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Handout 1: Pharmacology P020D
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Course objective #2: Describe the dynamic process between the giver and the receiver of
medications, which promotes positive medication compliance.
A. Dynamic: _________________________________________________
B. Key Characteristics
1. ________________________
2. ________________________
3. ________________________
4. ________________________ skills
5. ________________________ skills
Course objective #1: Identify limitations/deficits commonly seen in D.D. clients that prevent
them from asking questions or reporting adverse effects regarding medications they receive.
A. Limitations:
1. _______________________
2. _______________________
3. _______________________
B. The ___________________ must_____________________ & _____________________ for
these limitations.
C. Medication administrations is _______________________________
1. _________________ to ______________________
Course Objective #3: Describe the importance of patient teaching with regard to prescribed
medication regimen.
A. Teaching/learning process
1. Teaching: ________________________ process
2. Learning: Acquiring new ____________________________
3. Motivation: ___________________
B. 3 domains of learning
1. _____________________________: Intellectual activities
2. _____________________________: Attitudes & _____________________
3. _____________________________: Physical skills
Course objective #4: Describe the electrochemical processes of the central nervous system,
which allow CNS drugs to cause their desired effects.
Course Objective #12: Explain how chemicals and electrical impulses interact to make up the
electrochemical properties of the nervous system.
A. Nervous system consists of
1. ______________________ nervous system
a. _________________ & _________________________
2. ______________________ nervous system
a. _________________
VI.
VII.
VIII.
B. Function of the Nervous System
1. _____________________ & ___________________ the body
2. Method: by transmission of _________________________________
(_________________ - __________________ system)
a. ______________
b. ______________
c. ______________
d. ______________
Small Group Questions
A. What is the function of the nervous system and what type of energy drives it?
B. What are key characteristics between the giver and receiver during effective medication
administration?
C. What type of procedure is medication administration?
D. What are the 3 domains of learning and how can they be utilized in medication
administration?
Course Objective #9: Differentiate between afferent and efferent neuron.
A. Basic Functional Unit: _____________________
1. ___________________ neuron
a. ____________________
b. Carries info from _____________  _______________
2. ___________________ neuron
a. ____________________
b. Carries info from _____________  _______________
B. Structure
1. ___________________ / Soma
a. ______________________
b. Neurotransmitters ________________________
2. __________________________
a. Carry impulses ________________ _____ the cell body
3. __________________________
a. Carry impulses _____________________ the cell body
Course Objective #10: Describe the role played by neurotransmitters in nerve impulse
transmission within the synapse.
A. Neurons _______________________ to each other ____________________________
B. Synapse: ____________________________________________________________
1. AKA: Synaptic junction; inter-neuron space
C. Terminal end of an _________________ = ________________________ vesicle
D. Nerve ___________________ reaches the vesicle  release ______________________
(into ______________ junction) 
E. Nerve impulses must have a ________________________________
F. Synaptic event
1. ___________________________ message received
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X.
XI.
2. Vesicle ______________________
3. ________________________ released into synapse
4. Neurotransmitter finds its _____________________ site on next neuron
5. Activation of receptor  __________________________ in post-synaptic vessel
6. ______________________ of neurotransmitter(s): ________________ action!
G. Synthesized in the ___________________________
H. Special Properties: ________________________ & ____________________________
Small group questions
A. Describe the different “parts” of a neuron and what each of their functions are.
B. What is a synapse?
C. Describe the process of a nerve impulse as it passes through a synapse
Course Objective #11: Describe the role played by monoamine oxidase in nerve impulse
transmission within the synapse.
A. MOA: _____________________________________________________
1. _______________________
2. Released into __________________________________
3. Action: _______________________________________________________
4. Result: ________________________________________
Course Objective #5: Differentiate between the following neurotransmitters: Acetylcholine;
Norepinephrine; Dopamine; Serotonin; Gamma-aminobutyric acid; Glycine
A. Serotonin:___________________
1. _______________
2. _______________ perception
3. _______________
4. _______________
5. Inhibits _________________
B. Dopamine: ___________________
1. Subconscious ___________________________
2. _________________ motor skills
3. _________________ responses
C. Norepinepherine: _______________________
1. Maintains ____________________________
2. Overall ______________________________
3. ______________________
D. Acetylcholine: _________________________
1. Vital for ______________________________
E. Cholinergic: _____________________________
1. __________________________
F. Gammaaminobutyric Acid (AKA _____________): _____________________
1. Location: _____________________________
G. Glycine: _____________________________________
1. Location: _____________________________
XII.
XIII.
H. Dopamine: _________________________________
1. Location: ____________________________________
2. *Dopamine & __________________________ are opposites and work together
Course Objective #6: Identify psychiatric disorders that appear to be related to the body’s
inability to regulate the availability of neurotransmitters.
A. Imbalance  ______________________________________
B. ___________ dopamine  __________________________
C. ___________ serotonin  __________________________
D. ___________ acetylcholine  ________________________
E. ___________ Norepinephrine & Serotonin  __________________________
F. ___________ norepinephrine & Dopamine  __________________________
G. Drug addictions  ____________________
H. Alcohol interacts with __________________ receptors
Small group questions:
A. Describe the role played by neurotransmitters in nerve impulse transmission within the
synapse
B. What is the function of Acetylcholine?
C. What is the function of Norepinephrine?
D. What is the function of Dopamine?
E. What is the function of Serotonin?
F. What is the function of Gamma-aminobutyric acid
G. What is the function of Glycine?
H. Alzheimer’s is associated with what neurotransmitter imbalance?
I. Schizophrenia is associated with what neurotransmitter imbalance?
J. Depression is associated with what neurotransmitter imbalance?
K. General Anxiety disorder is associated with what neurotransmitter imbalance?
L. ADHD is associated with what neurotransmitter imbalance?
XIV.
Course objective #7: Describe the ‘principle of opposition’ between the operation of the
sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system.
Nervous System
Nervous System
Nervous System
Nervous System
Process:
Nervous system
Process:
Function: Respond
to changes is the
_______________
Environment
Effector site:
Function: Respond
to changes is the
_______________
Environment
Effector site:
Sympathetic Nervous System
Parasympathetic Nervous
System
Chemical Process:
Function:
Neurotransmitter:
Chemical Process:
Function:
Neurotransmitter:
AKA:
AKA:
Heart rate
Vessels of the
skeletal muscles
Bronchi
Lung secretions
Salivary secretions
Anal sphincter
Bladder
Urinary sphincter
Pupil
Eye
accommodation
Pancreas
Liver
Adrenal medulla
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XVI.
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A. Adrenergic agent: _____________ that mimics _________________________________
B. Cholinergic agent: _____________ that mimics _________________________________
Course objective #8: Differentiate between an agonistic drug and an antagonistic drug.
A. Agonist: bind with receptor  _________________________ response
B. Antagonist: bind with receptor  _________________________ response
Course objective #13: Describe the variable responses seen depending on the fit of drugs to
receptor sites.
A. Drug action: “_____________” cells
B. Rx ______________________ receptor site  Influences __________________
C. ________________________ natural body chemicals
D. “Bind”: similar _____________________
E. The __________________ the fit  __________________ the effect
F. Types of antagonists
1. Competitive: _______________________ agonist (___ dose  _____________)
2. Non-competitive: _______________________________ agonist: (___ dose 
_____________________________________)
Small group questions
A. Describe the divisions of the nervous system
B. What are the sub-systems of the peripheral nervous system?
C. Define agonist and antagonist.
D. What is the function of MAO?
E. What is the chemical process for the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system?
F. What neurotransmitters are associated with the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous
systems?