Download Section 1: Living Things

Name:_____________________
Life’s Structure
and
Classification
Chapter 8, Pages 212-235
Section 1: Living Things
• ___________-any __________ thing
• Organisms can vary in size form ____________ __________ to __________
______ __________.
1. Living things are __________.
• ________-are the smallest unit of an ___________ that carry on the
_____________ of life.
• Each ______ has an orderly structure and contains the ________ for cellular
organization and ___________ in its ____________ material
Wildcats Share
Do you think all cells are all the same or are cells different depending on their
function? Explain
2. Living things _______ and __________
• Growth of many-celled organisms is mostly due to an increase in the
__________ of cells
• Growth of one-celled organisms is due to an increase in the _____ of
the cell
• _______________-all of the _________ that take place during the
______ of the organism
3. Living things _________
• Living things must ___________ with their ________________
• ___________-anything that causes some _________ in an
____________
• The reaction to a __________ is a ___________
4. Living things __________ ___________
• _______________-the regulation of an organism’s __________, lifemaintaining conditions despite changes in its ______________
5. Living things _____ _______
• The energy used by most organisms comes either _________ or
indirectly from the ______
Wildcats Share
• What organisms can get energy directly from the sun?
• How do other organisms get energy?
6. Living things ___________
• Reproduction enables living things toe make _______ of their own
________
• If all the individuals for a specific organism never reproduced that
organism would die out
• Example:
Wildcats Share
• Of these 6 characteristics of life which are important to the survival of a
species and which are important to the organisms itself?
• What do all living things need?
1. A ________ to ______
• This place must be ________ to the organism’s _________needs
• This place must also provide enough ________ for the organism
2. ________
 All organisms must take in water from their surroundings
 Water performs many functions such as ___________ _________
within a cell and ___________ cells
3. ______ ________
 Living things are made up of substances such as ___________,
_______, and __________
 Some organisms _______ these substances, other must ______ in
these substances in the form of food
 When organisms die these substances are released into the
_____________and used again by other ________ ____________
Section 2: How are Living Things Classified
• __________ developed a new system of __________ organisms and a
________ _________ system
• Based on looking for organisms with ___________ _________
• __________ ______________- two-word __________ system that
Linnaeus used to name various ___________
• This name is an organism’s ___________
• Organisms of the same species can _______ and produce _________
_________
• _______- a group of similar species
• First word of the two-word name
• Second word usually __________ a feature and is _________ for each
_________
• _______ is the language used for scientific names
• Why use scientific names?
1. Help avoid __________ by distinguishing organism with ________ names
2. Organisms with similar _____________ histories are __________ together
3. Scientific names give ____________ information about the ________
4. Scientific names allow _____________ about organisms to be ___________
easily and ___________
 ____________- the ____________ history of an organism, how the
organism has ___________ over time
 Order for classification of organisms:
___________ → _________ → ________ → ________ → ________ →
________ → _________
• Scientists use _______ _______ and _____________ ______ to identify
organisms
• Most ______ _______ have _____________ and illustrations of organisms
and information about where each organism _______
• A ____________ _______ is a detailed list of identifying ______________
that includes scientific names
Wildcats Share
Section 3: Cell Structure
•
1.
2.
3.



______ _______ consists of three parts
All ____________ are made up of one or more _______
The cell is the ________ unit of _____________ in organisms
All cells come from _______
____________- cells without ___________________ structures
____________- cells _____ membrane-bound structures
All cells must constantly take in ___________, store, produce, and
_____________ substances, and take in and use _________
 _____ ______- are tough, _______ outer coverings that ________ cells and
give them _______
o Found on the cells of ________, algae, fungi, and most _________
o Mostly made up of a _______________ called ___________
 _____ ___________- the protective _______ surrounding every cell
o ____________ interactions between the cell and its ______________
o ___________- ____________ substance cells are filled with
o Most of a cell’s _____ __________ occur here
o ___________ _________ is found here in _____________ cells
 _____________- a framework found throughout the ___________ which
helps the cell __________ or change its ________ and enables some cells to
_______
 One substance that takes part in nearly every cell activity is _________
 ___________- small structures where ______ make their own proteins
o Receive directions from hereditary material on how, when, and in
what order to make specific proteins
 ___________- structures within the cytoplasm of __________ cells
 _________- directs all cellular activities and contain ______
 Materials enter and leave the nucleus through openings in its membrane
 ___________- structure found in the _________ where most ____________
are made in ___________cells
 ______________- green organelles found within the cytoplasm of _______
cells where _______ is made
 ____________- green pigment which gives many _______ and ________
their color
 ______________-are organelles where ________ is released when food is
broken down into _________ _______ and water
 Chloroplasts and mitochondria contain ___________ and __________
________
 ____________ __________ (E.R.)- a series of folded ____________ in
which ___________ can be processed and moved around ________ of the
cell
o Can be _________ or __________
o Rough E.R. have ____________ attached
 _______ ______- stacked and ___________ membranes that sort
_________ and other cellular substances and package them into membranebound structures called _________
 __________- deliver cellular substances to areas inside the cell, and carry
_________ substances to the cell membrane where they are released to the
_________ of the cell
 __________- place for the ____________ storage of materials, like water,
waste products, ______, and other cellular materials
 ____________- contain digestive __________ that help break down food
molecules, ______ ______, worn-out cell parts, and _______ and bacteria
that enter the cell
 _________- a group of similar ______ that work together to do one _____
 _________- structure made up of two or more _________ types of tissues
that work _________
 _______ _______- a group of organs working _________ to perform a
certain _________
Section 4: Viruses
• _______- is a strand of ___________ material surrounded by a _________
coating
• ____ _____- living cell in which a ______ can actively multiply or in which
a virus can hide until __________ by environmental _________
• Viruses don’t have a _________, other organelles, or a cell membrane
• Most viruses can infect only ________ kinds of cells
• ____________ do not work against viral diseases
• ______________ can be developed to create ___________ against a virus
Unit 2 Vocab
Name:_______________
Organism
Cells
Development
Stimulus
Homeostasis
Binomial
nomenclature
Genus
Phylogeny
Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic
Cell Walls
Cytoplasm
Cell
membrane
Cytoskeleton
Organelles
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Mitochondria
Chloroplasts
Chlorophyll
Endoplasmic
reticulum
Golgi bodies
Vesicles
Vacuoles
Lysosomes
Tissues
Organs
Organ
system
Virus
Host cell