Download Ch 3 Packet answer

Chapter 3 Packet Answers
The Cell Theory Web Activity
1. 1660
Marcella Malpighi
2. intestines
William Harvey 1660
3. 1663 cork
microscope
micrography cell
4. cell
bubble
utricle
5. 18th century
basic structure
plant cells
6. Hooke
cell
7. Leeuwenhoek
animal
only blood
did not expect
8. animal
plant
protoplasm
all living beings
9. nucleus Leeuwenhoek part of the cell nucleus in the cells of every living tissue
10. Theodore Schwann
cell theory
nucleus
11. base growth
metabolic
cell division
cell
Cell Theory
1. All living things are made of 1 or more cells.
2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function.
3. All cells arise from existing cells.
Reading Activity
1. Who was Robert Hooke? (p. 50)
Scientist who looked at cork cells and named them “cells” they looked like empty rooms
2. Who was Anton van Leeuwenhoek? (p. 50)
Scientist who looked at pond water under a microscope and saw “animalcules”
3. What are SI Units? (what does SI stand for, and how are these units defined?)
The metric system of measurement; International System of Measurement
4. Define light microscope. (p. 51)
an instrument that produces a enlarged image of a specimen by passing light through 1 or more lenses
a. What is the possible magnification power of a light microscope? (p. 52)
It can magnify up to 2000x
b. What are some examples of objects you could see with a light microscope?
Living things or dead specimens
5. Define electron microscope (p. 51)
an instrument that produces a enlarged image of a specimen by using a beam of electrons
a. What is the possible magnification power of a electron microscope? (p. 53)
It can magnify up to 200, 000x
b. What are the two types of electron microscope? (pp. 53-54)
Scanning electron microscopes (SEM) and transmission electron microscopes (TEM)
6. Define magnification (p. 51)
The quality of making an image appear larger than its actual size
7. Define Resolution (p. 51)
The measure of the clarity of an image
8. Label the parts (number) and functions (letters) next to each part of the microscope below. (p. 1028)
_1_ _A_Eyepiece
_15_ B_body tube
_8_ _G_light source
_7_ _L__base _2_ _C_arm
_9_ _K_diaphragm
_3_ _D_stage
_11_ _M_stage clip
_14_ H_revolving nosepiece
_13 _I__low-power objective
_5_ _F_fine adjustment
_6_ _E__coarse adjustment
_13_J_ high power-objective
9. Most cells have what 5 parts? (pg 56.)
Cell membrane, cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, ribosomes, DNA
1.What is the cell membrane?
Outer boundary that separates the cell interior; regulates what enters and leaves the cell
2. What is the cytoplasm?
Cell interior
3. What is a cytoskeleton?
Microscopic fibers that give the cell structure
4. What are ribosomes?
Structures where proteins are made
10. Most cells have __DNA__ that make proteins, helps cells reproduce and controls activities.
11. The smallest and simplest cells are _ prokaryotes _.
12. A small portion of prokaryotes that cause infection and food to spoil are called _bacteria___.
a. ____ Prokaryotes ___ have a cell wall.
b. What are flagella?
Long, threadlike structures that protrude from the cell’s surface; help w/ movement
13. What is a eukaryote?
An organism that has a nucleus and other internal compartments (organelles)
14. _S__nucleus _B__
15. _N_ribosomes_F__
16. _K_rough ER _H__
17. _Q___smooth ER _G__
18. _T__vesicle_J__
19. _O_Golgi apparatus_E__
20. _M_lysosomes_I__
21. _R__mitochondria_D__
22. _L_chloroplasts_C__
23. _P__central vacuole_A__
Cytosol
Pili
Ribosome
DNA
capsule
Flagella
Cell wall
Cell membrane
Nucleus
DNA
Smooth ER
Rough ER
+
chloroplast
Cytoplasm
mitochondrion
vesicles
Cell Wall
Cell Membrane
Central Vacuole
DNA
Nucleolus
Ribosomes
nucleus
Golgi Apparatus
flagella
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Ribosomes
Microtubules
Cell Membrane
lysosome
Vesicle
Golgi Apparatus
Cytoplasm
Mitochondrion
1. In a(n) __light__ microscope, light passes through one or more lenses to produce an enlarged image of a specimen. These can be
used to view _living and non-living specimens.
2. The ability to make an image appear larger than its actual size is called __maginification____.
3. _Resolution___ is a measure of the clarity of an image. Fuzzy images viewed with a microscope may be this being low.
4. The image produced by a microscope is called __micrograph_________.
5. Total magnification of a light microscope is calculated by _multiplying________ the magnification of the objective lens by the
magnification of the ocular lens. A microscope with a 4× objective lens and a 10× ocular lens produces a total magnification of 40x.
6. Electron microscopes have __higher____________ magnifying power than light microscopes do.
7. A(n) ______electron______ microscope cannot be used to view living specimens.
8. All cells arise from _other preexisting cells_________________.
9. The basic unit of structure and function in an organism is the _cell_______________.
10. The statement that “cells arise only from existing cells” is part of the ___ cell theory ________________.
11. The surface-area-to-volume ratio limits a cell’s __size______________.
12. Modern prokaryotes are generally known as ___bacteria_________.
13. A structure within a eukaryotic cell that performs a specific function is called a(n) __organelle____________.
14. A cell with a well-defined nucleus surrounded by a nuclear envelope is a(n) __ eukaryote________ cell.
15. All substances that enter or leave a cell must cross the cell _ membrane______.
16.The _nucleus____________ houses a cell’s DNA, which contains heredity information.
17. The organelles that are the site of protein synthesis in a cell are called __ribosomes_________.
18.___Eukaryote________ cells have a system of internal membranes.
19. Rough endoplasmic reticulum has __ribosomes_________ embedded on its surface.
20. Photosynthesis takes place in the ___choloroplasts____ of plant cells.
21. Both plant cells and animal cells have cell membranes. In addition, plant cells are surrounded by a(n) cell wall
22. The _cell membrane encloses the contents of a cell, allows materials to enter and leave the cell, and is selectively permeable.
23. Short, hair-like structures that protrude from the surface of a cell and are packed in tight rows are called _ cilia
24. Which organelle breaks down food into energy molecules (ATP) the cell can use? mitochondria
25. Which organelle is responsible for capturing light energy and producing food energy (like solar power plant)? Cholorplast
26. What are membrane-bound sacs that sort, package, and secrete or export cell products? Golgi apparatus
27. The main function of the cell wall_ is to support and protect the cell
.
28. Which of these functions most like the “brain” of a cell? nucleus
29. The invention of the _microscope__contributed most to the development of the cell theory.
30. Students observing onion cells and cheek cells could tell the difference between them because onion cells have _cell walls
31. Which structure immediately identifies this cell as a eukaryote? 2
32. In eukaryotic cells, chromosomes are found in 2
33. Which structure produces vesicles filled with proteins? 1
34. What part does it use to produce ATP? 3
35.
Structure 1 is _Smooth ER____________
Structure 2 is _Nucleus____________
Structure 3 is _Mitochondria____________
Structure 4 is _Cell membrane____________
Structure 5 is _Golgi Apparatus____________
36. The picture shows a cover slip correctly being lowered onto a slide. This method is used because it prevents air bubbles
37. How is the prokaryotic bacterium in the diagram different from a eukaryotic cell?
No membrane –bound organelles, no nucleus
38. A student wants to view cells under the compound microscope at a total
magnification of 400x. If the eyepiece is 10x, which objective lenses should be used?
400x / 10x = 40x
39. A student wrote this description of a cell after looking at it under a
microscope. Which type of cell was the student most likely describing?
Plant cell  chloroplasts & cell wall
40. Which of the flowing pictures represents:
the place where cell products are modified, sorted and packaged? _D- Golgi Apparatus_______
the place in the cell where DNA is found? _B- Nucleus________
the place where ATP (energy) is made (cellular respiration) _A- Mitochondria_____
a.
c.
b.
d.
41. In the human body, the circulatory system transports and delivers substances. Within the cell, which organelle performs a similar
function? _Rough ER_________
42. Figure A represents a cell as viewed by a student using the 10x ocular lens
(eyepiece) and the 10x objective of a compound light microscope. Figure B
represents the same cell as seen with a different objective. The magnification
of the objective used to observe the cell shown in figure B is most likely _4___ X.
43. Compared to a skin cell, a muscle cell is likely to have more
a. golgi bodies (apparatus)
b. cell membranes
c. mitochondria
44. The diagram below shows an enlarged microscopic view of two cheek cells
d. chloroplasts
A
B
C
Which letter is pointing to the nucleus? B
Which letter is pointing to the cytoplasm of the cell? C
A- cell membrane
45. a
46. d
47. c
48. d
49. c
50. b
51. a