Download ETC Details

ETC Details
• Electrons power proton pumps  pump H+ out
into intermembrane space
• Generates ATP when H+ diffuse back into
matrix thru ATP Synthase (Chemiosmosis)
• NAD+ powers 3 pumps  3 ATP
• FAD+ powers 2 pumps  2 ATP
• http://www.nature.com/nrg/journal/v2/n5/animation/nrg0501_342a_swf_MEDIA1.html
Bookkeeping
Bookkeeping
•
NADH
•
•
•
•
FADH
•
•
Glycolysis
Bridging
Krebs
Krebs
ATP
•
•
•
Glycolysis
Krebs
ETC
•
•
NADH X 3 =
FADH X 2 =
Fermentation
•
•
•
•
Anaerobic Respiration
No O2 required
Plants  Ethyl Alcohol Fermentation
Animals  Lactic Acid Fermentation
• Produces:
• 2 ATP (From glycolysis)
• Ethyl alcohol
• Lactic Acid

Catabolism
• Carbohydrates
• Broken down into glucose
• Starts at glycolysis
• Proteins
• Broken into amino acids, then converted into
either pyruvic acid, acetyl CoA, or 1 of the
molecules used in Krebs
• Where it enters, depends on what’s made
• Lipids
• Splits into either glycerol or fatty acids
(hydrocarbon tails)
• Glycerol  splits into G3P and enters glycolysis
• Fatty acids undergo  oxidation  splits
hydrocarbon tails and enter Krebs as acetyl CoA
Anabolism
• Aka Biosynthesis
• How cells take molecules from food and turn them into molecules for
growth and repair
• Aka Metabolic Pool
• Intermediaries of all cycles can be removed and used to build molecules!
• Ex. pyruvate  glucose
• Acetyl CoA  fatty acids
ATP needed to drive biosynthesis
ATP
CITRIC
ACID
CYCLE
GLUCOSE SYNTHESIS
Acetyl
CoA
Pyruvate
G3P
Glucose
Amino
groups
Amino acids
Proteins
Fatty
acids
Glycerol
Fats
Cells, tissues, organisms
Sugars
Carbohydrates
Objectives
• For each phase, know the following:
• Input
• Output
- where it occurs
- aerobic or anaerobic
• What are the electron acceptors?
• Given a molecule, be able to tell me whether it was
oxidized or reduced
• Compare and Contrast substrate level phosporylation
and chemiosmosis
• If you altered some part of the cell, how would it
affect respiration? (ex. Mitochondria, membrane
permeability to H+, blockage of proteins)