Download CELLS QQ#2 (TOC#4) HW: CELLS Notes (TOC#5)

Prokaryote/Eukaryote/
Organelle QQ/Notes
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
Organelles
Quick
Question 1
What are the
three properties
of all cells?
I. Prokaryotic Cells
•
single-celled organisms
earliest & most primitive
forms of life on earth
include bacteria and archaeans
no nuclei
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•
•
•
•
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•
(pro means before, thus before nucleus)
no membrane organelles
some have a cell wall
II. Eukaryotic Cells
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Multi-celled organisms
true nuclei (eu means true)
Has membrane organelles
cell membrane in animals
cell wall in plants
Quick
Question 2
Compare and
Contrast Pro and
Eukaryotic cells
III. Cell Organelles
Organelletiny organ that performs
an individual tasks
A. Endoplasmic Reticulum
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Thin membranes not visible in light
microscope
Divide interior of cell into
compartments
Abbreviated ER – smooth and rough
i. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
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Manufactures proteins
Location for Translation of RNA into
proteins
Quick
Question 3
What are the building
blocks of proteins?
Why is the rough ER
crucial to cell
function?
ii. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
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Creates lipids and steroid messengers
organizes
Lacks ribosomes
B. Nucleus
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Information center of cell
Spherical shape
Largest organelle, readily visible
Centrally located
Positioned by filaments
Quick Question 4
Why is the nucleus
the information
center?
C. Nuclear Envelope
•
Double layer membrane pinched together at
nuclear pores
• outer membrane
• continuous with the rough ER
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Inner membrane
• Embedded with proteins
• Pores that serve as molecular
channels that restricts passage
of molecules except RNA and
some proteins.
Quick
Question 5
Why do you
think proteins
are so
necessary?
D. Ribosome
“Worker Bees”
• Where RNA is made
into proteins
• Proteins are
necessary for
carrying out
the functions of life
•
You will learn all about this in IS ¾!
E. Golgi Complex
•
Golgi Bodies
• Individual, flattened stacks of membranes
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•
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Collectively called the Golgi complex
Function in Molecule Collection,
Packaging, Distribution
In charge of Delivery, the “FedEx” of the
cell
F. Lysosome
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The Garbage men!
Membrane bound organelles
containing digestive enzymes
Break down worn-out cell parts
Recycles material into new structures
Digest pathogens engulfed by white blood cells
F. Centrioles
Microtubular Assembly Plants
• Present in animal and protist cells
• Occur in pairs near nuclear envelope
• Help move DNA during Mitosis
•
H. Mitochondria
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Cell's Chemical Power Plant
• Present in all organisms
• Bounded by double membrane
a. Outer membrane
is smooth
b. Inner membrane
is folded into
contiguous layers
called cristae
• Possesses own DNA
• Capable of replication
I. Chloroplasts
•
Where photosynthesis occurs
• Found in plants and algae
• Bounded by double membrane
• Internal membranes form disk-shaped thylakoids
(look like pancakes)
• Photosynthetic pigments
on thylakoid surface
• Possess own DNA
• Can reproduce
J. Cytoskeleton
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Interior framework of cell
Provides structure
K. Flagella and Cilia
•
Two types of
locomotion
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Flagella: whip
like action
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Ex: tail of
bacteria
Cilia: wave like
motion
•
Ex: hairs in
your ear
Quick
Question 6
Let’s see what you
got!
Name as many
organelles and their
functions as you can