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Name: _________________________________________ Date _______ Page _____ Genetics PowerPoint Notes 1.) What is the simplified definition of ‘genetics’? Genetics is … 2.) What is heredity? Heredity is … Ex: 3.) Mitosis is ____________ reproduction that results in __ cells. (_________). This is important for ___________, ___________, & ___________________. 4.) Meiosis is used only for ____________ reproduction. This process produces ____________________ cells! Important in making what? __________________ 5.) Describe DNA’s “home” based on the PP picture that is displayed. 6.) DNA contains the ___________ material for the ________ organism! It is passed on from ______________ to generation and from cell to _______. Based on this information, why do some of us have characteristics of our grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, etc….? 7.) Once upon a time, there lived an ________________ monk named ____________ ______________. He worked in the monastery’s garden, paying special attention to ______ _______________. He studied how ____________ _____________ were passed from generation to generation. He did wonderful things in Genetics, and that is why he is called the “_______________ of _________________!” 8.) Mendel _______________ - pollinated pea plants, which means: ________________ the male pollen grains are ____________________ to the female and the _________ is fertilized! 9.) Mendel observed many different traits that showed up in his pea plants. What is a trait? An ___________________ inherited characteristic contain at least _______ pair of genes 10.) How many observed traits did Mendel use in his studies of pea plants? ________. 11.) Terms and abbreviations: Monohybrids = hybrid for ____ trait P = ________________ generation. F1= ________________________ generation. (_____________________). F2= ________________________ generation. (_____________________). F3= ________________________ generation. (_____________________). Dihybrid = organism hybrid for ____ traits 12.) Homozygous – ________ is defined as __________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________. 13.) Heterozygous – _______________ is defined as __________________________ ____________________________________________________________________. 14.) When Mendel crossed 1 of his “ ______________________” the next generation showed: 3 tall: 1 short pea plant (ratio) How did that happen? Tt x Tt We now use “ ____________________” to help us predict what the offspring may look like. 15.) Mendel concluded from his experiments that each ____________ has ___ factors for EACH _________________! We now call them _________ which are found on __________________. 16.) ___________- are different gene forms for a _________ of an organism. Ex: there are ___ alleles for blood-type, but a person only inherits ____ ___________ for each blood type. 17.) A parent can only pass on ___ gene from each pair 18.) _______________ genes are “stronger” than ______________ genes (weaker). 19.) _______________ genes only require ___ allele for a trait to be present. Ex: _______ or ________ 20.) Recessive genes require ____ alleles for a trait to be present. Ex= _______ 21.) The genotype refers to the ____________ which represent the genes. Ex: Who are the only people to have exactly the same genotypes for each trait? 22.) The ______________ refers to the ______________appearance of the gene pair. Ex: ______________________________________________________ 23.) Complete Dominance states: Dominant gene is _______________ (B) than the ______________ recessive gene (b). When together, the dominant gene expresses the ________________ (recessive gene trait is “hidden”). Ex: Bb 24.) ______________ _________________ states that when ___ alleles are ___________ in strength, there is a ________________ of their phenotypes. Ex: __________________+ _________________= ______________. 25.) ___________________ states that _______ phenotypes will show up together. Ex: 26.) How do we use genetics in our lives? 1.) _______________________________ 2.) _______________________________ 3.) _______________________________ 4.) _______________________________ 5.) _______________________________ CROSSES: Brown hair is dominant over blonde hair. Show a cross for a heterozygous brown haired man with a blond woman. Display the F1 generation. Genotypes: Brown = Blonde = Genotypes of F1 generation: Genotypic ratio: Phenotypes of F1 generation: Phenotypic ratio: