pdf - MUK Publications
... should be warned about this risk. We do not have clear evidence that one sleeping pill has more cancer risk than another. In our epidemiologic study, we only demonstrated statistically significant cancer risks for zolpidem and temazepam, the most popular drugs in that study, but none of the drugs fo ...
... should be warned about this risk. We do not have clear evidence that one sleeping pill has more cancer risk than another. In our epidemiologic study, we only demonstrated statistically significant cancer risks for zolpidem and temazepam, the most popular drugs in that study, but none of the drugs fo ...
Neuro-Bio-Behavioral Mechanisms of Placebo and Nocebo
... knowledge at that time that the pharmacological action of drugs as well as “other forces at play and the circumstances surrounding their administration” contribute to the overall treatment effect (Wolf, 1950). Empirical data revealed that placebo effects that endow inert agents with potency or modif ...
... knowledge at that time that the pharmacological action of drugs as well as “other forces at play and the circumstances surrounding their administration” contribute to the overall treatment effect (Wolf, 1950). Empirical data revealed that placebo effects that endow inert agents with potency or modif ...
neuronal reward and decision signals: from theories to data
... mediated by neuronal reward prediction error signals which implement basic constructs of reinforcement learning theory. These signals are found in dopamine neurons, which emit a global reward signal to striatum and frontal cortex, and in specific neurons in striatum, amygdala, and frontal cortex pro ...
... mediated by neuronal reward prediction error signals which implement basic constructs of reinforcement learning theory. These signals are found in dopamine neurons, which emit a global reward signal to striatum and frontal cortex, and in specific neurons in striatum, amygdala, and frontal cortex pro ...
NEURAL MECHANISMS SUPPORTING THE LEARNING
... Few brain imaging studies have used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural substrates that support conditioned UCR diminution. In this previous research, UCR diminution has been observed within the fMRI signal response of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), an ...
... Few brain imaging studies have used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural substrates that support conditioned UCR diminution. In this previous research, UCR diminution has been observed within the fMRI signal response of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), an ...
Psilocybin – Summary of knowledge and new perspectives
... Fantegrossi et al., 2008; Winter et al., 2007) and in studies on head twitch behavior and wet dog shakes (typical signs of the stimulation of the 5-HT2A receptor) (Fantegrossi et al., 2008; Halberstadt et al., 2011). On the other hand, psilocybin/psilocin-induced locomotor inhibition was restored by ...
... Fantegrossi et al., 2008; Winter et al., 2007) and in studies on head twitch behavior and wet dog shakes (typical signs of the stimulation of the 5-HT2A receptor) (Fantegrossi et al., 2008; Halberstadt et al., 2011). On the other hand, psilocybin/psilocin-induced locomotor inhibition was restored by ...
The Olfactory System - Tim J. van Hartevelt
... environment to procure suitable food sources with a special focus on olfaction. Potential food sources are identified on the basis of the sensory input, which through the appropriate receptors are relayed to the orbitofrontal cortex (only one hemisphere shown), where processing is taking place of ev ...
... environment to procure suitable food sources with a special focus on olfaction. Potential food sources are identified on the basis of the sensory input, which through the appropriate receptors are relayed to the orbitofrontal cortex (only one hemisphere shown), where processing is taking place of ev ...
Role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in Huntington`s disease
... 2.2. The different BDNF mRNA isoforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3. Corticostriatal neurons are the main source of striatal BDNF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4. Cortical ...
... 2.2. The different BDNF mRNA isoforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3. Corticostriatal neurons are the main source of striatal BDNF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4. Cortical ...
Rate of body dysmorphic disorder among patients seeking facial
... While some body dissatisfaction can be considered “normative”, for a minority of individuals, preoccupation with bodily flaws (though slight or even non-existent) can result in excessive psychological distress and significant functional impairment in daily activities. These individuals are thought t ...
... While some body dissatisfaction can be considered “normative”, for a minority of individuals, preoccupation with bodily flaws (though slight or even non-existent) can result in excessive psychological distress and significant functional impairment in daily activities. These individuals are thought t ...
5-HT Receptor Regulation of Neurotransmitter Release
... Abbreviations: 5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine (unselective 5-HT receptor agonist); CNS, central nervous system; ACh, acetylcholine; NA, noradrenaline; DA, dopamine; WAY 100635, N-[2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-N-2-pyridinylcyclohexane-carboxamide maleate (5-HT1A antagonist); SB 224289, 2,3, ...
... Abbreviations: 5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine (unselective 5-HT receptor agonist); CNS, central nervous system; ACh, acetylcholine; NA, noradrenaline; DA, dopamine; WAY 100635, N-[2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-N-2-pyridinylcyclohexane-carboxamide maleate (5-HT1A antagonist); SB 224289, 2,3, ...
Neurotoxicity and Mechanism of Toluene Abuse
... appears to be more complicated than the animal models suggest. Perhaps, as Benignus et al. (1998) suggests, it may be that the concentration of toluene in the tissue (in lieu of current measures of exposure concentration and duration) would yield a more straightforward relationship between toluene " ...
... appears to be more complicated than the animal models suggest. Perhaps, as Benignus et al. (1998) suggests, it may be that the concentration of toluene in the tissue (in lieu of current measures of exposure concentration and duration) would yield a more straightforward relationship between toluene " ...
Zebrafish Get Connected: Investigating Neurotransmission Targets
... Glutamate is also taken up into glia and neurons via the SLC1A family of genes, also known as the high affinity excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs). This gene family regulates the levels of extracellular glutamate to prevent excitotoxicity. In astrocytes and oligodendroglia, glutamate can be ...
... Glutamate is also taken up into glia and neurons via the SLC1A family of genes, also known as the high affinity excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs). This gene family regulates the levels of extracellular glutamate to prevent excitotoxicity. In astrocytes and oligodendroglia, glutamate can be ...
Dopaminergic control of the globus pallidus and its impact
... The work of my thesis is a part of integrative neurobiology and focuses on studying the control exerted by dopamine on basal ganglia (BG), especially the "external part of globus pallidus or GPe". GPe being a nucleus, which plays a key role in the control of movement by exerting an inhibitory influe ...
... The work of my thesis is a part of integrative neurobiology and focuses on studying the control exerted by dopamine on basal ganglia (BG), especially the "external part of globus pallidus or GPe". GPe being a nucleus, which plays a key role in the control of movement by exerting an inhibitory influe ...
GASTRO-ESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GERD):
... The most common mental health condition linked to domestic violence is depression.(9) When women experience domestic violence, the humiliation, degradation, and lack of love and support can trigger depression. In addition to triggering depression, these factors can also enhance the symptoms associa ...
... The most common mental health condition linked to domestic violence is depression.(9) When women experience domestic violence, the humiliation, degradation, and lack of love and support can trigger depression. In addition to triggering depression, these factors can also enhance the symptoms associa ...
Kaczkurkin_umn_0130E_14221
... not only results in resistance to extinction but has been suggested to “incubate” or enhance the CR over time. There are currently few studies that have directly tested the incubation hypothesis. In addition to resistance to extinction, retention of the extinguished fear response is also relevant to ...
... not only results in resistance to extinction but has been suggested to “incubate” or enhance the CR over time. There are currently few studies that have directly tested the incubation hypothesis. In addition to resistance to extinction, retention of the extinguished fear response is also relevant to ...
PDF - Bentham Open
... Converging lines of research indicate that healthy emotion regulation relies upon the PFC [19, 20, 23-25], and that anxiety disorders may be linked to insufficient regulatory control from the PFC. Further, PFC dysregulation is associated with increased amygdala reactivity [26-31] and an exaggerated ...
... Converging lines of research indicate that healthy emotion regulation relies upon the PFC [19, 20, 23-25], and that anxiety disorders may be linked to insufficient regulatory control from the PFC. Further, PFC dysregulation is associated with increased amygdala reactivity [26-31] and an exaggerated ...
Neural mechanism of rapid eye movement sleep generation
... REM sleep is a unique phenomenon marked by indices of highly active brain while the subject/animal experiences probably the deepest phase of rest and sleep. The EEG pattern and the eye movements that occur during REM sleep are apparently similar to that observed during wakefulness. The autonomic ton ...
... REM sleep is a unique phenomenon marked by indices of highly active brain while the subject/animal experiences probably the deepest phase of rest and sleep. The EEG pattern and the eye movements that occur during REM sleep are apparently similar to that observed during wakefulness. The autonomic ton ...
Depressive Rumination: Nature, Theory and Treatment
... influential in the conceptualization and treatment of depression. Several cognitive processes have been implicated in the development, maintenance, and recurrence/relapse of depression. In the past 15 years, persistent, recyclic, negative thinking, in the form of rumination, has attracted increasing ...
... influential in the conceptualization and treatment of depression. Several cognitive processes have been implicated in the development, maintenance, and recurrence/relapse of depression. In the past 15 years, persistent, recyclic, negative thinking, in the form of rumination, has attracted increasing ...
Curriculum Vitae - Laureate Institute for Brain Research
... I am collaborating with several investigators at UCSD and other institutions to study the neural basis of psychiatric disorders. Specifically, I am working with Drs. Susan Tapert and Gerhard Schulteis on NIDA supported P-20 Center Grant to examine the role of interoception for drug addiction. Intero ...
... I am collaborating with several investigators at UCSD and other institutions to study the neural basis of psychiatric disorders. Specifically, I am working with Drs. Susan Tapert and Gerhard Schulteis on NIDA supported P-20 Center Grant to examine the role of interoception for drug addiction. Intero ...
A n e
... as well as the relationship between deliberate self-harm (DSH) and symptoms of depression and anxiety. A battery of instruments, including the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (DSHI) was administered to participants. Data we ...
... as well as the relationship between deliberate self-harm (DSH) and symptoms of depression and anxiety. A battery of instruments, including the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (DSHI) was administered to participants. Data we ...
1
... Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disease characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Converging data from different studies point to ADHD abnormalities in fronto-striatal circuits. Structural neuroimaging studies partially support f ...
... Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disease characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Converging data from different studies point to ADHD abnormalities in fronto-striatal circuits. Structural neuroimaging studies partially support f ...
Taste, olfactory, and food reward value processing
... Fig. 1. Schematic diagram showing some of the gustatory, olfactory, visual and somatosensory pathways to the orbitofrontal cortex, and some of the outputs of the orbitofrontal cortex, in primates. The secondary taste cortex and the secondary olfactory cortex are within the orbitofrontal cortex. V1, ...
... Fig. 1. Schematic diagram showing some of the gustatory, olfactory, visual and somatosensory pathways to the orbitofrontal cortex, and some of the outputs of the orbitofrontal cortex, in primates. The secondary taste cortex and the secondary olfactory cortex are within the orbitofrontal cortex. V1, ...
pathophysiology of attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder
... These findings were attributed to increased autoreceptormediated inhibition of dopamine release in caudate-putamen slices but not in the prefrontal cortex. Another study showed that the altered presynaptic regulation of dopamine in SHR led to the down-regulation of the dopamine system (31). The auth ...
... These findings were attributed to increased autoreceptormediated inhibition of dopamine release in caudate-putamen slices but not in the prefrontal cortex. Another study showed that the altered presynaptic regulation of dopamine in SHR led to the down-regulation of the dopamine system (31). The auth ...
Brain glycine receptors as a common target for alcohol and
... PREFACE ...........................................................................................................................10 ...
... PREFACE ...........................................................................................................................10 ...
REM Sleep - Test Page
... However, to a surprising extent this is not the case. As I review later, REM sleep reappears within hours after some of these lesions. When both parts of the brain remain, signs usually appear on only one side of the cut. This kind of positive evidence is much more easily interpreted than loss of fu ...
... However, to a surprising extent this is not the case. As I review later, REM sleep reappears within hours after some of these lesions. When both parts of the brain remain, signs usually appear on only one side of the cut. This kind of positive evidence is much more easily interpreted than loss of fu ...
Changes in Resting-State Functional Connectivity Following Delay
... expression were positively correlated with activity in the amygdala and ACC. The relationship between fear expression and ACC activity existed despite the fact that participants showed a similar level of contingency knowledge as measured with UCS expectancy. This study supports the idea that ACC act ...
... expression were positively correlated with activity in the amygdala and ACC. The relationship between fear expression and ACC activity existed despite the fact that participants showed a similar level of contingency knowledge as measured with UCS expectancy. This study supports the idea that ACC act ...
Biology of depression
Scientific studies have found that numerous brain areas show altered activity in patients suffering from depression, and this has encouraged advocates of various theories that seek to identify a biochemical origin of the disease, as opposed to theories that emphasize psychological or situational causes. Several theories concerning the biologically based cause of depression have been suggested over the years, of which the most prominent and widely researched is the monoamine hypothesis.