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Transcript
1.2Cells • unicellular.- one cell • Multicellular-many celled more complex and performs specialized jobs • Cells of the same kind make tissues .. • Tissues of the same kind make organs • Organs work together to make organ systems.. • organ systems make the organelle Chapter 1.3 and 1.4 Cell Processes pps. 22-27 Elements and Compounds • Elements: any substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance (smallest part is an atom) • Compounds: two or more elements chemically joined together • smallest part of a compound is molecule • 1 C and 2 O CO2 What compounds do cells need to survive? Pg. 24 • What are organic compounds? Compounds that contain carbon . • What are some organic compounds? Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids What is a carbohydrate? Energy rich organic foods made up carbon, hydrogen, oxygen. Potatoes, rice, sugar, pasta, bread, Lipids • Made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. The cell membrane is made of lipids. Fats and oils and waxes are all lipids our bodies store for later use. • Proteins : made of carbon, hydrogen, • Oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. Great for increasing the cell’s functions and speeding up the enzymes for metabolism. Nucleic Acids • Long strands of organic molecules that contain information for cells to carry out life’s processes. DNA molecule DNA is shaped like a double Helix ( a rope twisted) and found in a cell’s Nucleus. There are chemical Codes on the rope ends. Water and Living things • • • • Water does three things for our bodies: Chemical reactions depend on it Helps cells keep their shape Changes the temperature slowly in an organism 1.4 The cell and its environment • The cell has a • to allow substances to move in and out of the membrane. It has a double layer of lipid molecules side by side. • The cell membrane is • Selectively permeable. • Video of processes Passive Transport: Diffusion and Osmosis • The movement of material across a membrane with no energy is called passive transport. • Two types: diffusion and osmosis • Diffusion: high concentration to a low concentration • video Osmosis • Osmosis: Diffusion of water across a cell membrane • Video • Active Transport: Molecules move from a lower concentration to a higher concentration • This requires energy • Video of active transport Moving Large Particles • Video of endocytosis • Video of exocytosis