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Chapter 4
Cell Structure and
Function
Active Lecture Questions
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Which is NOT an organelle of animal cells?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Plastid
Mitochondrion
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Which is NOT an organelle of animal cells?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Plastid
Mitochondrion
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
In eukaryotic cells, the ____________ synthesizes
membrane components, proteins, and lipids.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Golgi apparatus
Lysosomes
Endoplasmic reticulum
Plastids
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
In eukaryotic cells, the ____________ synthesizes
membrane components, proteins, and lipids.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Golgi apparatus
Lysosomes
Endoplasmic reticulum
Plastids
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
What would your hypothesis be if you found a
cluster of fuzzy black growth in an empty plastic
container in your cabinet?
1. The container gave rise to this growth.
2. There were microscopic portions of this
growth that gave rise to this larger colony.
3. The fuzzy growth is not a growth, but part of
the container.
4. The fuzzy growth generated spontaneously
in the container after you put it in the
cabinet.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
What would your hypothesis be if you found a
cluster of fuzzy black growth in an empty plastic
container in your cabinet?
1. The container gave rise to this growth.
2. There were microscopic portions of this
growth that gave rise to this larger colony.
3. The fuzzy growth is not a growth, but part of
the container.
4. The fuzzy growth generated spontaneously
in the container after you put it in the
cabinet.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
The plasma membrane performs all functions
except:
1. Regulating flow of materials into and out of
the cell.
2. Facilitating protein synthesis.
3. Providing a barrier.
4. Facilitating communication with other cells.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
The plasma membrane performs all functions
except:
1. Regulating flow of materials into and out of
the cell.
2. Facilitating protein synthesis.
3. Providing a barrier.
4. Facilitating communication with other cells.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Where do most of the metabolic activities take
place within the cell?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Cytoskeleton
Cytoplasm
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Where do most of the metabolic activities take
place within the cell?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Cytoskeleton
Cytoplasm
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
What would happen if a cell stopped making
properly functioning RNA?
1. Nothing. The cell would function properly.
2. The cell would not be able to translate the
information in protein into DNA.
3. The cell would not be able to translate the
information in DNA into protein.
4. The cell would not be able to translate the
information in DNA into lipids.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
What would happen if a cell stopped making
properly functioning RNA?
1. Nothing. The cell would function properly.
2. The cell would not be able to translate the
information in protein into DNA.
3. The cell would not be able to translate the
information in DNA into protein.
4. The cell would not be able to translate the
information in DNA into lipids.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
A cell that is relatively large, houses its DNA in a
membrane-bound structure, has chloroplasts,
and contains protein fibers that hold all of the
organelles in place is:
1.
2.
3.
4.
A plant cell.
An animal cell.
An archaean cell.
A bacterial cell.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
A cell that is relatively large, houses its DNA in a
membrane-bound structure, has chloroplasts,
and contains protein fibers that hold all of the
organelles in place is:
1.
2.
3.
4.
A plant cell.
An animal cell.
An archaean cell.
A bacterial cell.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
A cell that can make its own energy, contains
membrane-associated pigments, and has a large
structure that holds fluids and sometimes poison
is:
1.
2.
3.
4.
A plant cell.
An animal cell.
A protist cell.
A fungal cell.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
A cell that can make its own energy, contains
membrane-associated pigments, and has a large
structure that holds fluids and sometimes poison
is:
1.
2.
3.
4.
A plant cell.
An animal cell.
A protist cell.
A fungal cell.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
If an organism has cilia, most likely it is:
1.
2.
3.
4.
A plant.
An animal.
Living in a dry environment.
Living in an watery environment.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
If an organism has cilia, most likely it is:
1.
2.
3.
4.
A plant.
An animal.
Living in a dry environment.
Living in an watery environment.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
A cell has a relatively high concentration of
mitochondria. This cell most likely functions to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Photosynthesize.
Contract and move.
Make protein.
Process carbohydrates.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
A cell has a relatively high concentration of
mitochondria. This cell most likely functions to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Photosynthesize.
Contract and move.
Make protein.
Process carbohydrates.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
A male animal has all its sex organs, but can’t
produce sperm. Your hypothesis is that the cells
of the testes:
1. Have malfunctioning Golgi or ER and do not
produce the hormones required for sperm
production.
2. Have malfunctioning lysosomes and do not
produce the hormones required for sperm
production.
3. Do not have nuclei for phospholipid
production.
4. Lack cytoplasm containing the DNA.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
A male animal has all its sex organs, but can’t
produce sperm. Your hypothesis is that the cells
of the testes:
1. Have malfunctioning Golgi or ER and do not
produce the hormones required for sperm
production.
2. Have malfunctioning lysosomes and do not
produce the hormones required for sperm
production.
3. Do not have nuclei for phospholipid
production.
4. Lack cytoplasm containing the DNA.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
A cell’s membrane is not formed properly—it is
not able to act as a barrier to its environment.
What may cause this problem?
1. The ER is malfunctioning and cannot produce the
proteins for the membrane.
2. The ER is malfunctioning and cannot produce the
phospholipids and cholesterol for the membrane.
3. The mitochondria are malfunctioning and cannot
produce the phospholipids and cholesterol for the
membrane.
4. The chloroplasts are malfunctioning and cannot
produce the energy needed to move molecules
across the membrane.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
A cell’s membrane is not formed properly—it is
not able to act as a barrier to its environment.
What may cause this problem?
1. The ER is malfunctioning and cannot produce the
proteins for the membrane.
2. The ER is malfunctioning and cannot produce the
phospholipids and cholesterol for the membrane.
3. The mitochondria are malfunctioning and cannot
produce the phospholipids and cholesterol for the
membrane.
4. The chloroplasts are malfunctioning and cannot
produce the energy needed to move molecules
across the membrane.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Why would a cell have a prominent ER and
Golgi apparatus?
1. It is a muscle cell and needs to have an excess
amount of processed lipid.
2. It is a bacterial cell and secretes large amounts of
protein antibodies to attack plant and animal cells.
3. It is a leukocyte (white blood cell) and secretes
large amounts of protein antibodies into the blood
stream.
4. It is a plant cell and undergoes the process of
photosynthesis, producing large amounts of
protein.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Why would a cell have a prominent ER and
Golgi apparatus?
1. It is a muscle cell and needs to have an excess
amount of processed lipid.
2. It is a bacterial cell and secretes large amounts of
protein antibodies to attack plant and animal cells.
3. It is a leukocyte (white blood cell) and secretes
large amounts of protein antibodies into the blood
stream.
4. It is a plant cell and undergoes the process of
photosynthesis, producing large amounts of
protein.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
How are chloroplasts and mitochondria similar
to prokaryotic cells?
1. Both are large in size.
2. Both can undergo the process of
photosynthesis.
3. Both can undergo the process of cell
respiration.
4. Both have their own DNA and ribosomes.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
How are chloroplasts and mitochondria similar
to prokaryotic cells?
1. Both are large in size.
2. Both can undergo the process of
photosynthesis.
3. Both can undergo the process of cell
respiration.
4. Both have their own DNA and ribosomes.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Bacteria do not have chloroplasts. How are some
bacteria able to photosynthesize?
1. The photosynthetic pathway occurs within a
food granule.
2. Their ribosomes function to facilitate
photosynthesis.
3. They use chlorophyll molecules that are
freely floating within the cytoplasm.
4. They have internal membranes containing
pigments and enzymes required for
photosynthesis.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
Bacteria do not have chloroplasts. How are some
bacteria able to photosynthesize?
1. The photosynthetic pathway occurs within a
food granule.
2. Their ribosomes function to facilitate
photosynthesis.
3. They use chlorophyll molecules that are
freely floating within the cytoplasm.
4. They have internal membranes containing
pigments and enzymes required for
photosynthesis.
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
If a cell had a nucleoid, it most likely would be
a(n) ___________.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Animal cell
Plant cell
Fungal cell
Bacterial cell
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
If a cell had a nucleoid, it most likely would be
a(n) ___________.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Animal cell
Plant cell
Fungal cell
Bacterial cell
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
What is the purpose of the central vacuole in this
cell?
1. To store digestive
enzymes
2. Protein synthesis
3. Energy production
4. Water storage
Figure 4-4
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.
What is the purpose of the central vacuole in this
cell?
1. To store digestive
enzymes
2. Protein synthesis
3. Energy production
4. Water storage
Figure 4-4
Biology: Life on Earth, 9e
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Inc.