolic energy captured as _______, _______ and ______.
a.
malonate; water; NADH; ATP; NADPH
b.
acetyl-CoA; CO2; NADH; ATP; NADPH
c.
succinyl-CoA; CO2; ATP; NADH; NADPH
d.
acetyl-CoA; CO2; ATP; NADH; [FADH2]
e.
malonyl-CoA; water; NADH; [FADH2]; ATP
Ans: D
15.
The _______________ of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA is catalyzed by ____________.
a.
dehydration; pyruvate dehydration complex
b.
decarboxylation; pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
c.
decarboxylation; pyruvate decarboxylase
d.
transacylation; pyruvate transacylase
e.
none of the above.
Ans. B
16.
Citrate must be isomerized to isocitrate because the ______ group of citrate is not
oxidizable, but the ____ group of isocitrate can be oxidized.
a.
ketone; primary alcohol
b.
tertiary alcohol; secondary alcohol
c.
ketone; secondary alcohol
d.
aldehyde; primary alcohol
e.
secondary alcohol; ketone
Ans. B
17.
-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase is a multi-enzyme complex analogous to:
a.
pyruvate kinase.
b.
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
c.
isocitrate dehydrogenase.
d.
pyruvate dehydrogenase.
e.
lactate dehydrogenase.
Ans. D
18.
The coenzymes listed below are associated with -ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex
EXCEPT:
a.
[FAD].
b.
TPP.
c.
lipoamide.
d.
NAD+.
e.
biotin.
Ans. E
19.
All are principal allosteric regulatory “signals” controlling the TCA cycle activity
EXCEPT:
a.
acetyl-CoA.
b.
NADH.
c.
NAD+.
d.
ATP.
e.
all are true.
Ans. E
20.
All of the following are inhibitors of citrate synthase EXCEPT:
a.
acetyl-CoA
b.
NADH
c.
succinyl-CoA
d.
ATP
e.
all are inhibitors
Ans. A
B: Short answer type questions: Write the answers in maximum 10 lines
1. Define the metabolism with example.
2. Write the full reaction of Glycolysis.
3. What is the overall energy yield in ATP production when one molecule of glucose is
converted to pyruvate.
4. What is the maximum yield of high energy ATP in the aerobic catabolism of glucose?
Also write the names of steps where ATP produces in aerobic catabolism..
C: Long Answer Type questions:
1. Write each steps of the TCA cycle showing the steps of CO2 formation and energy
produced.
2. What is Glycolysis cycle? Write each steps showing the energy utilized and energy
produced. Also write the steps that can regulate the Glycolysis.